This section is from the book "The American Woman's Cook Book", by Ruth Berolzheimer. Also available from Amazon: The Domestic Arts Edition of the American Woman's Cook Book.
Roots, stems, leaves, buds, seeds and fruits of plants used as food are called vegetables. They classify as follows:
Roots - Beets, carrots, parsnips, turnips, salsify, radishes, horseradish, rutabagas, celeriac, sweet potatoes, yams, cassava.
Stems - Enlarged underground stems called tubers: Irish potatoes and Jerusalem artichokes, dasheen or taro, yautia, kohlrabi, fennel.
Stem and Bud - Asparagus.
Bulbs - Onions (green, called scallions), leek, garlic, shallot.
Leaf Stalks - Celery, rhubarb.
Leaves - Lettuce, endive, spinach, romaine, watercress, chard, chives, chicory, tops of beets, turnips, dandelion, fennel, mustard, dill, and parsley, escarole, Chinese cabbage, collards, kale.
Buds - Cabbage (terminal), Brussels sprouts (axillary).
Flowering Heads - Cauliflower, French artichoke, broccoli.
Fruit - Cucumbers, squash, eggplant, peppers, okra, pumpkin, tomatoes, string beans, green peas, green corn, vegetable marrow, zucchini, chayote, Lima beans.
Seeds - Peas, beans, lentils, corn, rice, Lima beans, soybeans, grains, cereals.
Fungi - Mushrooms, truffles.
 
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