Properties and Uses. - For the same purposes as creosote, but is less valuable, it is also less irritating to the intestinal canal and kidneys; phthisis, external tubercle, lupus, cough, expectoration, antiseptic. The benzoate splits in the system into guaiacol and benzoic acid, and so possibly do the others separate into their original components; the cinnnamate is useful in gleet, vesical catarrh, diarrhoea.

Eug-enol. Eugenol. Eugenic Acid, C10H12O2 - (Official.) See page 418.

Eugenol Acetamide, C10H11O2,COCH2NH2.

Manufacture: Act on chloracetic acid with the sodium salt of euge-nol, producing eugenol acetic acid; this being changed to the ethyl-ester is treated with alcoholic ammonia, giving thus the amide. It crystallizes in fine needles, melts at 110° C. (230° F.).

Properties and Uses. - Anaesthetic, antiseptic, similar to cocaine; dentistry, etc.

Resorcinol. Resorcinol. - Resorcinum, Resorcin, Meta-di-hydroxy-benzene. (Official.) See page 857.

Thioresorcin.

Manufacture: Heat resorcin (1), sodium hydroxide (3), and sulphur (3) with water until solution effected, acidify the solution to get floc-culent precipitate, dry. It is a yellowish amorphous powder, soluble in alkalies, carbonates, and sulphides, insoluble in ordinary reagents.

Properties and Uses. - Antiseptic, similar but inferior to iodoform.

Hydroquinone. Hydrochinone. Quinol. - Hydroquinol, Para-di-hydroxy-benzene.

Manufacture: Oxidize aniline with potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid, then reduce the resulting quinone (C6H4O2) with acid sodium sulphite (sulphurous acid). It crystallizes from water in hexagonal prisms, which heated sublime undecomposed; soluble in alcohol, ether, hot water, slightly in cold water, melts at 169° C. (336° F.), it reduces AgNO3 solution on warming, and Fehling's solution at ordinary temperature. Dose, gr. 10-20 (.6 - 1.3 Gm.).

Properties and Uses. - Antipyretic, antiseptic; fevers of phthisis and pneumonia.

Pyrog-allol. Pyrogallic Acid. - Tri-hydroxy-benzene, C6H6O3. (Official.) See page 153.

9. Benzene Derivatives containing Nitrogen. Amido

Derivatives.

The best known amine of this series is aniline, C6H5NH2. In ani-line the ammonia residue, NH2, replaces 1 of the hydrogen atoms in benzene (C6H6); these hydrogen atoms in NH2 may be replaced by hydrocarbon or acid residues.

Formanilide. Formanilidum. - Phenylformamide.

Manufacture: Distil a mixture of aniline and oxalic acid (formic acid) - C6H5HN2 + H2C2O4 = C6H6NHCOH + CO2 + H2O. It is in colorless prismatic needles or crystals, soluble in alcohol, partially in water, melts at 46° C. (115° F.), diluted acids decompose it into aniline and formic acid. Dose, gr. 2-5 (.13-3 Gm.).

Properties and Uses. - Antipyretic, antineuralgic, analgesic.

Acetanilidum. Acetanilid. - Antifebrin, C8H9NO. (Official.) See page 804.

Antisepsin. Asepsin. - Acetbromanilid, Para brom-acetanilid.

Manufacture: To a solution of acetanilid in acetic acid add bromine. The product is purified by crystallization from alcohol. It is in colorless, monoclinic prisms, soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water, melts at 166° C. (331° F.). The ortho-compound is more soluble in alcohol, melts at 99° C. (210° F.). Dose, gr. 3-8 (.2-.5 Gm.), ter die.

Properties and Uses. - Antiseptic, antipyretic, analgesic; typhoid fever, pneumonia, phthisis; locally to wounds, bites.

Iodoacetanilid. Iodoantifebrin. - Para-iodo-acetanilid.

Manufacture: Heat together acetic acid and para-iodo-aniline. It is in colorless, rhombic tablets, odorless, tasteless, soluble in alcohol, acetic acid, hot water, slightly in cold water, melts at 181° C. (358° F.). Dose, gr. 1-5 (.06-.3 Gm.).

Properties and Uses. - Antipyretic, analgesic, anodyne.

Methylacetanilid. Methylacetanilidum. - Exalgine, Methyl-phenyl-acetamide, Acetmethyl-anilid.

Manufacture: Act on mono-methyl-aniline

with acetylchlonde. Methylacetanihd is in needles, or in long, tablet-like crystals, soluble in alcohol, slightly so in water, melts at 102° C. (215° F.). Dose, gr. 1-5 (.06-.3 Gm.).

Properties and Uses. - Antineuralgic, analgesic, antiseptic; neuralgia, chorea, rheumatism, sciatica, superior to antipyrine.

Methacetin. Para-acetanisidin. - Para-oxy-methyl-acetanilid.

Manufacture: by the following steps:

(1) C6H5OH

Phenol.

(2)

Para-nitro-phenol.

(3)