New subjects:' Ripsaw and cutting-off saw (will be used only in rough cutting the material). Back-saw. Gauge. Knife (cutting and whittling). Rule. Try-square. Jack plane. Block plane.

Wood: Poplar (whitewood), pine,or basswood. Its native area, method of growth, and manipulation. (See W., Chaps. 1, 2.)

Preparatory.

A.   Make working drawing.

B.   From material dressed two sides to desired thickness, cut a piece 1/2" longer and 1/4" wider than required dimensions.

Exercises.

1. A. Prove best or face side (broad surface) to make sure it is out of wind.

1 The items under this heading are intended for discussion and demonstration on the part of the teacher, and for drill on the part of the students. Each teacher should decide for himself whether the sequence of the subjects is best suited to his needs, and if not, should rearrange it accordingly.

B.   Mark the figure " 1" on face side, near the face, or best edge, and plane edge straight and square with face side ; use jack plane.

C.   Unless it is necessary to plane the face side to make the piece out of wind (which will rarely be the case on a model of this size), do not plane the face side until all the edges are done.

2.   A. Mark the figure "2" on the face side near the best end (at right angles with the grain).

B.   Mark with knife and try-square the line to which the end will be cut off.

C.   Cut off with backsaw; leave a very little for block-planing.

D.   Block-plane exactly to line, and test with try-square to be sure that the end is square with both the face side and the edge.

3.   Measure desired length from end 2, and square across the face side with a pencil.

4.   A. Mark the figure "4" near the other edge (the back edge) on the face side.

B.   Mark the required distance with the gauge. (Drill on waste piece.)

C.   With the jack plane, plane edge 4 down to the required line, and straight and square with the face side.

5.   Point the label, being sure that the point is on the center line, and that the obtuse angles are exactly opposite each other. The point should not be brought to a feather edge, as it will be broken easily in handling, and it will be very difficult to work to an exact length; leave the point something less than 1/32" across it. Do not measure it, but be guided by the eye.

6.   Plane both sides.

7.   A. This model should not be sandpapered, as a small piece is difficult to hold for sandpapering.

B.   This model may be used also as a whittling exercise.

C.   Inspect for defects and remedy them.