This section is from the book "An Illustrated Flora Of The Northern United States, Canada And The British Possessions Vol1", by Nathaniel Lord Britton, Addison Brown. Also available from Amazon: An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 Volume Set..
Grasses varying greatly in habit and inflorescence. Leaf-blades narrow, often involute-setaceous. Spikelets narrow, 1-flowered. Scales 3, narrow, the two outer carinate; the third rigid and convolute, bearing three awns occasionally united at the base, the lateral awns rarely wanting or reduced to rudiments. Palet 2-nerved. Stamens 3. Styles distinct. Stigmas plumose. Grain free, tightly enclosed in the scale. [Latin, from arista, an awn.]
About 120 species, in the warmer regions of both hemispheres. The English name Three-awned Grass is applied to all the species. Type species: Aristida adscensionis L.
Awns not articulated to the scale. | ||
Central awn coiled at the base. | ||
First scale usually equalling or sometimes slightly shorter than the second scale, which is | ||
commonly 3 1/2"-4 1/2" long. | 1. | A. dichotoma. |
First scale much shorter than the second (often but little more than l/2 as long), which is 5"-8" long. | ||
Lateral awns short, straight and erect, 1/2"-1" long, the central awn usually more than | ||
five times their length, its straight portion 2l/2"-4" long. | 2. | A. Curtissii. |
Lateral awns more or less spreading, usually a little spiral at the base, the central awn | ||
from 1/2 again to twice their lenth, its straight portion s"-8" long. | 3. | A. basiramea. |
Central awn not coiled of the base. | ||
Panicle narrow, linear to oblong, branches short (or long in no. 13), erect or ascending. | ||
Central awns and sometimes the lateral ones also stronlgy reflexed, the bend semicircular. | ||
4. | A. ramosissima. | |
Central awn from erect to spreading with no such bend at the base. | ||
First scale much shorter than the second, usually about 1/2 as long. | ||
Spikelets crowded, 4 - 6 on the short branches, which are spikelet-bearing to the | ||
base or nearly so. | 5. | A. fasciculata. |
Spikelets not crowded, usually 1-3 on branches naked at the base. | ||
Second scale of spikelet 8" long or less, equalling or exceeding flowering scale. | ||
Panicle simple or nearly so, its branches bearing 1 spikelet; culms com- | ||
monly naked above. | 6. | A. Fendleriana. |
Panicle compound, its branches bearing 2 or more spikelets; culms usually | ||
leafy. | 7. | A. Wrightii. |
Second scale of the spikelet 10" long or more, 1 1/2-2 times as long as the | ||
flowering scale. | 8. | A. longiseta. |
First scale from a little shorter than to exceeding the second. | ||
Spikelets exceeding 10" long; first scale 5-7-nerved. | 9. | A. oligantha. |
Spikelets less than 8" long; first scale 1-3-nerved. | ||
Leaf-sheaths glabrous or sparsely pubescent. | ||
First scale generally shorter than or equalling the second. | ||
Flowering scale 2l/2"-2" long, its central awn usually 3"-5" long. | ||
10. | A. gracilis. | |
Flowering scale 3 1/2"-4 1/2" long, its central awn exceeding in length. | ||
11. | A. intermedia. | |
First scale exceeding the second. | 12. | A. purpurascens. |
Leaf-sheaths, at least the lower ones, densely wooly. | 13. | A. lanosa. |
Panicle diffuse and open, the branches very long and widely spreading. | 14. | A. divaricata. |
Awns articulated to the scale, united at the base into a spiral column. | ||
Column conspicuous, 3" long or more. | 15. | A. tuberculosa. |
Column inconspicuous, 1" long or less. | 16. | A. desmantha. |
 
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