When a foreign substance has entered the ear, the plan for its extraction depends somewhat upon the nature of the material. In any case, however, bend the child's head toward the affected side, cause him to open his mouth as wide as possible, and at the same time gently pull the external ear upward and backward. In this way the external canal of the ear is straightened and stretched to its widest extent, and a small body like a bead may drop out. Another method is to wash the foreign body away with warm water and a syringe. Should the substance be of a nature to increase in size by absorbing moisture, such as a pea or bean, its extraction must be left for the physician, though it is to be delayed no longer than absolutely necessary. When an insect enters the ear, the external canal must at once be filled with fresh olive oil.