10. Pinus Rigida Mill. Pitch Pine. Torch Pine

Fig. 140

Pinus rigida Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. 8, No. 10. 1768.

A forest tree reaching a maximum height of about 80° and a trunk diameter of 30, the branches spreading, the old bark rough, furrowed, flaky in strips. Leaves in 3's (very rarely some in 4's), stout and stiff, rather dark green, 3'-5' long, spreading when mature; fibro-vascular bundles 2; sheaths 4"-6" long when young; cones lateral, ovoid, 1 1/2' - 3' long, becoming nearly globular when the scales open, commonly numerous and clustered; scales thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge acute, provided with a stout central triangular recurved-spreading prickle.

In dry, sandy or rocky soil. New Brunswick to Georgia, west to southern Ontario, Ohio, West Virginia, Tennessee and Alabama. Ascends to 3000 ft. in Virginia. This forms most of the " pine barrens" of Long Island and New Jersey. Wood soft, brittle, coarse-grained, light reddish-brown; weight per cubic foot 32 lbs. Also called Sap. Hard, Yellow, and Black Norway or Candlewood-pine; produces shoots from cut stumps. April-May. Leaves sometimes only 1 1/2' long on mountain trees.

11. Pinus Serotina Michx. Pond Pine

Fig. 141

P. serotina Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 105. 1803.

A tree of ponds and swamps, reaching a maximum height of about 750 and a trunk diameter of 30, its trunk usually short, the bark fissured into small plates. Leaves in 3's (rarely some in 4's), pale green, glaucous, 6'-10' long, with 2 fibro-vascular bundles; sheaths about 1/2' long; cones ovoid to globular-ovoid, about 2 1/2' long, the scales bearing a slender, incurved, usually deciduous prickle.

Atlantic coastal plain, southern New Jersey; Virginia to Florida. Wood soft, brittle, coarsegrained; weight per cubic foot about 49 lbs.

Pinus sylvestris L., the Scotch Pine, of northern Europe, which resembles P. resinosa Ait. in having two needles to each sheath and unarmed cone-scales, is much planted for ornament and has become established on the coasts of Maine and Massachusetts.