This section is from "The American Cyclopaedia", by George Ripley And Charles A. Dana. Also available from Amazon: The New American Cyclopædia. 16 volumes complete..
See Alaska.
Rustchuk, a fortified town of Bulgaria, European Turkey, capital of the vilayet of Tuna ("province of the Danube"), on the right bank of the Danube, nearly opposite Giurgevo, 250 m. N. W. of Constantinople; pop. about 30,-000. It is the seat of a Greek archbishop, and contains nine mosques, Greek and Armenian churches, and several synagogues. Silk, wool, cotton, leather, and other goods are made, and the trade has lately increased. Many engagements have taken place here during the past century between the Turks and the Russians. In 1810 it surrendered to the latter after a long siege. After evacuating the place in 1812 the Russians burned it, but it was soon rebuilt. The fortifications, razed after the treaty of Adrianople (1829), were rebuilt after 1853.
See Turnip.
Rutlandshire, an inland county of England, bordering on Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, and Leicestershire; area, 149 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 22,070. The scenery is beautiful, and the soil fertile. It is the smallest county in England, and is remarkable for its wheat and cheese; but barley is the principal production. The chief town is Oakham.
See GrÜtli.
Rutuli, a Pelasgian people of ancient Italy, on the coast of Latium, whose chief town, Ardea, became a Roman colony about 490 B. C. In Virgil, King Turnus of the Rutulians is mentioned as an enemy of Latinus, who gave his daughter Lavinia, previously promised to Turnus, in marriage to AEneas. Their name disappears after the time of the Roman kings.
See Darnel.
Ryswick. (Dutch Ryswyk Or Rijswijk), a village of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, 2 m. S. E. of the Hague; pop. about 2,900. A treaty of peace was concluded here in 1697 by Louis XIV. of France on the one part and the German empire, England, Spain, and Holland on the other, which terminated the long war that followed the league of Augsburg in 1686. By that treaty Louis acknowledged William of Orange as king of Great Britain and Ireland, and restored his conquests in Catalonia, and a large part of Flanders to Spain, and others on the Rhine, as well as Lorraine, to the German empire; but Strasburg and other places in Alsace were definitively ceded to France. The villa where the treaty was concluded was demolished in 1783, and a commemorative pyramid was erected on the spot in 1792.
Saadia Or Saadiah (Ben Joseph), a Jewish writer, born in Egypt in 892, died in Babylonia in 941 or 942. He became the leading teacher (gaori) at the great school of Sura in Babylonia in 928. His principal work is "Re-ligions and Doctrines," written in Arabic, and now generally known under its title Emunoth vedebth in Judah ben Tibbon's Hebrew translation (German translation by Fürst, Leipsic, 1845). He translated the Hebrew Scriptures into Arabic, and wrote in Hebrew didactic poems on the laws and history of the Jews.
 
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