2. Euphor'Bia Corolla'Ta, Flowering (Blooming) Spurge

Euphor'Bia Corolla'Ta, Flowering (Blooming) Spurge. The root official 1820-1880; S. United States. Perennial herb, .6-1 M. (2-3°) high; leaves lanceolate; flowers umbels, 5- (3-7-) forked, white; root many-headed, .5 M. (18') long, 5-25 Mm. (1/5-l') thick, blackish-brown, fissured, bark thick, white inside, sweet, bitter, acrid; contains glucoside, resin, euphorbon; yields milky juice when punctured. Used as diaphoretic (gr. 5; .3 Gm.), cathartic (gr. 10; .6 Gm.), emetic (gr. 20; 1.3 Gm.), expectorant (gr. 2-5; .13 - .3 Gm.), vesicant; in infusion, decoction.

3. E. Ipecacuan'hoe, Ipecac Spurge, Wild Ipecac. - The root, official 1820-1880; United States. Plant resembles preceding, being a green or purple perennial, 12.5-25 Cm. (5-10') high, stem forked from the base; leaves obovate, glabrous; flowers inconspicuous; fruit angled pod, smooth; seed white, dotted; root several-headed, .6 M. (2°) long, knotty, with stem-scars, 10 Mm. (2/5') thick, branched, brown, wrinkled, bark thick, white inside, sweet, bitter, acrid; constituents, properties, and uses similar to preceding. E. pilulif'era, Snake-weed, Cafs-hair, Australia, W. Indies; small, branching, wayside annual; acts directly upon the heart and respiration, sometimes causing death; used chiefly in asthma, chronic bronchitis. Dose, 3ss-l (2-4 Gm.), fluidextract (dil. alc).

4. Mallo'Tus Philippinen'Sis, Kamala, Rottlera

Mallo'Tus Philippinen'Sis, Kamala, Rottlera. The glands and hairs from the capsules, official 1860-1900; Philippine Islands, India, China. Small tree, 6 M. (20°) high; bark pale, branches with ferruginous tomentum; leaves 7.5-15 Cm. (3-6') long, petiolate, ovate, entire, coriaceous, glabrous, under side rusty; flowers dioecious, tomentous; fruit tricoccous, globular capsule, size of small cherry, externally 3-furrowed, covered with red powder. Glands and hairs (kamala) glandular, mobile, brick-red powder, inodorous, nearly tasteless; under microscope as stellately arranged colorless hairs mixed with depressed globular glands, containing numerous red club-shaped vesicles; burns like lycopodium, and ash should not be more than 4-8 p. c. Capsules when collected are rolled about in baskets, and rubbed with hands to remove glands and hairs, which in turn, passing through the meshes, are caught upon cloths; contain resins (2 - rottlerin, isorottlerin) 80 p. c, wax, coloring matter, albuminous matter 7 p. c, cellulose 7 p. c, ash 4 p. c. Taeniafuge (anthelmintic, purgative); tape-worm, sometimes for the round- and seat-worms; also externally in scabies, skin affections, herpetic ringworm. Next to male-fern for taenia, being better than kousso or turpentine. Adulterations: Powdered leaves, fruit-stalks, colored starch, earth, sand, in all sometimes 60 p. c. - increasing ash 65-75 p. c. Dose, 3 j-2 (4-8 Gm.); fluidextract, 3j-2 (4-8 Ml. (Cc.)); tincture, 30 p. c. (alcoholic), 3j-4 (4-15 Ml. (Cc.)); electuary; syrup; mucilage.

Fig. 244. - Kamala: magnified 190 diam.