Adiminutive of form, and applied to the, form of a medicine. The distinctions were formerly numerous and minute; the appellations varied from trifling accidental circumstances. We need not follow the singular fancies of Morellus, and some of his predecessors, but the most modern and useful author is Gaubius. He divides formulae into internal and external. The former are either solid or liquid. The solid formulae are powders,boluses, electuaries, linctuses, pills, lozenges, and cakes (Rotuli). The liquid formulae are infusions, decoctions, expressed juices, emulsions, mixtures, juleps, smaller mixtures, and draughts. The julep is a dilute pleasant mixture, and decoctions were sometimes called apozems.

The external formulas are injections, aspersions, epi-thems and cataplasms of different consistence, baths, vapours of burnt bodies, plasters, cerats, ointments,odoriferous balsams, liniments, blisters, and frictions. Formulae, directed to the head, were cucuphae (caps),fron-talia applied to the forehead, and collyria for the eyes. Applied to the nose, errhines and perfumes; to the mouth and throat dentifrices, stimulants to produce a discharge of saliva (apophlegmatismi) and gargles; to the stomach scuta; to the anus clysma and supposito-rium, to the vagina pessi.

These are nearly retained, but not in all their variety; and the directions for each, so far as directions are necessary, may be found under their respective heads. In works of this kind it has been usual to add formulae; but these can be only examples, and the simplicity of modern practice scarcely requires such. They are usually the refuge of quacks, and of those ignorant practitioners who direct a remedy to the name of a •disease, and copy a form which they employ indiscriminately: for these reasons we have seldom introduced them, though we have offered every necessary hint to avoid heterogeneous mixtures. Should formulae, however, be required, we will add them in an appendix.