4. Pinus Scopulorum (Engelm.) Lemmon. Rock Pine

Fig. 134

P. pondcrosa scopulorum Engelm. in Brewer & Watson, Bot. Cal. 2: 126. 1880. P. scopulorum Lemmon Gard. & For. 10: 183. 1897.

A large tree, attaining a maximum height of about 1200 and a trunk diameter of 3 1/2°. Branches widely spreading or somewhat drooping; bark nearly black, scaly; leaves in 3's (rarely some of them in 2's), rather stout, 3'-6' long; cones subterminal, very dense and heavy, ovoid-conic, 3'- 4' long, 1 1/2'-2 1/2' thick; scales thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge prominent, with a short slender recurved prickle.

South Dakota to Nebraska, Texas, Utah and Arizona. Wood hard, strong, light brown; weight per cubic foot 29 lbs. United in first edition with Pinus ponderosa Dougl. April-May. Long-leaved, Red, Bull, Western pitch, and Gambier Parry's-pine.

5. Pinus Banksiana Lamb. Labrador Pine. Gray Pine

Fig. 135

Pinus sylvestris var. dwaricata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 366.

1789. Pinus Banksiana Lamb. Pinus, 1: 7. pl. 3. 1803. Pinus divaricata Gordon, Pinetum, 163. 1858.

A slender tree, usually 40-600 high, but sometimes reaching 100°, and a trunk diameter of 3°, the branches spreading, the bark becoming flaky. Leaves in 2's, stout, stiff, more or less curved, spreading or oblique, light green, crowded along the branches, seldom over i' long; fibro-vascular bundles 2; cones commonly very numerous, lateral, oblong-conic, usually upwardly curved, 1'-2' long, 9"-15" thick when mature; scales thickened at the end, the transverse ridge a mere line with a minute central point in place of spine or prickle at maturity; young scales spiny-tipped.

In sandy soil, sometimes forming extensive forests. Nova Scotia to Hudson Bay and the Northwest Territory, south to Maine, northern New York, northern Illinois and Minnesota. Wood soft, weak, compact, light brown; weight per cubic foot 27 lbs. Also called Hudson Bay Pine, Northern scrub-pine; Black, Bank's-, Shore-, Jack- and Rock-pine; Unlucky-tree. May-June.

6. Pinus Virginiana Mill. Jersey Pine. Scrub Pine

Fig. 136

Pinus virginiana Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. 8, No. 9. 1768. Pinus inops Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 367. 1789.

A slender tree, usually small, but sometimes attaining a height of no° and a trunk diameter of 30, the old bark dark colored, flaky, the branches spreading or drooping, the twigs glaucous. Leaves in 2's, dark green, rather stout and stiff, 1 1/2'-2 1/2' long, with 2 fibro-vascular bundles; young sheaths rarely more than 2 1/2" long; cones commonly few, lateral, recurved when young, spreading when old, oblong-conic, 1 1/2'-2%' long, their scales somewhat thickened at the apex, the low transverse ridge with a short more or less recurved prickle.

In sandy soil, Long Island, New York to Georgia, Alabama and southern Indiana and Tennessee, sometimes forming forests. Ascends to 3300 ft. in Virginia. Wood soft, weak, brittle, light orange; weight per cubic foot 33 lbs. April-May. Called also Short-shucks, Short-leaved or Short-shot Pine; Spruce, Cedar, Nigger and River-pine.