29. Juncus Pelocarpus E. Meyer. Brown-Fruited Rush

Fig. 1194

Juncus pelocarpus E. Meyer, Syn. Luz. 30. 1823.

Rootstock slender; stems 3'-2o' high, 1-5-leaved; basal leaves 2-4, with loose auriculate sheaths, mostly with slender terete blades seldom exceeding 5' in length; stem leaves 1-5, similar to the basal; inflorescence 4' in height or less; secondary panicles rarely produced from the axils of the upper leaves; panicle loose, with distant heads of 1 or sometimes 2 flowers; perianth 3/4"-i1 1/2" long, the parts linear-oblong, green to reddish-green, obtuse or the inner sometimes acute, the outer usually the shorter, all of them frequently modified into rudimentary leaves; stamens 6, about two-thirds as long as the perianth; anthers exceeding the filaments; style commonly 1/2" and stigmas 1" long; capsule subulate-linear, its slender beak exceeding the perianth, 1-celled; seed oblong to obovoid, 1/5"-1/4" long, reticulate in about 24 rows, the areolae smooth.

Newfoundland to New Jersey, Ontario and Minnesota.

30. Juncus Subtilis E. Meyer. Creeping Rush

Fig. 1195

Juncus subtilis E. Meyer, Syn. Luz. 31. 1823.

Juncus pelocarpus subtilis Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2: 456. 1866.

Tufted; stems filiform, creeping on mud, or floating, simple or branched, sometimes 5 dm. long, but usually much shorter, the leaves capillary, often fascicled at the nodes. Flowers only 1 or 2, axillary or terminal, short-peduncled or sessile; perianth about 1" long, its parts linear-oblong, reddish, obtuse or acutish, the outer shorter than the inner; stamens 6, shorter than the perianth; anthers about as long as the filaments; capsule trigonous, slender-beaked, a little longer than the perianth.

Newfoundland to Quebec and Maine.

31. Juncus Bulbosus L. Bulbous Rush

Fig. 1196

J uncus bulbosus L. Sp. PI. 327. 1753.

Tufted, 2'-8' high; stems erect, or procumbent and rooting at the joints, usually bulbous. Leaves of two kinds, the basal mostly submersed, filiform, the caul-ine stouter, all with auriculate sheaths 10" long or less, the septa of the blades inconspicuous; panicle of 1-10 heads; heads top-shaped to hemispheric, 4-15-flowered, some of the flowers often transformed into tufts of small leaves; perianth 1 1/3"-1 1/2" long, its parts nearly equal, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, brown, or with a green midrib; stamens 3, shorter than the perianth; anthers a little shorter than the filaments; capsule narrowly oblong, obtuse, mucronate, slightly exceeding the perianth, brown above, 1-celled; seed narrowly oblong, about i" long, acute at base, obtuse and apiculate above, 25-30-ribbed.

Labrador, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Europe.

32. Juncus Militaris Bigel. Bayonet Rush

Fig. 1197

Juncus militaris Bigel. Fl. Bost. Ed. 2, 139. 1824.

Stems 20-40 high, erect, stout, 1 1/2"~3" thick below, arising from a stout rootstock. Leaves of two kinds, the submersed borne in dense fascicles on the root-stock and developing filiform, nodose blades sometimes 20' long; basal leaves reduced to loose bladeless sheaths, sometimes 10' long; stem leaves 1 or 2, the lower with a long stout terete blade 1"-2" thick at the base, the upper, when present, reduced to a blade-less sheath; inflorescence 3'-6' high, its bracts with obsolete blades; heads top-shaped to semiglobose, 6-12-flowered; perianth 1 1/2"-1 3/4" long, its parts narrowly linear-subulate, the inner longer than the outer; stamens 6, nearly as long; anthers slightly exceeding the filaments; capsule ovoid, acuminate, beaked, 1-celled, few-seeded, about equalling perianth; seed obovoid, about i" long, reticulated in about 24 rows.

Shallow margins of lakes, ponds or streams, Nova Scotia to northern New York and Maryland.