Joseph Ememoser, a German physiologist, born at Hintersee, in the Tyrol, Nov. 15,1787, died at Egern, Upper Bavaria, Sept. 19, 1854. In early life he was a sbepherd, but his love of learning induced several clergymen to send him to a gymnasium and afterward to the university of Innspruck. Among his classmates was the celebrated Hofer, whom in 1809 he followed in the Tyrolese insurrection as secretary. At its close he resumed his studies, but in 1812 made an unsuccessful effort in England to raise means for its renewal, and then entered the Prussian service, distinguishing himself in the campaigns of 1813-14 as commander of a company of Tyrolese, and especially as a staff officer. On the conclusion of peace he resumed his studies at Berlin, graduated as doctor of medicine in 1816, officiated from 1819 to 1837 as professor in Bonn, afterward practised his profession at Innspruck, and in 1841 removed to Munich, where he gained a high reputation by his skill in the practical application of animal magnetism and by his writings on medical and physiological science.

His most important works are: Der Magnetismus (2d ed., Leipsic, 1844; translated into English by William How-itt, under the title of "Natural History of Magic," 2 vols. 12mo, London, 1854), and Der Magnetismus im Verhaltniss zur Natur und Religion (2d ed., Tubingen, 1853).