63. Carex Projecta Mackenzie. Necklace Sedge

Fig. 930

C. tribuloidcs var. reducta Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. 22:

148. 1886.

C. tribuloidcs moniliformis Britton; Brit. & Br. 111. Fl.

1: 356. 1896. C. projecta Mackenzie. Bull. Torr. Club 35: 264. 1908.

Culms erect, triangular and roughened above, slender and weak, 1 1/2°-3° high, in large clumps. Sterile culms leafy; leaves with long loose sheaths, blades 1 1/2"-3 1/2" wide, shorter than culm; lower bracts inconspicuous; spikes 8-15, straw-colored, with 15-30 perigynia, suborbicular, blunt, clavate at base, 2 1/2"-4" long, nearly as wide, alternately and usually loosely arranged and forming a slender flexuous head 1'-2' long; perigynia ascending-spreading with divergent beaks, lanceolate, wing-margined to the round-tapering base, 1 1/2"-2 1/2" long, 3/4" wide at base, distended over achene, tapering into a rough 2-toothed beak, shorter than the nerved body; scales ovate-lanceolate, obtuse to acutish, straw-colored, narrower and shorter than the perigynia; achene 3/4" long.

Damp soil. Nova Scotia to North Dakota, south to District of Columbia and Illinois. May-July.

64. Carex Muskingumensis Schwein. Muskingum Sedge

Fig. 931

Carex muskingumensii Schwein. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1: 66. 1824. Carex arida Schwein. & Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1: 312. 1825.

Culm stout, stiff, erect, rough above, 2°-3° tall. Leaves flat, long-pointed, 1 1/2"-2 1/2" wide, subcordate at base, shorter than the fertile culms, those of sterile culms very numerous, crowded near the summit, somewhat distichous; bracts very short and scale-like; spikes 5-12, oblong-cylindric, densely many-flowered, 7 1/2"-13" long, 2 1/2'-3 1/2" in diameter, erect, approximate, pale brown, narrowed and staminate at the base; perigynia narrowly lanceolate, closely appressed, 3 1/2"-5" long and 1 1/4" wide, strongly several-nerved, very flat, narrowed to both ends, scarious-raargined, rough-ciliate. the beak strongly bidentate; scales ovate-lanceolate, ohtusish or acute, about one-half as long as the perigynia; achene linear-oblong, 1 1/4" long; stigmas 2.

In moist woods and thickets, Ohio to Manitoba, Missouri and eastern Kansas. June-Aug.

65. Carex Bebbii Olney. Bcbb's Sedge

Fig. 932

C. tribuloides var. Bebbii Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club 1:55.

1889. C. Bebbii Olney; Bailey, Bot. Gaz. 10: 379. 1885.

Culms erect, acutely triangular and roughened above, rather slender, 8'-2i° high, in dense clumps. Leaves 1"-21/4" wide, shorter than the culm; lower one or two bracts usually developed but inconspicuous; spikes usually 5-10, brownish-tinged, blunt, densely many-flowered, subglobose to broadly ovoid, 2"-4 1/2" long, 1 1/2-3" wide, aggregated into an oblong or linear-oblong head 7"-14" long, 4"-6" thick; perigynia ascending, narrowly ovate, wing-margined to the rounded base, 1 1/2"-2" long, 3/4" - 1 . wide at base, distended over achene, tapering into a rough 2-toothed beak, less than half length of the obscurely nerved body; scales oblong-ovate, acute or short-acuminate, brownish, nearly as wide as but shorter than perigynia; stigmas 2.

In low grounds, Newfoundland to British Columbia and northward, southward to New Jersey, Illinois and Colorado. June-August.