This section is from the book "An Illustrated Flora Of The Northern United States, Canada And The British Possessions Vol1", by Nathaniel Lord Britton, Addison Brown. Also available from Amazon: An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 Volume Set..
Characters of the family. [Greek, referring to the ribbon-like leaves.]
About 22 species, of temperate and cold regions. Besides the following, 3 others occur in western North America. Type species: Sparganium erectum L.
Achenes broadly obovoid or cuneate-obpyramidal, sessile, distinctly beaked; inflorescence com- | ||
pound; fruiting heads i0"-i5" in diameter. | 1. | S. eurycarpum. |
Achenes fusiform (in S. minimum somewhat obovoid, but short-beaked and short-stipitate). | ||
Stipe and beak of the achene each 1" long or more; fruiting heads 7 1/2" in diameter or more; anthers 3-4 times as long as broad. | ||
Beaks straight or slightly curved; stigmas linear. | ||
Heads all axillary; beak shorter than the body of the achene; leaves keeled. | ||
Achenes dull; stigmas 1" long or less. | ||
Inflorescence branched, the branches geniculate, bearing 3-7 staminate heads. | ||
2. | S. androcladum. | |
Inflorescence simple, or, if branched, the branches strict and bearing 0-2 stami- | ||
nate heads. | 3- | S. atnericanutn. |
Achenes glossy; stigmas 1 1/4"- 1 3/4" long- | 4. | S. lucidum. |
Heads, at least some of them, supra-axillary. | ||
Leaves, at least the middle ones, strongly triangular-keeled; stem usually erect, strict. | ||
Fruiting heads over 10" in diameter; leaves broad; bracts ascending-spreading; beak fully as long as the body of the achene. | ||
Leaves 3 1/2"-7 1/2" wide, strongly veined; fruiting heads about 15" in diameter; achenes brown, shining, each gradually tapering into the beak. | ||
5. | S. simplex. | |
Leaves 1 1/2"-4" wide, weakly veined; fruiting heads 10"-12l/2" in diameter; achenes green, dull, each abruptly contracted into the beak. | ||
6. | S. chlorocarpum. | |
Fruiting heads rarely 10" in diameter; leaves narrow; bracts almost erect. | ||
Heads distant, nearly 10" in diameter; achenes grayish-brown, distinctly | ||
nerved. | 7. | S. diversi folium. |
Heads approximate, about 7 1/2" in diameter; achenes dark olive-brown, not | ||
nerved. | 8. | S. acaule. |
Leaves not keeled, or only slightly so, narrow and slender; stem weak and often floating; beak decidedly shorter than the body of the achene. | ||
Leaves usually 2 1/2-5" wide; leaves and bracts conspicuously scarious-margined; fruiting heads 8 1/2"-10" in diameter; achenes gradually beaked. | ||
9. | S. multipedunculatum. | |
Leaves 1 1/2"-2" wide; leaves and bracts not conspicuously scarious-margined; fruiting heads about 7 1/2" in diameter; achenes abruptly beaked. | ||
10. | S. angustifoliutn. |
♦Text revised by Dr. John Kunkel Small.
Beaks gladiate-curved; stigma short oblong. | 11. | S. | fluctuans. |
Stipe and beak of the achene short or none, always less than 1/2" long; fruiting heads about 5" in diameter; stigmas oblong; anthers 1 1/2-2. times as long as broad. | |||
Heads all sessile, or the lowest short-pedicelled, axillary; the staminate head distant from | |||
the pistillate ones; achenes short-beaked. | 13. | S. | minimum. |
Lower pistillate heads distinctly pedicelled and supra-axillary; the staminate head close to |
the upper pistillate one. | 12. | S.. | hyperboreum. |
 
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