Preparation. - (Unoff.): Elixir, 8.5 p. c, + dil. hydrobromic acid .4, + , dose, 5j-2 (4-8 Ml. (Cc.)).

Properties and Uses. - As a substitute for potassium bromide; hypnotic, sedative, in insomnia, hysteria, epilepsy; depresses heart less than potassium bromide.

Calcii Hypophosphis. Calcium Hypophosphite, Ca(PH2O2)2. - (Syn., Calc. Hypophos., Hypophosphis Calcicus, Hypophosphite of Lime; Fr. Hypophosphite de Chaux; Ger. Calcium hypophosphorosum, Calcaria Hypophosphorosa, Unterphosphorigsaurer Kalk.)

Manufacture: Heat together in a deep vessel milk of lime and phosphorus, when latter dissolved filter, evaporate filtrate to dryness on water-bath, or allow to crystallize - 3Ca(OH)2 + 8P + 6H2O = 3Ca-(PH2O2)2 + 2PH3 (inflammable phosphine). It is in colorless, transparent, monoclinic prisms, small lustrous scales, or white crystalline powder, odorless, nauseous, bitter taste, permanent, soluble in water

(6.5), insoluble in alcohol, when heated decrepitates and decomposes, giving off water and inflammable phosphine (hydrogen phosphide), and on complete ignition leaves residue (calcium pyrophosphate); contains 98 p. c. of the salt. Tests: 1. Aqueous solution (1 in 20) acidulated with a few drops of hydrochloric acid, with agitation, + mercuric chloride T. S. - white precipitate (mercurous chloride), becoming gray (reduced to metallic mercury) upon the further addition of aqueous solution. 2. Aqueous solution + ammonium oxalate T. S. - white precipitate, insoluble in acetic acid, soluble in hydrochloric acid. Impurities: Heavy metals, arsenic, phosphate. Should be kept in well-closed containers, and dispensed with caution, as an explosion is liable to occur when triturated or heated with nitrates, chlorates, or other oxidizing agents. Dose, gr. 5-30 (.3-2 Gm.).

Preparations. - 1. Syrupus Hypophosphitum, 4.5 p. c.

Unoff. Preps.: Elixir Hypophosphitum - calcium hypophosphite 5.25 p. c, + sodium hypophosphite 1.75, potassium hypophosphite 1.75, hypophosphorous acid .4, +. Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri-calcium hypophosphite 1.75 p. c, sodium hypophosphite 1.75, potassium hypophosphite .875, ferric hypophosphite .875, potassium citrate 1.1, hypophosphorous acid .4, +. Elixir Calcii Hypophosphites, 3.5 p. c, + hypophosphorous acid .4, + Syrup, 3.5 p. c, + hypophosphorous acid .15, +. Syrupus Calcii et Sodii Hypophosphitum, 3.5 p. c, + sodium hypophosphite 3.5, hypophosphorous acid .15, +.

Properties and Uses. - Stimulant to nervous system, chronic phthisis, 'scrofulous diseases, caries, chlorosis, menorrhagia, fractures, rickets, Pott's disease; possibly in the stomach converted into phosphate and absorbed as lactophosphate. In pharmacy this salt is the base of all the other hypophosphites, along with which it often is prescribed.

Calcii Lactas. Calcium Lactate, Ca(C3H5O3)2 + 5H2O. - (Syn., Calc. Lact.; Fr. Lactate de chaux purifie; Ger. Calciumlactat, Milch-saurer Kalk.)

Manufacture: Neutralize hot dilute solution of lactic acid with calcium carbonate, filter, set aside to crystallize; also largely an intermediate product in preparing lactic acid. It is in white, granular masses or powder, odorless, nearly tasteless, somewhat efflorescent, anhydrous at 120° C. (248° F.), losing 25-29.2 p. c, correspond into 5 molecules of water of crystallization, soluble in water (20), almost insoluble in alcohol; aqueous solution (1 in 20) neutral, slightly acid or alkaline; this hydrated form contains 98 p. c. of the salt. Tests: 1. Acidulate aqueous solution (1 in 20) with sulphuric acid, + potassium permanganate, heat - odor of acetaldehyde. 2. Aqueous solution + ammonium oxalate T. S. - white precipitate, insoluble in acetic acid, soluble in hydrochloric acid. Should be kept in well-closed containers. Dose, gr. 3-10 (.2-.6 Gm.).

Preparation. - 1. Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis. Syrup of Calcium Lactophosphate. (Syn., Syr. Calc. Lactophos.; Fr. Sirop de

Lactophosphate (Phospholactate) de Chaux; Ger. Calciumphospho-lagtatsirup.)

Manufacture: Mix lactic acid 6 Ml. (Cc.) with distilled water 10 Ml. (Cc.), gradually add precipitated calcium carbonate 2.5 Gm., stirring until dissolved; add phosphoric acid 3.6 Ml. (Cc.) previously diluted with distilled water 5 Ml. (Cc), stir until precipitate first formed is dissolved, add distilled water 10 Ml. (Cc), filter, add stronger orange flower water 5 Ml. (Cc), glycerin 5 Ml. (Cc), in this dissolve, by agitation, sugar 65 Gm., add distilled water q. s. 100 Ml. (Cc), strain. Dose, 3ij-4 (8-15 Ml. (Cc)).

Unoff. Preps.: Elixir - precip. calcium carbonate 1 p. c, + lactic acid 3, phosphoric acid 1.5, +. Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis et Ferri - ferrous lactate .85 p. c, + potassium citrate .85, water 6.25, syrup of calcium lactophosphate q. s. 100, dose, 3j_2 (4-8 Ml. (Cc.)).

Properties and Uses. - Contains calcium in an absorbable form, and usually is combined with calcium carbonate, phosphate, or iron lactate; substitute for calcium chloride. Rachitis, scrofula, etc.; syrup of calcium lactophosphate; most palatable form - also thought to increase the coagulability of the blood.

Allied Salts:

1. Calcii Phosphas Prcecipitatus. Precipitated Calcium Phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2, official 1860-1910. - Obtained by dissolving bone-ash (bone calcined to whiteness in fine powder) in dilute hydrochloric acid, forming acid calcium phosphate, and calcium chloride in solution, which is poured into dilute ammonia water in excess - Ca3(PO4)2 + 4HC1 = Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaCl2; Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaCl2 + 4NH4OH = Ca3(PO4)2 + 4NH4C1 + 4H2O; a purer salt is made thus - 2Na2HPO4 + 3CaCla + 2NH4OH = Ca3(PO4)2 + 4NaCl + 2NH4C1 + 2H2O. It is a bulky, white, amorphous powder, colorless, tasteless, permanent, insoluble in alcohol, almost so in water, acetic acid; partly decomposed by boiling water as it dissolves out the acid salt, soluble in hydrochloric or nitric acid; contains 99 p. c. of pure salt. Defective nutrition, rickets (mollities ossium), scrofula, phthisis, fractures, night-sweats; in pharmacy, owing to insolubility in water, as a substitute for magnesium carbonate in making medicated waters, clarifying mixtures, etc. Dose, gr. 5-30 (.3-2 Gm.); Syrupus Calcii Hydrochlorophosphatis, 1 75 p. c., + tinct. of lemon peel 2, hydrochloric acid, water and syrup q. s., dose, 3j-2 (4-8 Ml. (Cc)).

2. Calcii Sulphas Exsiccatus. Dried Calcium Sulphate, CaSO4, official 1890-1910. - Obtained from the purer varieties of gypsum, CaSO4 + 2H2O, by carefully heating at 105° C. (221° P.) until three-fourths of water expelled - CaSO4 + 2H2O = CaSO4. It is a fine, white powder, odorless, tasteless, exposed to moist air absorbs water, becoming granular and losing the property of hardening with water; mixed with half-weight of water forms a smooth paste which hardens rapidly, soluble in water (378), readily in diluted nitric or hydrochloric acid, saturated solution of potassium nitrate, sodium thiosulphate, ammonium salts, insoluble in alcohol; contains 95 p. c. of pure salt, and 5 p. c. of water. Not used internally; chiefly by surgeons for mechanical purposes - casts, supports, etc., to immobilize injured or diseased parts, fractures; Pott's disease (spinal), lateral curvature, deformities of ankle- and knee-joints; fix bandages in amputation, dental surgery - oral impressions, molds for interdental splints, etc. Should be kept carefully protected from moisture, in well-closed containers.

3. Calcis Carbonas. Carbonate of Lime. - Formerly official under two forms, viz.: 1. Calcis Carbonas Darns (hard), Marmor, Marble, official 1830-1880; also called "native white granular carbonate of lime." 2. Calcis Carbonas Mollis (soft), Creta, Chalk, official 1830-1880; also called "native friable carbonate of lime."

4. Calcii Lactophosphas. Calcium Lactophosphate. - A mixture in variable proportions of calcium lactate, calcium acid lactate, calcium acid phosphate. It is in white granules, or white powder, odorless, soluble in water, almost insoluble in alcohol. Dose, gr. 5-15 (.3-1 Gm.).