This is the upward part of the swing. In making it the body should not be inclined to the right side; the backbone should be kept steady, and should form, as it were, a pivot round which the shoulders and body turn as far as is required for the easy accomplishment of the swing; the head should be kept as steady as possible, and the action of the shoulders, arms, wrists, and legs should be merely with the view of allowing the club to go round, and not a primary part of the swing. These parts of the body should, so to speak, be carried round by the club, and the movement of them should in no case be precedent to, but should follow, the club. It is too common to see the swing begun by raising the left heel off the ground; this is beginning at the wrong end.

The downward part of the swing is an exact reversal of the upward motion. As the club comes down, the whole position of the player reverts to that from which he originally began the upward swing, until the point is reached from whence it began (at which, or immediately after which, the ball is struck), and the downward swing is thereafter continued in what is technically termed the follow-through - that is, a new upward swing in continuation of the downward is commenced over the left shoulder to a certain extent. This upward swing over the left shoulder - or follow-through - is the exact converse of the upward swing over the right shoulder, the player's body turning in the course of the follow-through till ho faces the direction in which the ball is driven. The club-head, arms, and body should be thrown out or follow on in the direction in which the ball is driven, and in the course of this there will be the same easing of the body at the hip- and knee-joints, but exactly the converse of what has been before stated, and the heel of the right foot will be raised off the ground. Fig. 18 shows the end of the swing. A good follow-through is essential to playing a powerful long game; it prevents the ball being undercut, helps to give it a longer flight, and, most important of all, it ensures straight driving; because, when the follow-through is properly carried out, the club-head travels after the ball in the same line in which it is intended to be driven. My father, William Park, senior, who, it is well known, was one of the straightest and longest drivers of his day, carried out the principle of the follow-through to such an extent that he used frequently to run a yard or two after his drive. It has been urged that, in the upward swing, the club-head should be swept back along the ground as far as possible. The reason for this is that in the downward swing the club-head will instinctively be made to travel over the corresponding line that it has traversed in the upward swing; and it is one of the greatest elements in long and straight driving that the club-head should travel in the intended line of flight of the ball as long as possible. The annexed diagrams (Figs. 19 and 20) will givc a better idea of my meaning. To illustrate the point more forcibly they arc somewhat exaggerated, but the exaggeration helps to show what I. mean. The circles do not show the full extent of the follow-through, but are broken off about halfway up.

Fig 18. - The Drive - The End Of The Swing.

With the view of making the club-head travel longer in the line of intended flight, some golfers, instead of

Fig. 10. - The Kind Of Swing That Is Not Desirable - Too Up And Down.

(The line represents the curve described by the club-head) keeping the body steady and pivoting the shoulders round the backbone, sway themselves towards the right as the club goes up, recovering their original position as it conies down. Theoretically this should improve the swing, but, practically, experience teaches that anything gained by so doing is counterbalanced by (1) the slowness of the movement of the body, and (2) the inaccuracy entailed, and consequent difficulty of hitting the ball truly, which is the essence of perfect and steady play.

Although for the sake of being explicit the swing has been divided into upward and downward, it must not be supposed that there is to be any pause between these two parts; the whole swing from the beginning of the upward raising of the club to the end of the follow-through after the downward sweep should be one easy, smooth, rhythmical motion, without any jerking, and without being dislocated or cramped in any part. The club should be swung backward at a good speed, but without jerking and without undue rapidity, and at the end of the upward swing the downward should be immediately commenced without pause, the downward speed increasing in rapidity until the ball is struck. I believe that a great number of faulty styles of golf arise from the fact that there is an effort made to put force into the downward swing from the moment of its commencement. This, I think, is a mistake, as the club should gather speed, and consequently force, as it descends, the greatest amount of force being put into the stroke just before impact with the ball - say within a foot or two of it. As the club comes downward the player will feel his wrists straightening, and this is the most crucial part of the swing. If he wishes to drive well he must get his wrists into the stroke, and give the ball a sharp click just as it is struck. A writer on the game assiduously teaches that the club should be taken back slowly. 'slow back' is his motto for golfers. With all deference to his opinion, I do not think that this style is one which can be adopted with benefit. Some of our best players have had very quick swings, but none of them at any stage of their career have to my knowledge had a slow back style. I believe that in the swing, as in most else connected with the game, there is virtue in keeping to the middle course. It may be argued that professional teachers of the game tell their pupils to take the club back slowly; but this, it will bo found, really amounts in their case to an injunction not to jerk the swing.