The principle under discussion is not limited to cases of relationship by blood or affinity, but it applies also to persons who are de facto members of the same family, even if there is no relationship of any kind between them.1 Thus, if a child has been taken into a family as a member thereof by persons in no way related to it, there is on the one hand no implied contract that the child, or the parents of the child, should make compensation for its board ;2 nor, on the other hand, that the persons who take such child into their family, are to make compensation for the services performed by such child.3 This rule applies even where an "adopted " child remains a member of the family after becoming of age.4