57. Carex Sychnocephala Carey. Dense Long-Beaked Sedge

Fig. 924

C. sychnocephala Carey, Am. Journ. Sci. (II.) 4: 24. 1847.

Culms erect, obtusely triangular, stoutish, smooth, 3'-18' high. Leaves 3/4"-2" wide, usually shorter than the culm; lower bracts similar to the leaves, much elongated, 3'-12' long, 1"-2 1/2" wide, nearly erect; spikes 4-15, greenish or straw-colored, oblong, densely many-flowered, the larger 4"-6" long, 2$' -3 1/2" wide, aggregated and confluent into an oblong or ovoid head 1 1/4' or less long; perigynia subulate, substipitate, the margin at base nearly obsolete, 2 1/2"-3" long, scarcely i" wide at the base, distended over achene, tapering into a subulate rough 2-toothed beak 2-3 times as long as the few-nerved body; scales linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, hyaline, much shorter and rather narrower than the perigynia.

In meadows and thickets. Ontario and central New York to Iowa and British Columbia. July-Aug.

58. Carex Oronensis Fernald. Orono Sedge

Fig. 925

C. oronensis Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 37: 471. 1902.

Culms erect, triangular, roughened above, slender, 20-40' high, in loose clumps. Leaves 1 1/4"-2" wide, shorter than culm; lower one or two bracts usually developed, but inconspicuous; spikes 3-9, dark brownish, blunt, densely many-flowered, obovoid-oblong, 2 1/2"-4 1/2" long, 2"-3" wide, loosely aggregated in an oblong or linear-oblong head io"-i5" long and 2 1/2"-6" thick; perigynia erect-ascending, subulate, the margin at base nearly obsolete, rounded at base, 2"-2 1/4" long, 1/2"-3/4" wide at base, distended over achene, tapering into a narrow rough 2-toothed beak shorter than the lightly nerved body; scales dark brown with lighter midrib and hyaline margins, about as wide and long as the perigynia.

Dry open places, Orono and Bangor, Maine. June-July.

59. Carex Crawfordii Fernald. Crawford's Sedge

Fig. 926

C. scoparia var. minor Boott, 111. Car. 3: 116. pl. 369. 1862. C. Crawfordii Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 37: 469. 1902. C. Crawfordii var. rigens Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 37: 470. 1902.

Culms erect, acutely triangular and somewhat roughened above, slender but stiff, 5-24' high, in dense clumps. Leaves 1/2"-1 1/2" wide, shorter than the culm; lower one or two bracts usually developed, but inconspicuous, shorter than head; spikes 3-12, light brownish, blunt, densely many-flowered, oblong, 2 1/2"-5 1/2" long, 1 1/2"-2 1/2" wide, rather closely aggregated into an ovoid to linear-oblong head usually 6"-13" long and 2"- 4." wide; perigynia erect-ascending, subulate, the margin at base nearly obsolete, rounded at base, 2" long, about i" wide at the base, distended over achene, tapering into a narrow rough 2-toothed beak, shorter than the obscurely nerved body; scales lanceolate, acute or acuminate, light brown, dull, about as wide as but a little shorter than the perigynia; stigmas 2.

In open places, Newfoundland to British Columbia, Connecticut, Michigan and Washington. June-Sept.