This section is from the book "A Treatise On Beverages or The Complete Practical Bottler", by Charles Herman Sulz. Also available from Amazon: A Treatise On Beverages.
It is generally understood that one pint (wine measure) is equal to one pound avoirdupois, and the graduated measures are more The measure employed in the manufacture of carbonated beverages is the Apothecaries' or Wine Measure, U. S.
Cubic inches. | Troy grains of water at 60° F. | ||
1 minim, m | ........................ | ...................0.00376 | 0.95 |
60 minims = | 1 fluid drachm, 3 | ........... 0.2256 | 56.96 |
480 " = | 8 fluid drachms = | 1 fluid ounce, f 3 - 1.8047 | 455.69 |
7680 " = | 128 " = | 16fl. ounces = 1 pt., 0-28.875 | 7291.11 |
61440 " = | 1024 " = | 128 " = 8pts. = | |
1 gal., Cong. 231 | 58328.88 |
Weights and Measures of the British Pharmacopaeia.
1 pound, lb = | 16 ounces = | 7000 troy grains. |
1 ounce, oz. = | = | 437.5 " |
1 grain, gr. = | = | 1 grain. |
Imperial Measure.
Troy Grains. | Avoirdupois. | |
1 minim, min..................................... 0.91 | ||
60 minims = | 1 fluid drachm, fl. dr.................. 54.7 | |
480 " = | 8 fluid drachms = 1 fl. oz..... 437.5 = | 1 OZ. |
9600 " = | 160 " = 20 fl. ozs.=lpt. O-8750 = | 1.25 1b. |
76800 " = | 1280 " =160 " =8pts.= 7000 = | 10 lbs. |
Metric Weights and Measures. Weights.
1 milligr. (mgm.) = | 0.001 gram (gm.) | ||
10 milligrs. = | 1 centigr. (cgm.) = | 0.010 gram(gm.) | |
100 " = | 10 " = | 1 decigr. (dgm.) = | 0.100 gr. (gm.) |
1000 " = | 100 " = | 10 " | 1.000 " |
1 gram (weight of 1 cubic centimeter of water at 4° C.) | |||
10 grams = | 1 dekagram. | ||
100 " = | 10 dekagrams = | 1 hektogram | |
1000 " = | 100 " = | l0 hektograms = | 1 kilogram (kgm.) |
10 kilograms = | 1 myriagram = | 22.046 ft av. | |
100 " = | 1 quintal = | 220.46 " | |
1000 " = | 1 mill. or tonneau = | 2204.6 " |
accordingly. A pint is not a pound, or vice versa, tradition notwithstanding. The weight of a pint of any solution depends wholly upon the specific gravity of such solution. A pint of water will not be of the same weight as a pint of 50 per cent. alcohol, but their weights will be in the proportion of 1.000 to 0.9182, their specific gravities. If this is borne in mind by the carbonator, dealers in essential oils will be spared the trouble of explanations, which in many cases are unintelligible to the purchaser Measures.
1 milliliter (or 1 cubic centimeter, Ccm.) = 0.001 liter. | |||
10 milliliters = | 1 centiliter = | 0.010 " | |
100 " = | 10 centiliters = | 1 deciliter = | 0.100 liter. |
1000 " = | 100 " = | 10 deciliters = | 1.000 liters. |
Wine Measure. | ||||
1 liter (or 1 cubic decimeter) | 1.0567 qts. | |||
10 liters = | 1 dekaliter | 2.6417 galls. | ||
100 " = | 10 dekaliters = | 1 hektoliter | 26.417 " | |
1000 " = | 100 " = | 10 hektoliters = | 1 kiloliter or stere | 264.17 " |
The unit of all metric measures is the meter (French, metre), and this is the ten-millionth part of the quadrant, or fourth part of the terrestrial meridian, the quadrant being the distance from the equator to the pole. The cube of the tenth part of a meter, denominated liter (French, litre), was adopted as the unit of measures of capacity. The weight of the one-thousandth part of a liter of distilled water at its greatest density (4° 0.) was denominated gram (French, gramme), and adopted as the unit of weight. The subdivisions of all measures are named by prefixing to the name of the unit the Latin numerals deci (.1), centi (.01, and milli (.001), and the larger denominations by prefixing the Greek num-erals deka (10), hekto (100), kilo (1000), and myria (10,000).
Measures of Length. Metric.
Inches. | |||
1 millimeter (mm.) | .039370 | ||
10 millimeters = | 1 centimeter (cm.) | .393704 | |
100 " = | 10 centimeters = | 1 decimeter (dm.) | 3.937043 |
1000 " = | 100 " = | 10 decimeters = 1 meter (m.) | 39.370432 |
10 meters = | 1 dekameter | 32 feet | 9.7 |
100 " = | 10 dekameters = | 1 hektometer 328 " | 1. |
1000 " = | 100 " = | 10 hektoms = 1 kilom. 3280 " | 10.4 |
1 kilometer = | 4 furlongs = 213 yds. 1 ft. | 10.43 | |
10 kilometers = | 1 myriameter 6.2137 miles. |
English.
1 inch..... | ........ | ............................... | 0.0254 meter. |
12 inches = | 1 foot = | 30.48 centimeters................. | 0.3048 " |
36 " = | 3 feet = | 1 yard.......................... | 0.9144 " |
198 " = | 16 1/2 "= | 5 1/2 yards = 1 rod................ | 5.0292 meters. |
220 yards = | 40 rods = | 1 furlong........................ | 201.1662 " |
1760 " = | 320 " = | 8 furlongs = 1 mile........ | 1609.3297 " |
Measures of Surface.
Hektare 10,000 square meters = 2.471 acres.
Are 100 " = 119.6 square yards.
Centare . 1 square meter = 1550.0 square inches.
Relative Value of Apothecaries' or Wine Measure, U. S., and
Imperial Measures.
Wine Measure. | Imperial Measure. | Imperial Measure. | Wine Measure. | |||||||
Pts. | Fl.oz. | Fl.dr. | Min. | Galls. | Pts. | Fl.oz. | Fl.dr. | Min. | ||
1 minim | 1.04 | 1 minim | 0.96 | |||||||
1 fluid dr. | 1 | 2.5 | 1 fluid dr. | 58. | ||||||
1 fluid oz. | 1 | 0 | 20. | 1 fluid oz. | 7 | 41. | ||||
1 pint | 16 | 5 | 19. | 1 pint | 1 | 3 | 1 | 38. | ||
1 gallon | 6 | 13 | 2 | 32. | 1 gallon | 1 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 4. |
24 fluid ounces wine measure = 25 fluid ounces Imperial measure (difference 1 grain). |
Value of Avoirdupois to Metric Weight.
Avoirdupois Ounces. | Grammes. | Avoirdupois Ounces. | Grammes. | Avoirdupois Pounds. | Grammes. |
1/16 = | 1.772 | 6 = | 170.098 | 1 = | 453.592 |
1/8 | 3.544 | 7 = | 198.447 | 2 = | 907.18 |
1/2 = | 7.088 | 8 = | 226.796 | 3 = | 1360.78 |
1 = | 14.175 | 9 = | 255.146 | 4 = | 1814.37 |
1 _ | 28.350 | 10 = | 283.496 | 5 = | 2267.96 |
2 = | 56.699 | 11 = | 311.846 | 6 = | 2721.55 |
3 = | 85.049 | 12 = | 340.195 | 7 = | 3175.14 |
4 = | 13.398 | 13 = | 368.544 | 8 = | 3628.74 |
5 = | 41.748 | 14 = | 396.894 | 9 = | 4082.33 |
15 = | 425.243 | 10 = | 4535.92 |
Value of Metric to Avoirdupois Weight.
Avoirdupois Ounces and Grains. | Avoirdupois Ounces and Grains. | Avoirdupois Ounces and Grains. | ||||||
Grammes. | Oz. | Grs. | Grammes. | Oz. | Grs. | Grammes. | Oz. | Gr. |
28.35 = | 1 | 50 = | 1 | 334 | 500 = | 17 | 279 | |
29 = | 1 | 10 | 60 = | 2 | 50 1/2 | 550 = | 19 | 175 |
30 = | 1 | 25 1/4 | 70 = | 2 | 205 | 600 = | 21 | 72 |
31 = | 1 | 41 | 80 = | 2 | 359 | 650 = | 22 | 405 1/2 |
32 = | 1 | 56 1/2 | 90 = | 3 | 76 1/2 | 700 = | 24 | 303 |
33 = | 1 | 72 | 100 = | 3 | 230 1/2 | 750 = | 26 | 198 1/2 |
34 = | 1 | 87 1/2 | 150 = | 5 | 127 | 800 = | 28 | 96 |
35 = | 1 | 103 | 200 = | 7 | 24 | 850 = | 29 | 429 |
36 = | 1 | 118 | 250 = | 8 | 358 | 900 = | 31 | 326 1/2 |
37 = | 1 | 133 1/2 | 300 = | 10 | 255 | 950 = | 33 | 222 |
38 = | 1 | 149 | 350 = | 12 | 151 1/2 | 1000 = | 35 | 120 |
39 =s | 1 | 164 1/2 | 400 = | 14 | 48 | |||
40 = | 1 | 180 | 450 = | 15 | 382 |
Value of United States to Metric Fluid Measures.
Apothecaries' or Wine Measures in Metric Measures.
Minims. | Cubic centimeters. | Fl. drachms. | Cubic centi-meters. | Fl. ounces. | Cubic centimeters. | |||
1 | = | .061 | 1 | = | 3.697 | 1 | = | 29.574 |
2 | = | .123 | 1 1/2 | = | 5.545 | 2 | = | 59.148 |
3 | = | .185 | 2 | = | 7.393 | 3 | = | 88.721 |
4 | = | .246 | 2 1/2 | = | 9.242 | 4 | = | 118.295 |
5 | = | .308 | 3 | = | 11.090 | 6 | = | 177.443 |
10 | = | .616 | 3 1/2 | = | 12.988 | 8 | = | 236.590 |
15 | = | .924 | 4 | = | 14.787 | 12 | = | 354.885 |
20 | = | 1.232 | 5 | = | 18.484 | 16 | = | 473.180 |
30 | = | 1.848 | 6 | = | 22.180 | 32 | = | 946.360 |
40 | = | 2.464 | 7 | = | 25.877 | 64 | = | 1897.720 |
50 | = | 3.082 | 7 1/2 | = | 27.726 | 128 | = | 3785.441 |
Value of Metric to United States Fluid Measure.
Cubic centimeters. | Fluid ounces. | Cubic centimeters. | Fluid drachms. | Cubic centimeters. | Minims. | |||
1,000 | = | 33.81 | 25 | = | 6.76 | 3 | = | 48.69 |
950 | = | 32.12 | 20 | = | 5.41 | 2 | = | 32.46 |
900 | = | 30.43 | 15 | = | 4.06 | 1 | = | 16.23 |
850 | = | 28.74 | 10 | = | 2.71 | 0.50 | = | 8.12 |
800 | = | 27.05 | 9 | = | 2.43 | 0.25 | = | 4.06 |
750 | = | 25.36 | 8 | = | 2.16 | 0.20 | = | 3.25 |
700 | = | 23.67 | 7 | = | 1.89 | 0.15 | = | 2.43 |
650 | = | 21.98 | 6 | = | 1.62 | 0.10 | = | 1.62 |
600 | = | 20.29 | 5 | = | 1.35 | 0.05 | = | 0.81 |
550 | = | 18.59 | 4 | = | 1.08 | 0.04 | = | 0.65 |
500 | = | 16.90 | 0.03 | = | 0.49 | |||
450 | = | 15.22 | 0.02 | = | 0.32 | |||
400 | = | 13.53 | 0.01 | = | 0.16 | |||
350 | = | 11.84 | ||||||
300 | = | 10.14 | ||||||
250 | = | 8.45 | ||||||
200 | = | 6.76 | ||||||
150 | a; | 5.07 | ||||||
100 | = | 3.38 | - | |||||
30 | - | 1.Q1 |
Approximate Measures.
A teaspoonful............1 fluid drachm.
A dessertspoonful ..........2 fluid drachms.
A tablespoonful...........1/2 fluid ounce.
A wineglassful...........2 fluid ounces.
A glassful.............. -----------
A teacupful.............4 fluid ounces.
A tumblerful............8 fluid ounces.
 
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