Or the joining of two or more words into a phraseograph, without lifting the pen from the paper, is a method of ab-breviation at once time-saving, convenient and beautiful. This principle can be carried to any extent within the bounds of distinctness and convenience. To make combinations in which the distinctive feature of one or more of the joined words is sacrificed, would occasion illegibility. To combine words that join awkwardly, or to make phrases of in-convenient length, would be a loss instead of a gain in speed.

The course of Exercises commenced on the next page, will, if correctly read and repeatedly copied, conduct the student to the briefest style of phonographic writing. They are so arranged, as to begin with the corresponding style, using it in reporting fashion, and leading on, step by step, to the utmost brevity compatible with legibility.

The general rule to be observed with respect to the position of a phraseograph, is, for the first word to occupy its proper position, and for the joined words to accommodate themselves to the position of the first; but,

When the legibility of the second word in the phraseo - graph depends upon its proper position being retained, the first word must accommodate itself to the position of the second.

When 7" is joined to other words, it may, without danger of illegibility, be abbreviated to the first or second stroke of the sign; the first half being always written downwards, and the second always upwards. See next page; but,

When I precedes the stroke s or z, as in I say, I was, it is best to write it in full, also when t is joined to outlines, as in item, ideal, etc.

The student is advised, first, to read a page of the engraved exercises, next to copy it, then to write it from dictation, and lastly to read over his own writing. No more special direction can be given as to the amount of practice which the student should give to reading and writing, beyond the very safe one, that he should exercise himself most in that which he finds most difficult.

Joined You. 1. You may, you can, you must, you will, you are, you will be, you will have, you will do, you will have been. 2. You may have, you must be, you must have, you must not, you must not be, you must not have, you can be, you can have.

Joined We. 3. We have, we have no, we have been, we have done, we have said, we have seen, we do, we think, we think so, we think you. 4. We think that, we think you may, we think you will, we think you are, we think you must, we shall, we shall be, we shall have, we shall not, we shall not have. 5. We shall not be, we shall not think you, we fear, we fear you are, we fear you will, we fear you will be, we fear you must, we fear you must be, we find.

Joined I. 6. I have, I have no, I have been, I have done, I have said, I have seen them, I have known. I have just, I have taken, I shall, I shall be. 7. I shall have, I shall not, I shall not have, I shall not be, I think, I think yr. I think so, I think that, I think you, I think you are, I think you will. 8. I think you may, I think you must, I think you must be, I think you must have, I will, I will be, I will have, I will do, I will try. 9. I am, I am sure, I am very, I am very sure, I am glad, I am very glad, I am sorry, I am very sorry, I am inclined. 10. I do, I fear, I fear you are, I fear you will, I fear you will have, I fear you will be, I fear you may, I fear you must, I fear you must not. 11. I must, I must be, I must have, I must not, I must not have, I must not be, I find, I understand, I understood.

Joined Is. 12. It is, that is, in his, for his, it is not, tell his, think his, there is, when is, this is, it is his, of his, to his, all his. 13. On his, should his, (struck upward); who is, is not, is sent, is this, is then, is done, is said, is safe, is seen, is his, is such.

Joined Us. The reporter may, without danger of illegibility, use the joined circle for us, as well as is-his. 14. Tell as, tell us his, defend us, let us, save us, think us, take Us, takes us, send us, love us, loves us.

Exercise.

Joined As-Has. 1. Has been, it has been, has done, it has done, as for, has not, as well, as well as, as soon as, as long as, as has, as has been. 2. As good as, as far as, such as, such has been, such as would, such as can, there has not been, it has not been, this has not taken, nothing has been. Joined A-An-And. 3. In a, when a, for a, that a, send a, was a, till a, then a, into a, can a, it is a. 4. Does a, just a, against a, this is a, of a, all a, to a, or a, already a, but a, before a, on a, ought a, should a, who a, is a, as a.

Initial A-An-And. 5. And that, and for, and generally, and do you, and have you, and where, and this, and this is a, and then a, and when a, and accordingly, and is, and as.

Joined The. 6. For the, when the, then the, accordingly the, whatever the, upon the, above the, where the, which the, gave the, was the, can the. 7. It is the, this is the, against the, of the, all the, to the, or the, already the, but the, before the, on the, ought the, should the, who the, is the, as the, his is the, as is the.

Joined He. [There is no danger of he clashing with the."] 8. When he was, for he would, does he, thinks he can, thinks he would, then he, as long as he, for he was the, since he, as soon as he, is he, as he.

Initial He. [Always written downward.] 9. He was, he went, he wont, he must be, he might, he will, be has been, he has done, he would, he should, he would have, he should be, he is, he has.

Double Curve, adding their-there. 10. Save their, love their, writing their, between their, sending their, saving their, loving their. \l. When there shall be, for there is not, whenever there is the, so there is to be, was there any thing, I think there is, I am sure there is, are there as many, will there be. 12. Sign their petition, receive their sanction, serve their masters, finish their business, furnish their room.

Double Curve, adding ter-der. 13. Defender of his, surrender his post, render account, wonder who would, you are entirely, have the matter. 14. Enter his service, squander his substance, murder his reputation, it matters little, copy his letters, wander about

Exercise.

Phrases in the First Position 1. If you, if you will, if you are, if we were, if you can, if this, if your, by it, by which, by the way, each other. 2. I will, I will never, I will do, I am certain, I am glad, in all cases, when I am, when he must, if we. 3. In order that, in order to, I can, I cannot, of course, that is, if it is, if it were, if it is not, in the midst, in a moment.

Phrases in the Second Position. 4. When they were, when all this, in which the, in all its, in all their, all the way, in which case, of course it must be, I suppose that the, I suppose it is. 5. They must be, till you can, several instances, it may require, there can never, in all such cases, in all they, give them the, do you mean to. 6. After that, without it, without such, great advantage, sent them, send it, as soon as they were, can be made, one of them, let us have, let us consider.

Phrases in the Third Position. 7. At the, had the, during the, had you made, at such, to be sure, to be there, I hope you will, I hope you can, other reasons, few persons. 8. Though you may, though you will, though you are, those who are, in much the, not to be made, however you may, however you will, our reasons. 9. Human heart, human kind, whom you may, whom you are, viewed it, used it, had it settled, about it, about the, put it, put them, young man-men.

Phrases in which the joined words accommodate themselves to the position of the First. 10. It is important, it is impossible, you will understand, I am glad, of many of them, to many of them, of such, to such, of which you are, to which you are. 1*1. If this, if this is the, there is nothing, if it is necessary, if they were, if you are, to some extent, of some extent, of something, to something. 12. At such, though you may, of your, to your, was not so, it is said, it is not so, must do, must not be, let us proceed.

Phrases in which the joined words accommodate themselves to the position of the Second. 13. In each, in which, in much, of these, of this, of those, of either, of their, of other, I did not, I do not, I had not. 14. Give these give this, give those, and if, and for, and few, as these, etc.

Exercise.