Buteshire

Buteshire, a county comprising the isles of Bute, Arran, the Cumbraes, Holy Isle, Pladda, Inchmarnock, and other smaller islands. The area of the whole is 225 sq. m., or 143,977 statute acres. Pop. (1871) 16,977; (1901) 18,787. Buteshire returns one member to parliament. The county town is Rothesay, in Bute.

Butler

Butler, a town of Pennsylvania, on the Coneque-nessing Creek, 30 miles N. of Pittsburgh (45 by rail). It has woollen, flour, and planing mills, and plate-glass and carriage factories. The neighbourhood is rich in natural gas, petroleum, and coal and iron fields. The population is now well over 11,000.

Butte

Butte (Bewt), capital of Silver Bow county," Montana, 72 miles by rail S. by W. of Helena, with silver-mines, quartz-mills, smelters, etc. Pop. (350 in 1870) now 31,000.

Butterley

Butterley, a seat of ironworks and collieries, in Derbyshire, 10 miles NNE. of Derby. Sir James Outram was born at Butterley Hall.

Buttermere

Buttermere, a Cumberland lake, 9 miles SW. of Keswick. Lying 247 feet above sea-level, it is 1 1/4 mile long, 1/3 mile wide, and 90 feet deep, and is united by a short stream to Crummock Water (240 ft., 2 3/4 m. by 3/4 m., 130 ft. deep), which discharges to the Cocker.

Buttevant

But'tevant, a market-town on the Awbeg, 27 miles N. of Cork. Pop. 979.

Buxar

Buxar, or Baxar, a town of Bengal, on the south bank of the Ganges, 411 miles NW. of Calcutta by rail. Here in 1764 Sir Hector Munro defeated Mir Kasim. Pop. 18,498.

Buxton

Buxton, a town in Derbyshire, 37 miles NW. of Derby, and 25 SSE. of Manchester. It lies 1025 feet above sea-level, in a deep valley surrounded by hills and moors, which have been tastefully planted; and the only approach is a narrow ravine, by which the Wye flows into the Derwent. Buxton has long been famous for its calcareous springs, tepid (82° F.) and cold (discharging 120 gallons of water per minute), and its chalybeate springs. They were probably known to the Romans, and in 1572 were celebrated by one Dr John Jones as 'the ancient baths of Buckstones.' The town is visited annually, from June to October, by 8000 to 12,000 persons, the waters being taken for indigestion, gout, rheumatism, and nervous and cutaneous diseases. Near Buxton is the Diamond Hill, famous for its crystals; and Poole's Hole, a gas-lit stalactite cavern 770 yards long. Pop. (1871) 3717; (1891) 7424; (1901) 10,185.

Buyukdereh

Buyuk'dereh, a village on the Bosphorus, 10 miles NNE. of Constantinople, is the summer residence of many of the ambassadors.

Byblos

Byblos, an ancient city of Phoenicia, now a village of 600 inhabitants, called Jubeil, on a shallow bay at the base of the lower range of the Libanus, midway between Tripoli and Beyrout.

Byland Abbey

Byland Abbey, a ruined Cistercian monastery in the North Riding of Yorkshire, founded 1137, and chiefly represented by its noble Norman and Early English church, 328 feet long.