1. To a frog administer by anterior lymph sac 0.010 Gm. Atropine Sulphate. Observe respiration and reflexes in comparison with a frog of equal weight and condition similarly drugged one hour previously.

2. Expose the heart of a pithed frog. Secure a normal cardiac tracing, one as affected by weak stimulation of the vagus, and another as affected by stimulation of the sinus venosus. Apply Atropine Sulphate solution, 0.1%, continuing the record. After a few minutes, apply the weak current as before, noting any variation from the preceding graph. How may these variations be explained?

3. Take two cats of equal weight and condition. Obtain their heart-rates and respirations, and note the size and condition of their pupils. To each administer 0.04 mg. x kg. Atropine Sulphate giving it by stomach to one, and hypodermically to the other. Make careful comparative observations for 2 to 3 hours.

4. Etherize a cat, arrange connections for registering circulatory and respiratory phenomena. Secure ether norms, and records resulting from stimulating vagus with minimal induced electric currents. Into jugular vein slowly inject 0.05 mg. x kg. Atropine Sulphate, making continuous tracings in the meanwhile. When a pronounced effect is apparent, again stimulate the vagi with the same strength current as before. What results?

Continue injection of Atropine Solution until death ensues, noting all important phenomena.

5. On two students of similar weight and condition secure normals of pulse-rate, respiration, blood-pressure, temperature, and pupil. To one administer 0.8 mg. Atropine Sulphate in solution by mouth; to the other, 1 mil Tincture Belladonna (=0.3 mg. total alkaloids). Make comparative observations of all systems for the next two hours.

6. Take 2 rabbits of equal weight and condition. Hypodermically administer to one 2 mg. x kg. Atropine Sulphate, to the other give 1.5 mg. x kg. Hyoscine (Scopolamine) Hydrobromide. Make critical comparison for the next 2 hours.

7. Try out a similar experiment on 2 students of approximate weight and condition, using 0.5 mg. (per total weight) Atropine Sulphate, and 0.8 mg. Hyoscine Hydrobromide.

8. In the hospital assignment endeavor to ascertain any reactions, in various illnesses, reasonably due to the administration of Atropine.

9. In a brief resume summarize the evidences you have observed concerning the pharmacodynamics of Atropine. Cite from recent literature at least four studies of this drug; these may either seem to confirm or question your findings.

Experiment No. I. Atropine Experiments

Frog No. 1

Frog No. 2

Now

30 min.

60 min.

Now

30 min.

60 min.

Excitability

Cutan. sensibility

Examine both these frogs daily for one week. Respiration curve followed during laboratory period.

I 5 10 15 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 5 10 15 20 25 SO

Kymograph records:

Experiment No. 2

"Normal"

Vagus Stim.

Crescent Stim.

Pithed frog

Atropine frog

Experiment No 2 32

Experiment No. 3. Atropine Sulphate, 0.04 Mg. X Kg. To Cats

Pupil changes

N.

15'

30'

45'

60'

10'

20'

30'

40'

50'

60'

Cat No. 1

Cat No. 2

Experiment No 3 Atropine Sulphate 0 04 Mg X Kg To 33

Experiment No. 4

Graphs:

Experiment No 4 34

Experiment No. 5

Subject's initials or No..................................................................... Date........................................................................................_.

Age.................Sex................Height.................Weight.................... Medicine..................................................................................

Condition.................................................................................................... Dose........................................................................................_

Thermometer............................................................................................ How administered............................................................

Barometer................................................................................................... Remarks.................................................................................

Relative humidity................................................................................... Reporter..................................................................................

Experiment No. 5 (continued). What subjective symptoms are elicited?__________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Experiment No. 6. Hyoscine And Atropine Action Compared. Rabbits

N.

15'

30'

45'

60'

15'

30'

45'

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A

H.

A.

H.

A.

Respiration

Heart-rate

Mental state

Pupil

Reflex excitability Light

Sound

Air currents

Induced shocks (standard)

Experiment No. 7. Hyoscine And Atropine Action Compared. Man

N.

15'

30'

45'

60'

15'

30'

45'

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

H.

A.

Respiration

Pulse-rate

Blood-pressure

Temperature

Mental state

Pupil

Tact. discrimination (forearm)

Light reflex

Sound reflex (Galton whis.)

Air currents

Induced shocks (constant)

Mucosa

Experiment No. 8

Briefly summarize your findings at the hospital:

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________