44. Orange, the first in relation to light of the secondary colors, is composed of yellow and red. Such a compound of red and yellow as will, in an equal quantity of either surface or intensity, neutralize a perfect blue, is justly termed a true and perfect orange. By neutralize is meant "offset" in intensity or prominence. The proportions of such a compound are five of perfect red to three of perfect yellow. When orange inclines to red, it takes the names of scarlet, poppy, coquilicot, etc. In gold color, etc., it leans towards yellow. In forming the tertiary citrine, it combines with green; and, with purple, constitutes the tertiary russet. With black, it also forms a series of warm semineutral colors, harmonizing in contrast and variety of tints with white. In nature it is effective, acting powerfully at a great distance, diminishing its sensibility in proportion to the strength of the light in which it is viewed. It is of the hue, and partakes of the vividness, of sunshine, as it does also of all the powers of its components, red and yellow.

This secondary is preeminently a warm color, being the even contrast or antagonist, in this respect-as it is also in color-of blue, to which the attribute of coolness peculiarly belongs; hence, it is discordant when standing alone with yellow or with red, unqualified by their proper contrasts. In the well known fruit of Aurantium, called orange from its golden hue, the fruit which gives this color its well adapted name, Nature has associated two primary colors with two primary flavors, seemingly analogous-a red and yellow compound color, with a sweet and acid compound flavor.