203. Carex Trichocarpa Muhl. Hairy-Fruited Sedge

Fig. 1070

Carex trichocarpa Muhl.; Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 302. 1805. Carex trichocarpa var. turbinata Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. 11:

159. 1826. Carex laeviconica Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. 24: 47. 1857. Carex trichocarpa var. imberbis A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 597. ~ 1867.

Carex trichocarpa var. Deweyi Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. 10: 293. 1885.

Culm usually stout and tall, 2°-4° high, smooth below, very rough above. Leaves elongated, glabrous, rough-margined, 1 1/2"-3" wide, the upper ones and the similar bracts commonly overtopping the culm; staminate spikes 2-6, long-stalked; pistillate spikes 2-4, cylindric, densely flowered except at the base, 1'-4' long, 5"-8" in diameter, the upper sessile or nearly so and erect, the lower slender-stalked; perigynia ovoid, pubescent or glabrous, prominently many-ribbed, 4" - 5' long, 1 1/2"-2" in diameter, tapering gradually into the stout conspicuously 2-toothed beak, the teeth erect or somewhat spreading, 1" long; scales hyaline, acute to aristate, about one-half as long as the perigynia; stigmas 3.

In marshes and wet meadows, Quebec and Vermont to Oregon, south to Georgia, Missouri and Kansas. June-Aug.

204. Carex Atherodes Spreng. Awned Sedge.

Fig. 1071

Carex aristata R. Br. Frank. Journ. 751. 1823. Not Houck. 1792. Carex atherodes Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 828. 1826. Carex trichocarpa var. aristata Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz.

10: 294. 1885.

Culms stout, erect, smooth, or roughish above, sharp-angled, 2°-5° tall. Leaves elongated, 2 1/2"-6" wide, more or less scabrous, often pubescent beneath and on the sheaths; bracts similar, the lower often overtopping the culm; staminate spikes as in the preceding species; pistillate spikes 3-5, remote, cylindric, sessile or the lower short-stalked, loosely flowered at the base, dense above, 1 1/2'-4' long, sometimes 8" in diameter; perigynia ascending, lanceolate or ovoid-lanceolate, glabrous, conspicuously many-ribbed, 4"-6" long, gradually tapering into the conspicuously 2-toothed beak, the teeth widely spreading, l"-2' long; scales oblong-lanceolate, strongly rough-awned, thin-margined, one-half to two-thirds as long as the perigynia; stigmas 3.

In bogs, Ontario to British Columbia, south to New York, Missouri, Kansas, Utah and Oregon. Also in Europe and Asia. June-Aug.

205. Carex Hirta L. Hairy Or Hammer Sedge

Fig. 1072

Carex hirta L. Sp. PI. 975. 1753-

Rootstocks extensively creeping, culms rather slender, erect, nearly smooth, 6'-2° tall. Leaves flat, pubescent, especially on the sheaths, rough, 1"-2 1/2" wide, the basal ones much elongated, often exceeding the culm, the upper and the similar bracts shorter; staminate spikes 2 or 3, stalked, their scales ciliate; pistillate spikes 2 or 3, widely separate, erect, oblong-cylindric, 7"-18" long, 3"-4" in diameter, rather loosely 10-many-flowered; perigynia oblong-ovoid, green, ascending, densely pubescent, 1 1/4" in diameter, 2 1/2-4" long, few-ribbed, tapering into a stout prominently 2-toothed beak, the teeth often as long as the beak; scales membranous, lanceolate, aristate, 3-nerved, somewhat shorter than the perigynia; stigmas 3.

In fields and waste places, Massachusetts to New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Locally naturalized or ad-ventive from Europe. Carnation- or Goose-grass. June-Sept.