Juniperus oxycedrus, Linne'.  An empyreumatic volatile oil obtained from the wood.

Habitat.  S. Europe, Spain.

Syn.  Prickly (Spanish, Berry-bearing) Cedar, Large Brown-fruited Juniper; Ol. Cadin.,  Cade Oil, Oil of Juniper Tar, Oleum Juniperi Empyreumaticum (Nigrum); Fr. Huile de  Cade; Ger. Kadeol, Takinol, Spanisch-Cederol.

Ox-y-ce'drus.  L. fr. Gr...., sharp, pointed, + ..., cedar -- i.e., cedar with pointed leaves.

Ca-di'num.  L. fr. Fr. Cade, juniper; Bohem. Kadik, juniper -- i.e., European cedar.

Plant

Shrub 2.4-3.7 M. (8-12 degrees) high, resembling  J. commu'nis, branches spreading, drooping; leaves medium size, awl-shaped, pointed, 2 furrows on upper edge; fruit 12 Mm. (1/2') thick, reddish, shining, 2 white lines on apex.

Constituents

Volatile oil, resin, tannin, extractive (acetic acid, pyroligneous acid, acetone, methyl alcohol, etc.)

Oleum Cadinum.  Oil of Cade. -- Should be dry (downward) distilled from the heartwood, similar to obtaining tar, pieces of wood being laid carefully upon one another and covered with earth except an opening at the top, thus permitting slow combustion; inverted iron pots also are filled with billets, surrounded with worthless wood and set on fire, producing sufficient heat for distillation; product is caught in receptacles, set aside 15-20 days for separation of tarry and aqueous layers, the upper oily one constituting the commercial product.  It is a dark brown, clear, thick liquid, tarry odor, warm, faintly aromatic, bitter taste, slightly soluble in water, imparting to it acid reaction, partially soluble in alcohol, petroleum benzin, completely soluble in ether (3), amyl alcohol, chloroform, glacial acetic acid, oil of turpentine, sp. gr. 0.980-1.055; contains phenols and sesquiterpene -- cadinene, CH.  Test.  1. Shake 1 part with warm distilled water (20); filtrate, + 3 drops of ferric chloride solution (1 in 1000) -- red; or + silver ammonium nitrate T.S. -- blackens (cold); or + alkaline cupric tartrate T.S. (hot) -- red precipitate.  Impurities: Rosin, rosin oil.  The oil from wood of J. Communis often substituted.  Dose, miij-5 (.2-.3 cc.)

Preparations

1.  Petroxolinum Cadinum, N.F., 25 cc. In 100 cc. of product.  2. Linimentum Saponis Mollis Compositum, N.F., 2 p.c.  3. Petroxolinum Sulphuratum Compositum, N.F., 10 cc. In 100 cc. of product.  4. Unguentum Sulphuris Compositum, N.F., 15 p.c.

Properties

Anthelmintic, externally parasiticide.

Uses

Psoriasis, pityriasis rubra, chronic eczema, prurigo, psora, favus.  This oil may replace the U.S.P. Oleum Picis Rectificatum, both having the same effect.