5. Monar'Du Puncta'Ta, Horse-Mint

Monar'Du Puncta'Ta, Horse-Mint. The leaves and tops, official 1820-1880; United States. Perennial, .6-1 M. (2-3°) high, stem branched, downy, leaves 5-7.5 Cm. (2-3') long, lanceolate, serrate, punctate, flowers yellow, spotted red with pinkish bracts, downy, calyx 5-toothed, aromatic, pungent, bitter; contains volatile oil. Used as carminative, stimulant, emmenagogue, nervine, diaphoretic, diuretic; flatulent colic, nausea, rheumatism, neuralgia, diarrhoea; in infusion. Dose, gr. 15-60 (1-4 Gm.). Oleum Monardoe (volatile oil), official 1820-1880, is yellowish or reddish, sp. gr. 0.930; contains terpene, C10H16, 50 p. c, thymol (monardin), C10H14O, 25-61 p. c, also alcohol, C10H18O, and its acetic, butyric, and formic esters.

6. Hedeo'Ma Pulegioi'Des, (American) Pennyroyal

Hedeo'Ma Pulegioi'Des, (American) Pennyroyal. The dried leaves and flowering tops, official 1830-1910; N. America, sandy fields, hills, open woods, scenting the atmosphere. Annual herb; stem 25-37.5 Cm. (10-15') high, quadrangular, pubescent, branched; root fibrous, yellowish. Leaves opposite, 15-35 Mm. (3/5-1 2/5')

Fig. 335. - Melissa officinalis: flower and corolla, magnified.

Fig. 336. - Melissa officinalis: leaf.

long, thin, obtuse, obscurely serrate, glandular-hairy beneath, petiolate; flowers, axillary fascicles; calyx tubular, 5-toothed, bilabiate; corolla pale blue, spotted, bilabiate, containing 2 sterile and 2 fertile stamens; odor strong, mint-like; taste aromatic, pungent; solvents: alcohol, boiling water partially; contains volatile oil 1 p. c, bitter principle, tannin. Stimulant, carminative, emmenagogue,aromatic; flatulent colic, nausea, indigestion, corrective to purgatives; hot infusion - diarrhoea, bronchitis, rheumatism, amenorrhoea (hot hip and foot baths); odor repulsive to fleas, mosquitoes, etc.; large doses, for suppressed catamenia or for inducing abortion, have occasioned death from narcosis. Dose, gr. 15-60 (1-4 Gm.); fluidextract (diluted alcohol), 3ss-2 (2-8 Ml. (Cc.)); infusion, 5 p. c, ℥ij (60 Ml. (Cc.)), every hour; spirit (oil 1, + alcohol 9), externally and in spray. Volatile oil (oleum hedeomae), official 1830-1910, often added to liniments as a rubefacient. Mentha Pule'-gium, European Pennyroyal, resembles closely the above, having oval, serrate leaves, and purplish flowers, cymes, corolla 4-lobed; Hedeoma piperi'ta, Mexico, is used for peppermint, while H. thymoi'des, Texas, having more agreeable odor, as aromatic, diaphoretic.

7. Melis'Sa Officinalis, Melissa, Balm

Melis'Sa Officinalis, Melissa, Balm. The leaves and tops, official 1840-1900; Asia Minor, S. Europe. Perennial herb with fragrance of lemons, growing in waste places; stems several, quadrangular, .3-1 M. (1-3°) high, branched at base, pubescent; flowers yellowish-white, purplish, calyx 5-toothed, tubular, bell-shaped; corolla bilabiate, 4 stamens. Leaves, 5 Cm. (2') long, petiolate,. ovate, obtuse, crenate, hairy,glandular,branches square; fragrant, aromatic, astringent, bitter; contains volatile oil 25 p. c, bitter principle, tannin, gum; solvents: diluted alcohol, boiling water. Carminative, diaphoretic, stimulant, antispasmodic; used as a refreshing drink; when cold for febrile affections, when hot acts slightly on the skin. Dose, gr. 15-60 (1-4 Gm.); water (aqua melissae), leaves (1) distilled with water (10); compound spirit (spiritus melissae compositus), balm 14 + lemon peel 12, nutmeg 6, cinnamon 3, clove 3, alcohol 150, water 250, distil 200 parts; fluidextract, exv-60 (1-4 Ml. (Cc.)); infusion, ℥j-2 (30-60 Ml. (Cc.)); oil, ej-2 (.06-.13 Ml. (Cc.)).