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The Native Flowers And Ferns Of The United States | by Thomas Meehan



THE want of a systematic, illustrated work on the Flora of the United States has long been felt. Some time ago the author of the present volumes seriously entertained a project for such an undertaking, and even went so far as to issue a prospectus. But the difficulties in the way of the enterprise seemed so formidable that it was thought prudent to abandon it. The difficulties alluded to can readily be perceived. A glance at the vast extent of our country, with its widely differing conditions of soil, climate, and position, is sufficient to convince even the most superficial observer that the task of describing and illustrating its Flora is one which might well cause even the most courageous of botanists to hold aloof. To complete such a work in the lifetime of one man would be impossible, and this consideration was one of the main reasons which determined the author to abandon his project...

TitleThe Native Flowers And Ferns Of The United States
AuthorThomas Meehan
PublisherL. Prang And Co
Year1879-80
Copyright1879-80, L. Prang And Co
AmazonThe Native Flowers and Ferns of the United States in Their Botanical, Horticultural, And Popular Aspects

In Their Botanical, Horticultural, And Popular Aspects.

By Thomas Meehan, Professor Of Vegetable Physiology To The Pennsylvania State Hoard Of Agriculture, Editor Of The Gardeners' Monthly, Etc., Etc.

Volume I & II

Illustrated By Chromolithographs

Boston: L. Prang And Company
-Preface
THE want of a systematic, illustrated work on the Flora of the United States has long been felt. Some time ago the author of the present volumes seriously entertained a project for such an undertak...
-Spiderwort. Tradescantia Virginica, L. Natural Order, Commelynaceae.
Leaves lanec-linear, elongated, tapering from the sheathing base to the point, ciliate, more or less open; umbels terminal, sessile, clustered, many-flowered, usually involucrate by two leaves; plant ...
-Three-Flowered Avens. Geum Triflorum, Pursh. Natural Order, Rosaceae.
Villous ; stem erect, about three-flowered ; leaves mostly radical, interruptedly pinnate, of numerous cuneate, incisely dentate, subequal leaflets; bractlets linear, longer than the sepals ; styles p...
-Gelsemium Sempervirens. Natural Order, Rubiaceae (according to Chapman, in Flora of Southern States. Loganiaceae, according to Lindley, De Candolle, Asa Gray, and other authors). Carolina Jasmine, Or Yellow Jessamine
Gelsemium Sempervirens, Aiton. Gelsemium Sempervirens Flowers dimorphous; calyx five-parted, persistent; corolla funnel-shaped, five-lobed, the lobes rounded, emarginate, spreading, quincuncial i...
-Hoary Polypody. Polypodium Incanum, Swartz. Natural Order, Filices (Polypodiacece)
Fronds leathery, evergreen, veins obscure, sometimes reticulating near the margin, smooth and green above, pinnately parted; the divisions oblong, obtuse, entire. The frond beneath, as well as the sti...
-Common Blue Violet. Viola Cucullata, Aiton. Natural Order, Violaceae.
Rootstocks thickly dentate with fleshy teeth, branching, and forming compact masses; leaves all long-petioled and upright, heart-shaped, with a broad sinus, varying to kidney-shaped and dilated-triang...
-Wind-Flower, Or Wood-Anemone. Anemone Nemorosa, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae.
Low, smoothish; stem perfectly simple, from a filiform root-stock, slender, leafless, except the involucre of three long-petioled, trifoliolate leaves, their leaflets wedge-shaped or oblong, and tooth...
-Golden Columbine. Aquilegia Chrysantha, Asa Gray. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae.
Allied to A. casrulea ; tall, two to four feet; flowers deep yellow ; sepals lanceolate oblong ; limb of the petals a little longer than broad. - {Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Scien...
-American Thick-Stamen. Pachvsandra. Progumbens, Michaux. Natural Order, Euphorbiaceae (Buxacea Of Muller In De Candollc's Prodromus.)
Flowers monoecious, apetalous, spiked; calyx bractlike, four parted ; sterile flowers numerous ; stamens four, with club-shaped exserted filaments ; fertile flowers few, at the base of the sterile spi...
-Stud-Flower. Helonias Bullata, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Melanthaceae.
Scape ten to eighteen inches high, rather thick and flesh-', hollow, nearly naked ; leaves lance-spatulate, about as long as the scape, one to one and a half inches wide ; racemes short; pedicels as l...
-Tussock-Sedge. Carex Stricta, Lamarck. Natural Order, Cyperaceae
Pistillate spikelets 2 to 4, cylindric, slender, the upper ones sessile, often staminate at the summit; perigynia ovate, acute, about as long as the lanceolate scale ; culms, one to two feet high, rat...
-Blue Wax-Weed. Cuphea Viscosissima, Jacquin. Natural Order, Lvtiiraceae.
Annual, clammy-pubescent; leaves thin, opposite, ovate, lanceolate, long petioled, rough ; flowers nearly sessile, borne between the petioles, solitary ; petals violet-purple; stamens 12. (Chapman's F...
-Early Meadow-Rue. Thalictrum Dioicum, L. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae.
Smooth and pale or glaucous; 1 to 2 feet high; leaves all with general petioles ; leaflets drooping, rounded, and 3- to 7-lobed ; flowers purplish and greenish ; the yellowish anthers linear, mucronat...
-Nuttall's Pasque-Flower. Anemone Patens, L., Var. Nuttalliana. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae.
Villous, with long, silky hairs; flower erect, developed before the leaves ; leaves ternately divided, the lateral divisions two-parted, the middle one stalked and three-parted, the segments deeply on...
-Showy Orchis, Or Preacher In The Pulpit. Orchis Spectabilis, Linnoeus. Natural Order, Orchidaceae.
Root of thick, fleshy fibres, producing two oblong-obovate shining leaves, three to five inches long, and a few-flowered, four-angled scape, four to seven inches high; bracts leaf-like, lanceolate; se...
-Skunk-Cabbage. Sympi.ocarpus Fcetidus, Salisbury. Natural Order, Araceae.
Spathe conch-shapcd, acuminate; spadix on a short, peduncle-like scape, oval and densely covered and tessellated with flowers ; stamens four, opposite the fleshy, cucullate sepals; ovary one-celled; s...
-Common Wood-Betony. Pedicularis Canadensis, Linnasus. Natural Order, Scrophulariaceae.
Hairy, stems clustered, oblique ; leaves lance oblong, pinnatifid; calyx obliquely truncate ; upper lip of the corolla with two setaceous teeth at the apex. (Darlington's Flora Cestrica. See also Gray...
-Yellow Dog-Tooth Violet. Erythronium Americanum, Smith. Natural Order, Liliaceae.
Leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pale green, mottled, and commonly dotted with purplish and whitish; perianth light yellow, often spotted near the base; style club-shaped; stigmas united into one. Scape ...
-Moss-Pink. Phlox Surulata, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Polemoniaceae.
Stems prostrate, twelve or more inches long, with numerous assurgent branches two to four inches high; leaves subulate, linear, rigid, about half an inch long, cuspidate, crowded, with axillary cluste...
-Early White Saxifrage. Saxifraga Virginiensis, Michaux. Natural Order, Saxifragaceae.
Low, four to nine inches high; leaves ovate or oval spatulate, narrowed into a broad petiole, crenatc-toothed, thickish ; flowers in a clustered cyme, which is at length open and loosely panicled; lob...
-Bear-Berry. Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi, Sprengel. Natural Order, Ericaceae
Corolla ovate and urn-shaped, with a short, revolute, five-toothed limb; stamens ten, included within the corolla; anthers with two rellexed awns on the back near the apex, opening by terminal pores; ...
-Virginian Goat's-Rue; Hoary Pea. Tephrosia Virginiana, Persoon. Natural Order, Leguminosae
Erect, villous; leaflets numerous, oblong, mucronate; raceme terminal, subsessile among the leaves; legume falcate, villous; perennial; plant 1 to 2 feet high; stem simple, very leafy; leaflets 15 to ...
-Nevius' Stone-Crop. Sedum Nevii, Gray. Natural Order, Crassulaceae.
Stems low, three to five inches, ascending; leaves alternate, scattered linear-clavate, obtuse; flowers sessile, scattered along the widely spreading or recurved branches of the simple cyme ; bracts l...
-Great Fringed Orchis. Platanthera Fimbriata, R. Br. Natural Order, Orchidaceae.
Lower leaves oval or oblong, the upper few passing into lanceolate bracts ; spike or raceme oblong, loosely flowered; lower sepals ovate, acute ; petals oblong, toothed down the sides ; divisions of t...
-Floating Heart. Limnanthemum Lacunosum, Grisebach. Natural Order, Gentianaceae.
Leaves entire, round heart-shaped, one to two inches broad, thickish; petioles filiform; lobes of the white corolla broadly oval, naked, except the crest-like, yellowish gland at their base, twice the...
-Bluets. Houstonia CaeRulea, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Rubiaceae (Cinchonaceae Of Lindi.ey)
Glabrous; stems erect, slender, sparingly branched from the base, three to five inches high; leaves oblong-spatulate, one quarter to one third of an inch long; peduncle filiform, erect; corolla with t...
-Viola Pedata. Natural Order, Violaceae. Bird's-Foot Violet
Viola Pedata, Linnaeus Viola Pedata Nearly smooth; rootstock short and very thick, erect, not scaly; leaves all three to five divided, or the earliest only parted, the lateral divisions two to...
-Bog-Arum. Calla Palustris, L. Natural Order, Araceae (Orontiaceae Of Lindley's Vegetable Kingdom)
Spathe open and spreading, ovate, persistent; spadix oblong, entirely covered with flowers; the lower perfect and hexandrous, the upper often of stamens only; floral envelopes none; filaments slender;...
-Flowering Spurge. Euphorbia Corollata, L. Natural Order, Euphorbiaceae.
Erect; cauline and floral leaves oblong, narrow, obtuse; glands of the involucre obovate, petaloid; umbel five-rayed, rays two or three times di- or tri-chotomous; stem slender, erect, one to two feet...
-Potentilla Fruticosa. Natural Order, Rosaceae. Shrubby Cinque-Foil
Potentilla Fruticosa, L Potenthila fruticosa Stem erect, shrubby,two to four feet high, very much branched; leaves pinnate; leaflets five to seven, closely crowded, oblong-lanceolate, entire, sil...
-Perennial Flax. Linum Terenne, L. Natural Order, Linaceae.
Smooth and glaucous, one to two and a half feet high, branching above, leafy; leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, three to eighteen lines long, acute; stipular glands none; flowers large, blue, in few...
-Arrow-Leaved Spoonflower. Xanthosoma Sagittifolia, Schott. Natural Order, Araceae.
Stemless; leaves glaucous, hastate-cordate, acumin; the lobes oblong, obtuse; spathe hooded at the summit, oval-lanceolate, white, longer than the spadix; root tuberous; petioles twelve to fifteen inc...
-Leather-Leaf; Cassandra. Cassandra Calyculata, Don. Natural Order, Ericaceae
Leaves oblong, mucronate, paler and scurfy beneath, the floral ones oval; flowers in the axils of the upper leaves, small, white; calyx-lobes ovate, acute. Varies with the leaves and calyx-lobes narro...
-Viola Sagittata. Natural Order, Violaceae. Arrow-Leaved Violet
Viola Sagittata, Aiton Viola, sagittata. Smoothish or hairy; leaves on short and margined, or the later often on long and naked petioles, varying from oblong heart-shaped to halberd-shapcd, arrow...
-Fern-Leaved False Foxglove. Gerardia Pedicularia, L. Natural Order, Scrophularlaceae.
Smoothish or pubescent, much branched, two to three feet high, very leafy; calyx five-cleft, the lobes often toothed; corolla yellow; the tube elongated, woolly inside, as well as the anthers and fila...
-Yellow Pretty-Grass. Calochortus Luteus, Douglas. Natural Order, Liliaceae.
Stem about three-flowered; leaves convolute-acuminate, shorter than the slender peduncles; sepals oblong, pointed, and recurved at the apex, scarcely shorter than the petals, yellow; petals yellow, br...
-Blue Flag. Iris Versicolor, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Iridacee
Stem stout, angled on one side; leaves sword-shaped (three quarters of an inch wide); ovary obtusely triangular with the sides flat; flowers (two and one half to three inches long) short peduncled, th...
-Snake-Mouth. Pogonia Ophioglossoides, Nutt. Natural Order, Orchidaceae.
Root of thick fibres; stem (six to nine inches high) hearing a single oval or lance-oblong leaf near the middle, and a smaller one or bract near the terminal flower, rarely one or two others with a fl...
-Prickly Cleome, Or Spiderflower. Cleome Pungens, Willdenow. Natural Order, Capparidaceae.
Clammy-pubescent; leaves five to seven foliate, long-pctiolcd; leaflets lanceolate, acute, serrulate; lower bracts trifoliolate, the upper ones simple, cordate, ovate; stipules spiny; capsule smooth, ...
-Squarrose Actinomeris. Actinomeris Squarrosa, Nuttall. Natural Order, Asteraceae (Compositae).
Stem somewhat hairy and winged above, four to eight feet high; leaves alternate or the lower opposite, oblong or ovate-lancelate, pointed at both ends; heads in an open corymbed panicle; scales of the...
-Spring-Beauty, Notch-Petalled Claytonia. Claytonia Vlrgintca, L. Natural Order, Portulacaceae.
Root a deep tuber; stems six to ten inches long, simple; leaves mostly two, linear-lanceolate, an opposite pair near the middle of the stem, from three to nine inches in length; flowers pale red, with...
-English Maiden-Hair; Dwarf Spleenwort. Asplenium Trichomanes, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Filices (Polypodiaceae.)
Frond pinnate; leaflets roundish, subsessile, small, roundish-obovate, obtusely cuneate and entire at base, crenate above; stipe black and polished; frond three to six inches high, lance-linear in out...
-Anemone Caroliniana. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae. Carolina Anemone
Anfmone Caroliniana, Walter Anemone Caroliniana Stem slender, one-flowered; peduncle many times longer than the small, sessile, three-leaved, three-toothed involucre; radical leaves two to three,...
-Rosa Carolina. Natural Order, Rosaceae. Swamp Rose
Rosa Carolina, Linnaeus Rosa Carolina Stem erect, smooth, armed with stout, recurved, stipular prickles;. leaflets five to nine, oblong or elliptical, acute, finely serrate, dull and smoothish ab...
-Canby's Mountain-Lover. Pachystima Canbyi, Gray. Natural Order, Celastraceae.
Surculosely creeping; leaves oblong-linear, slightly denticulate; pedicel filiform, elongated; petals oblong-ovate; style very short. (Gray, in Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences...
-Drooping-Flowered Ladies' Traces. Stiranthes Cernua, Richard. Natural Order, Orchidaceae.
Stem leafy below and leafv bracted above, six to twenty inches high; leaves linear-lanceolate, the lowest elongated, four to twelve inches long, two to four lines wide; spike cylindrical, rather dense...
-Crawling Phlox. Phlox Reftans, Michaux. Natural Order, Polemoniaceae.
Stem erect, with procumbent runners at the base bearing round-ish-obovate and rather fleshy subsessile leaves; upper stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate: corymb few-flowered; stem four to six or eight inches...
-Maryland Golden Star. Chrysopsis Mariana, Nuttall. Natural Order, Composite (Asteraceae. Of Lindley)
Perennial; stem one to two feet high, simple, covered with loose silky deciduous hairs; lowest leaves spatulate-oblong, entire or slightly the upper ones lanceolate, sessile, entire; corymb small, mos...
-Boston Iris. Iris Virginica, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Iridaceae.
Stem round, slender, few-flowered; leaves linear, long; flowers beardless; ovary triangular, the side doubly grooved. Rhizoma fleshy. stem smooth one to two lines in diameter, one foot to two feet hig...
-Trumpet-Flower
Natural Order, Bignoniaceae Tecoma Radicans, Jussieu Tecoma Radicans Climbing by stem rootlets, leaves unequally pinnate, leaflets four or five pairs, ovate, acuminate, dentate-serrate, puberule...
-Palmer's Onion. Allium Palmeri, Sereno Watson. Natural Order, Liliaceae
Reticulation irregular, sub quadrate, the cell outline minutely very sinuous; scape eight inches high, rather stout; leaves narrow-linear; umbel many-flowered, the spreading pedicels six lines long; s...
-The Neviusia. Neviusia Alabamensis, Asa Gray. Natural Order, Rosaceae
Calyx bractless, spreading, five-parted, with the lobes leaf-like, incisely serrate and persistent. Corolla none. Stamens indefinite, inserted in several rows on the thin disk which lines the bottom o...
-Bird Rock-Brake. Pellaea Ornithopus, Hooker. Natural Order, Filices
Stem tufted, three to six inches in length, rigid, erect, polished, dark chestnut-brown, naked; frond four to six inches in length and two to three inches broad, deltoid, bipinnatifid; pinna rigid, sp...
-Cardinal's Flower. Lobelia Cardinalis, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Lobeliaceae
Stem tall, two to four feet high, simple, smoothish; leaves oblong-lanceolate, slightly toothed; raceme elongated, rather one-sided; the pedicels much shorter than the leaf-like bracts. (Gray's Botany...
-Ram's-Head Moccasin-Flower. Cypripedium arietinum, Aiton. Natural Order, Orchidaceae
Stem leafy; leaves elliptical, striate-veined. Sepals three, distinct (the two lower not united), linear-lanceolate, the upper oblong-ovate, acuminate; two lateral petals linear; lip as long as the pe...
-Illinois Acacia. Desmanthus Brachylobus, Bentham. Natural Order, Leguminosae
Nearly glabrous perennial, erect, one to four feet high; partial petioles six to fifteen pairs; leaflets twenty to thirty pairs; stamens five; poo's oblong or lanceolate, curved, scarcely one inch lon...
-Ternate Grape-Fern. Botrychium Ternatum, Swartz. Natural Order, Filices
Plant fleshy, sparsely hairy or nearly smooth, usually from twelve to fourteen inches high; sterile segment long-petioled from the base of the plant, broadly deltoid, ternate, variously decompound; pr...
-Scarlet California-Hyacinth. Natural Order, Liliaceae. Fire-cracker Flower.
Brodiaea Coccinea, Gray. Brodlaea Coccinea Scape erect; perianth broadly tubular, six-saccate at the base, the tube four times longer than the segments; anthers not winged. Leaves two to three li...
-Wool-Flower. Lachnanthes Tinctoria, Elliott. Natural Order, Haemodoraceae
Root red, fibrous; stem mostly simple, villous above; leaves linear-sword-shaped, smooth, the lower ones crowded and equitant, the other smaller and remote; flowers two-ranked, crowded in lateral and ...
-Dwarf Coral Plant. Erythrina herbacea, L. Natural Order. - Leguminosae
Stems herbaceous, several from a very thick root, prickly, the flowering ones mostly leafless; leaves long-petioled; leaflets ovate or somewhat hastate; vexillum lanceolate, folded; seeds scarlet. Ste...
-Dark Purple Rock-Brake. Pellaea Atropurpurea, Link. Natural Order, Filices
Smooth except some bristly-chaffy hairs on the midribs and especially on the dark purple and polished stalk and rachis, six to fifteen inches high; frond coriaceous, pale, once or below twice pinnate;...
-Veined Tree-Orchis. Epidendrum venosum, Lindley. Natural Order, Orchidaceae
Scape tumid at the base, five to seven flowered; leaves two, linear-lanceolate, abruptly pointed; bracts short, ovate; sepals and petals spatulate-lanceo-late, acute; lip three-parted, two-crested in ...
-Cut-Leaved Tooth-Wort. Dentaria Laciniata, Muhlenberg. Natural Order, Cruciferae
Root-jointed; stem-leaves mostly three, whorled, ternately divided; leaflets lanceolate or linear, lobed and toothed; the lateral ones two-parted, those of the root similar or sometimes wanting; racem...
-Gambel's Snap-Dragon. Antirrhinum speciosum, Gray. Natural Order, Scrophulariaceae
Shrub, two to four feet high, somewhat pubescent, leafy throughout: leaves oval or obiong, short-petioled, coriaceous: corolla scarlet or pink red, hardly an inch long, thrice the length of the lan...
-True Maiden-Hair Fern. Adiantum Capillus-Veneris, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Filices
Frond ovate-lanceolate, twice to thrice pinnate; pinnules very delicate, oblique, broadly wedge-shaped or sometimes rhomboid, rather long-stalked, the upper margin deeply incised and fruit-bearing or ...
-American Centaurea. Centaurea Americana, Nuttall. Natural Order, Compositae
Stem erect, sulcate, sparingly branched; lower leaves oblong-ovate, repand-dentate, upper ones lanceolate, acute, all sessile and glabrous; heads few or solitary, very large; pedicel thickened at the ...
-Pointed Erigeron. Erigeron Mucronatum, De Candolle. Natural Order, Compositae
Stem erect, terete, somewhat glabrous or sub-pube-rulous, branched; leaves lanceolate, narrowed at the base, somewhat glabrous, ciliate, entire or occasionally lobed above the middle, the lobes and ap...
-Carolina Sun Rock-Rose. Helianthemum Carolinianum, Michaux. Natural Order, Cistaceae
Hirsute; leaves lanceolate, denticulate, acute, short-petioled, the lowest obovate, crowded; flowers large, solitary, borne above the axils. Stems six to twelve inches high, ascending from a shrubby b...
-Northern Hard-Fern. Lomaria Spicant, Desveaux. Natural Order, Filices
Rootstock short and thick, very chaffy; fronds tufted, erect; sterile ones nearly sessile or short-stalked, sub-coriaceous, narrowly linear-lanceolate, eight to twenty-four inches long, one to three i...
-Red-Berried Elder. Sambucus Pubens, Michaux. Natural Order, Caprifoliaceae
Stems woody, two to eighteen feet high, the bark warty; leaflets five to seven, ovate lanceolate, downy underneath; cymes panicled; fruit bright red, rarely white. (Gray's Manual of the Botany of the ...
-One-Flowered Broom-Rape. Aphyllon Uniflorum, Gray. Natural Order, Orobanchaceae
Scaly stem short and nearly subterranean, bearing few scapes a span high: calyx-lobes mostly much longer than the tube, subulate, usually attenuate: corolla violet-tinged, and flower violet-scented, a...
-Marsh-Marigold. Caltha palustris, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Ranunculaceae
Leaves reniform or orbicular, crenate or entire; two to four inches wide, on long semi-cylindric petioles, upper ones sessile, all of a dark, shining green, veiny and smooth. Root large, and branching...
-Common Chain-Fern. Woodwardia Virginica, Willdenow. Natural Order, Filices
Fertile and sterile fronds alike, ovate, smooth, pinnate; pinnae lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, pinnatifid; segments oblong, obtuse; veins forked, forming a single series of areoles along the midr...
-Tri-Colored Gilia. Gilia Tricolor, Bentham. Natural Order, Polemoniaceae
A span to a foot or two high, mostly slender, paniculately branched, at length diffuse: leaves mostly twice pinnately parted into narrow linear lobes, and, with the calyx viscid pubescent: flowers few...
-Oswego Tea. Monarda Didyma, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Labiatae
Somewhat hairy, two feet high; leaves petioled, pointed; the floral ones and the large outer bracts tinged with red; calyx smooth, incurved, nearly naked in the throat; corolla smooth, two inches long...
-Nevada Cotyledon. Cotyledon Nevadensis, Watson. Natural Order, Crassulaceae
Acaulescent, glaucous: rosulate leaves obovate to oblan-ceolate, somewhat rhomboidal, acute or acuminate, the larger two to four inches long: Flowering branches six to ten inches high, with scattered ...
-Shield-Like Lip-Fern. Cheilanthes Californica, Mettenius. Natural Order, Filices
Rootstock short, creeping, chaffy with narrow dark brown scales; stalks densely tufted, dark-brown, glossy, four to eight inches long; frond four inches long or less, broadly deltoid-ovate, smooth on ...
-Blue Blazing Star. Liatrls Scariosa, Willdenow. Natural Order, Compositae
Stem stout, pubescent; leaves mostly pubescent, the lowest large, oblong or lanceolate obtuse, the upper linear, acute; heads large, fifteen to forty-flowered, roundish, sessile or pedicelled; scales ...
-White Moccasin Flower. Cypripedium Candidum, Muhlenberg. Natural Order, Orchidaceae
Sepals ovate-lanceolate; lip white, flatfish laterally, convex above; sterile stamen lanceolate; leaves lance-oblong, acute. Plant a little larger than Cypripedium arietinum, slightly pubescent, one-f...
-Yellow Milk-Wort. Polygala lutea, Linnaeus. Natural Order,Polygalaceae
Stem simple or with spreading branches; leaves lanceolate, acute, the lowest clustered, spatulate-obovate, obtuse; spikes dense, globose, or oblong; wings elliptical, abruptly pointed; lobes of the ca...
-New Jersey Schizaea. Schizaea Pusilla, Pursh. Natural Order, Filices
Sterile fronds linear, very slender, flattened and tortuous; the fertile ones equally slender, but taller, and bearing at the top the fertile appendage, consisting of about five pairs of crowded pinna...
-Calypso. Calypso Borealis, Salisbury. Natural Order, Orchidaceae
Scape six to eight inches high, bearing a single large flower at top and sheathed with several bracts. Leaf broad-ovate, smooth veined, one to two inches long. Flower near the size of Cypripedium, var...
-Common American Dodder. Cuscuta Gronovii, Willdenow. Natural Order, Convolvulaceae
Stems coarse, climbing high; flowers mostly five-cleft, in close or mostly open paniculate cymes; corolla bell-shaped, the tube longer than (or sometimes only as long as) the ovate obtuse entire sprea...
-Rattle-Snake Grape-Fern. Botrychium Vlrginianum, Swartz. Natural Order, Filices
Somewhat hairy. Sterile division of the frond about the middle of the stipe, ternately divided to the base, sessile, the divisions four to six in long, broad-ovate, or somewhat deltoid in their outlin...
-Arizonian Wyethia. Wyethia Arizonica, Gray. Natural Order, Compositae
One foot high, scabrous-hirsute; one to two flowered; leaves oblong-lanceolate, very entire, superior ones sessile; heads small, involucre hemispherical, scales oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, (those I h...
-Closed Gentian. Gentiana Andrewsii, Grisebach. Natural Order, Gentianaceae
Stems stout, a foot or two high, smooth: leaves from ovate to broadly lanceolate, gradually acuminate, contracted at the base, two to four inches long: calyx-lobes lanceolate to ovate, usually spreadi...
-Spreading Aster. Aster Patens, Aiton. Natural Order, Composite
Stem eighteen inches to two or three feet high, slender, roughish-pubes-cent, branched above, - the branches often elongated, spreading, and clothed with minute bract-like leaves. Leaves half an inch ...
-Crested Shield-Fern. Aspidium cristatum, Swartz. Natural Order, Filices
Frond linear-oblong or lanceolate in outline, one to two feet long; pinnae short, two to three inches long, triangular-oblong, or the lowest nearly triangular-ovate, from a somewhat heart-shaped base,...
-Mariposa Lily; Butter-Fly Tulip. Calochortus venustus, Bentham. Natural Order, Liliaceae
Resembles Calochortus Luteus: petals white or pale lilac, with a more or less conspicuous reddish spot at top, a brownish-yellow-bordered centre, and a brownish base; gland large, oblong, usually dens...
-False Sun-Flower. Heliopsis Laevis, Persoon. Natural Order, Compositae
Smooth; stem slender, branching; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sharply serrate, three-ribbed at the base, on slender petioles; peduncles elongated; heads many-flowered, the ray...
-One-Sided Pentstemon. Pentstemon Secundiflorus, Benfham. Natural Order, Scrophulariaceae
A foot or two high, including the elongated and racemiform strict many-flowered thyrsus: cauline leaves narrowly lanceolate (two or three inches long and lines wide); radical spatulate: peduncles one ...
-Netted Chain-Fern. Woodwardia Angustifolia, J. E. Smith. Natural Order, Filices
Sterile and fertile fronds, pinnatifid, unlike; sterile ones twelve to eighteen inches high, with lanceolate serrulate divisions united by a broad wing, having veins forming many rows of meshes; ferti...
-Dwarf Laurel. Kalmia Angustifolia, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Ericaceae
Stems about two feet high, slender, somewhat branching. Leaves one to two inches long, and about half an inch wide, opposite and ternate, on short petioles, linear-elliptic, paler or slightly russet b...
-Compass Plant. Silphium laciniatum, Linnaeus. Natural Order, Compositae
Rough-bristly throughout; stem stout (three to six feet high), leafy to the top; leaves pinnately parted, petioled, but dilated and clasping at the base; their divisions lanceolate or linear, acute, c...
-Colorado Loco-Vetch. Oxytropis Lamberti, Pursh. Natural Order, Leguminosae
Silky with fine appressed hairs; leaflets mostly linear; flowers larger (than Oxytropis campestris), purple, violet or sometimes white; pods cartilaginous or firm coriaceous in texture, strictly erect...
-Pinnatifid Spleen-Wort. Asplenium Pinnatifidum, Nuttall. Natural Order, Filices
Fronds (three to four inches long) lanceolate, pinnatifid, or pinnate below, tapering above into a slender prolongation, the apex sometimes rooting; lobes roundish-ovate, obtuse, or the lowest pair...







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