This section is from the book "A Manual Of British Vertebrate Animals", by Leonard Jenyns. Also available from Amazon: A Manual Of British Vertebrate Animals.
§ I. Incisor, canine, and molar teeth all present, forming a continuous series.
Feet armed with strong claws: mammae abdominal: penis sheathed.
* Six incisors in each jaw: grinders of three sorts.
† Walk on the soles of the feet.
Lower incisors set in the same line: grinders varying in number, the three last large and tubercular: no glandular pouch under the tail.
Second incisor on each side in the lower jaw placed behind the others: grinders five above and six below on each side; the first very small, the last tubercular: body low on the legs: a glandular pouch or scent-bag under the tail.
†† Walk on the extremities of the toes.
Grinders varying in number : body very much elongated: feet short; the toes separate: ears short and rounded.
(1. Mustela). Grinders five above and six below on each side: tongue smooth.
(2. Putorius). Grinders four above and five below on each side; tongue rough.
Grinders five above and five or six below: body long: feet short, with five palmated toes: head depressed : ears very short: tongue slightly rough: tail flattened horizontally.
Grinders six above and seven below on each side; the two last in each jaw tubercular: ears moderately large: tongue smooth : claws not retractile.
(1. Canis). Pupil circular.
(2. Vulpes). Pupil linear: tail bushy.
Grinders four above and three below on each side ; no tubercular grinder in the lower jaw : tongue armed with prickly papillae pointing backwards: claws retractile.
** Teeth various: feet short and fin-shaped, adapted to swimming; those behind horizontal.
Incisors and tusks in both jaws: grinders uniform ; each of three lobes ; the central lobe triangular, large and cutting, the anterior and posterior lobes small.
No incisors or tusks in the lower jaw: tusks in the upper jaw greatly produced, directed downwards: grinders cylindrical, short, and obliquely truncated.
*** Incisors varying in number: summits of the grinders with conical points: soles of the hinder feet applied to the ground.
Incisors six above and eight below, nearly equal: tusks large: grinders seven above and six below on each side : body very thick : fore feet short and broad, formed for digging: tail short: no external ears: eyes very minute.
Two middle incisors produced beyond the others; those above bent and notched at the base: lateral incisors or false tusks very small: grinders four above and three below on each side: body covered with hair: snout attenuated: tail long.
Two middle incisors produced beyond the others, longer than the tusks; those above cylindrical, with a space between: grinders five above and four below on each side: body covered with spines: tail very short.
 
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