Resistance Of Stone To Crushing

The following results are from Mr. Kirkaldy's experiments with 6-inch cubes: -

Stone.

Crushing Weight per Square Inch in Tons.

Scotgate........................

5.1

Bramley Fall ...............

1.8

Derbyshire do...............

2.6

Craigleith.....................

5.4

Red Corsehill ..............

3.5

Cunliffe........................

4.7

Leigh Carr....................

7.2

Stone.

Crushing Weight per Square Inch in Tons.

Quarella (white)...............

3.8

Do. (green)................

3.0

Grinshill.............................

2.3

Wilderness (red)................

3.3

Hopton Wood...................

5.6

Spinkwell1........................

5.0

.....

Tensile Strength Of Stone

Stone is rarely employed so as to be subject to a tensile stress. The following Table is chiefly from Mr. Stoney's work on Strains, and he remarks that it would be well to have the figures corroborated.

Material.

Tearing

Weight per

Square Inch in lbs.

Authority.

Arbroath paving ................................

1261

Buchanan.

Caithness do ................................

1054

Do.

Chilmark ...............................................

500

Do.

Craigleith stone ...................................

453

Do.

Hailes ....................................

336

Do.

Humbie ........................................

283

Do.

Binnie........................................

279

Do.

Whinstone...................................

1469

Do.

Marble, white..............................

722

Hopkinson

Do........................................

551

Do.

Slate ........................................

9600 to 12,880

Rankine.

Transverse Strength of Stone.2 -

Modulus of rupture lbs. per square inch.

Sandstone ......................................

1100 to 2360

Slate ....................................... .

5000

1 Fairbairn's Experiments.

2 From Rankine's Useful Rules and Tables.

Absorption

Table showing the bulk of Water absorbed in twenty-four hours by various stones: -

Nature of Stone.

Bulk of Water absorbed as compared with bulk of stone per cent.

Authority.

Several specimens of good granite and syenite .......................................

1/2 per cent

W

Do. do. indifferent specimens

1

"

W

Do. do. very bad ....................

3

"

W

Trap and basalt ...........................................

A trace .

W

Do. do.........................................

1/10 to 1/5 p.c.

Sandstones.

Craigleith - Very durable ....................

8 per cent

C

Park Spring Do.............................

8

"

C

Giffneuk - Moderately durable .........

10

"

C

Heddon Do..........................

10.4

"

C

Kenton Do.........................

9 9

"

C

Mansfield Do.........................

10.4

"

C

Hassock - Very bad...........................

20.0

"

W

Limestones.

Marble...................................................

A trace.

Portland - Very durable ..................

13.5 per cent

C

Ancaster - Durable .............................................

16.6

"

C

Bath (Boxground) ........................................

17

"

C

Ketton - Durable .......................................

15.1

"

Chilmark .............................................

8.6

"

C

Roche Abbey - Durable ................

17.2

"

C

Kent Rag Do........................

1 1/3

"

W

Ransome's stone (artificial) ...........

12

"

W

Victoria Do. do. ................

7.6

"

W

Apcenite Do. do. ..................

12

"

W

W, Deduced from Experiments detailed in Wray On Stone. C, Royal Commission on Stone for Houses of Parliament.