Acacia

See Gum Arabic.

Acetate of Ammonia Solution

Spirit of Mindererus. Diaphoretic and diuretic. It is also regarded as antiseptic. Dose, for horses and cattle, from 5 to 10 oz. For smaller animals, from 5 to 10 dr. Externally, in strains, ophthalmia, etc.

Acetate of Copper

See Verdigris and Copper.

Acetate of Lead

Astringent and sedative; in doses of 30 to 40 grains with opium, in internal hemorrhage, chronic diabetes, and diarrhoea; but chiefly used externally, in cooling lotions, eye-waters, ointments, etc. (For Diacetate of Lead, see Goulard's Extract.) As antidotes for an overdose, give Epsom or Glauber's Salts, with opiates if required.

Acetate of Potash

Diuretic and cooling; dose for horses and cattle, 2 oz. In much larger doses it is a laxative, but not to be depended on.

Acetate of Soda

Similar in properties and uses to Acetate of Potash.

Acetic Acid

Strong acetic (or pyroligneous) acid acts as a rubefacient and caustic, but is rarely employed for this purpose. In the weaker forms of common or distilled vinegar, or diluted wood vinegar, it is frequently used. See Vinegar.

Acids

See Muriatic Acid, Nitric Acid, Prussic Acid, Sulphuric Acid, etc.

Acupuncturation

Used in some spasmodic and paralytic affections.

Aegyptiacum

A preparation of verdigris and honey. A mild caustic, used as a local application to ulcers of the mouth, running thrush, grease, etc. Internally poisonous.

Aether

See Ether.

Alcohol

Poisonous to all animals - 2 drachms will kill a dog. See Spirits, Ardent.

Allspice

Pimento. A useful stimulant and carminative; used in cordial halls and drinks, and to correct the action of purgatives. Dose for horses, 2 to 4 dr.; cattle, 1/2 oz. to 1 oz. Dose of the Tincture, 4 ounces, in gripes.

Alum

Astringent and styptic. Given in doses of 2 to 4 dr. to horses in diabetes and diarrhoea; but Bourgelat says that its too frequent use induces a phthisical condition. A dose of alum whey, consisting of 2 dr. of the powder in a pint of hot milk, may be given after excessive purging. Cattle require from 2 to 6 or 8 drachms in diabetes and red water; and from 2 to 4 oz. are given to cows to dry their milk. To calves and lambs it is given in dr. doses, in warm milk, for diarrhoea, etc. Dogs, 10 to 15 gr. Externally it is applied to cracked and greasy heels, joint wounds, sore mouths, inflammation of the eye, chronic discharges from the nostrils, and to arrest bleeding from wounds. Burnt alum is more powerful, and is used as a mild caustic, mixed with honey, to fungous growths, sore mouths, etc.