The shopkeepers of a country are not necessarily of the racial type of that place. The real "people" are those who live upon the soil - farmers, and industrial workers, who are physically adjusted to the climate. Most of the races of man seem rooted to the soil of their native lands, with narrow views of life, and so ignorant of outside affairs as to lose touch with other nations. They need assistance to help them to dispose of their products and to import other necessaries. This is where the Jew shows his tremendous importance in the world. In one sense, he is the link which holds the modern world together - the trader and financier, without whom prosperity and modern civilization are impossible. He is the middle man, not really of any race but between races helping each to survive, but bleeding them when he becomes too numerous. He is a born buyer and seller - the survivor of the fittest types - of a long process of selection, during which only traders could survive. All other avenues of labor were barred by the racial instinct of the nations among whom they settled. Indeed, there is plenty of evidence that when Jews are able to take up with national life they always cease to be Jews. We have absorbed all those who came here in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, though the names persist in Christian families. He is the life of that trade which we have shown to be our modern necessity. He organizes great business houses now as he did in ancient times, and he is the great promoter, always thinking of means of exchanging goods. No wonder he gets rich - he deserves it as a reward for his abilities and past sufferings. Exclude him and we suffer at once, for we are unable to do the work ourselves.

It is to be noted that the Jew as a race never took part in the basic industries of a nation, and therefore, could not become part of it until modern times. He cannot farm, as he is physically unfitted for it. Even now his political disabilities are kept up because he is too frail to take part in national defense. In Russia he demands protection and cannot protect himself. Even in his favorite trade - tailoring - he is, in a sense, a helper to the people among whom he lives. The Jew, then, is a typical illustration of a commensal race, welcomed as long as he renders a returning benefit, but driven out or killed off as soon as he becomes so numerous that he is a harmful parasite and a national disease. European nations have repeatedly undergone a process of disinfection in this regard. The same law applies to the Jew as applies to a bacillus or any other organism which may be beneficial if few and in place, but deadly if numerous and out of place. The reasons for this harmfulness of the Jew when numerous are beautifully brought out by Roger Mitchell, in Popular Science Monthly, for February, 1903. He shows conclusively that the Jew was always welcomed by European nations as a commensal organism, living in the home of another organism, having no part in the national life, and desired for his benefits, but just as soon as he becomes so numerous as to be an economic disease he is eradicated. The persecution of the Jew, then, is and always has been a natural law, because it is necessary for survival of the supporting organism.

It often takes the form of a religious war or a race war, but at basis it is an economic war. He is never disturbed until he is harmful by being too numerous, and then he is deprived of certain rights exactly as the Roumanians deprive the "German settlers, Italian workmen and other foreigners as well." It is not a persecution of the Jew as Jew, but an extermination of an invading disease.

Prof. Goldwin Smith has also analyzed all the ancient persecutions of the Jew,* and shows that this law holds in every case; that is, the Jew by overstepping the limits of his usefulness has invariably brought trouble on himself.*  The last outbreak of Roumanian peasants was due to the extortion practiced by the Jewish lessees of the extensive estates of absentee landlords.

* Independent, June 21, 1908.

*  "Take any race you please, with any religion you please, but with an intensely tribal spirit; let it wander in pursuit of gain over the countries of other nations, still remaining a people apart, shunning intermarriage, shrinking from social communion, assuming the attitude assumed by the strict and Talmudic Jews toward the Gentiles, plying unpopular, perhaps oppressive, trades, and gleaning the wealth of the country without much adding to it by productive industry; you will surely have trouble. Offense will come. If it takes the form of violence or outrage it will be criminal. But it will come, and it will be the consequence, not of a fiendish disposition on the part of the people of the invaded nations, but of a calamitous situation".

The Finns not only refuse to share their sovereignty with Jews, but will not permit them to become too numerous. This typical action of Aryans, who themselves have been fighting for their own liberty, has been widely misunderstood and unjustly denounced as persecution.

The dispersion of the Jews as commensal organisms in other nations was a very early phenomenon, antedating the birth of Christ long enough for them to have lost their mother tongue at that time. In no other way can we explain the story told by Luke* where the Holy Ghost descended upon the Disciples so that they talked in divers tongues to Jews who had come up to Jerusalem from other places. The first apostles of Christ are said to have gone out "as far as Phoenicia, and Cyprus and Antioch, preaching the word to none but to the Jews only."*  Synagogues are mentioned as far as Salamis. The exodus from Egypt was probably an early expulsion, and is an identical phenomenon to the present exodus from Eastern Europe. The Czar is the modern Pharoah. There is some glimmering of an identical fact in the Babylonian captivity where the release of the Jews was probably a necessary expulsion.

It is generally believed that when Ferdinand and Isabella expelled 300,000 Jews from Spain, in 1492, it was because they were too numerous, and yet they were of such importance that the nation has never recovered the vitality lost by this foolish act. In 1275, Edward I was compelled to deprive the Jews of citizenship; the Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1285, destroyed all the synagogues in London, and five years later the Jews were expelled for their usury and extortion. Many were massacred by the sailors - a state of affairs like that in Russia today, where the massacres indicate an ethnic disease. Yet Russia would suffer if all the Jews were exiled, for they render services to the peasant which no one else can do. Oliver Cromwell was compelled to recall the Jews, in 1654, because it was necessary to improve commerce. He would have made them citizens if he could.

* Acts II.

* Acts XI.