An organic acid, (HC7H502) =C H5.COOH, obtained from benzoin, by sublimation, or prepared artificially.

Properties : Benzoic acid occurs as colorless or almost colorless, lustrous scales or needles having an odor resembling benzoin when obtained from the latter, and a pungent, acid taste. It is only slightly soluble in water (1:281), but is soluble in alcohol (1:1.8). It reacts with alkali hydroxids, and carbonates to form water-soluble benzoates.

Action and Uses: Benzoic acid is a mild antiseptic and diuretic. It is excreted in the urine in the form of hippuric acid (benzoyl glycocoll). Clinically it is of little value.

Dosage: 0.5 gm. or 7½ grains. It is preferably dispensed in the form of powder and may be enclosed, dry, in capsules or cachets. It is more frequently used in the form of soluble compounds (see Sodii Benzoas).