This section is from the book "A Manual of Materia Medica and Pharmacology", by David M. R. Culbreth. Also available from Amazon: Manual of Materia Medica and Pharmacology.
Arctostaphylos Glau'Ca, Manzanita. California mountains, small tree; leaves 5 Cm. (2') long; contains arbutin, tannin 10 p. c, ash G p. c. A. polifo'lia and A. mucrocif'era, Mexico; both used like uva ursi.
Kal'Mia Latifo'Lia, Mountain Laurel, Calico-Bush. About 1.8-9 M. (0-30°) high; flowers inodorous, May-June; leaves evergreen, elliptical; contains tannin, arbutin, resin, andromedotoxin, C31H51O10. Astringent; large doses poisonous.
3. Limo'nium carolinia'num (Stat'ice Limo'nium var. carolinia'na), Marsh Rosemary. - Plumbaginacese. The root, official 1820-1880; N. America. Plant a maritime perennial, acaulescent; leaves 2.5-4 Cm. (1-1 3/5') long, obovate, cuneiform, entire, mucronate, scape .3-6M. (1-2°) high, terete, corymbose panicles; flowers lavender color; root .3-.() M. (1-2°) long, 2.5 Cm. (1') thick, annulate, wrinkled, purplish-brown, astringent, bitter; contains tannin 14-18 p. c, volatile oil, resin. Used as astringent like catechu or kino for aphthous and ulcerative affections of the mouth, fauces, hemorrhages, dysentery; in decoction, infusion, tincture. Dose, gr. 5-30 (.3-2 Gm.).
4. Pala'quium Gut'ta, and P. oblongifo'lium, Gutta-percha - Sapo-taceae. Concrete exudation, official 1880-1890; Malayan Peninsula and Islands, Singapore, Borneo. Tree, 18-21 M. (60-70°) high, .6-1 M. (2-3°) thick; bark reddish-gray; leaves 10-12.5 Cm. (4-5') long, tomentose, silky beneath; flowers yellowish. Gutta-percha is obtained by incisions, or by felling trees, removing bark, and catching juice in plantain-leaf stalks, palm leaves, or cocoanut shells; it soon coagulates and occurs in yellowish, grayish masses, hard, heavier than water, flexible, plastic at 50° C. (122° F.), decomposes on melting; inodorous; tasteless; soluble in ether, chloroform, oil of turpentine, carbon disulphide; contains gutta, C20H32, 80 p. c, fine white powder; fluavil, C20H32O, yellow resin; albane, C20H32O2, white resin. Used in surgery for splints, catheters, bougies, specula, pessaries, syringes, etc. Liquor Guttoe Perchaz, official 1880-1890,15 p. c, + lead carbonate 17, chloroform q. s. 100; employed as an adhesive and protective agent for wounds, abrasions, skin affections, sore nipples, erysipelas, smallpox, etc.
Dios'Pyros Virginia'Na, Persimmon. Ebenacese. The unripe fruit dried, official 1820-1880; United States. Tree, 6-21 M. (20-70°) high, much smaller northward; wood hard, blackish; leaves 7.5-12.5 Cm. (3-5') long, entire, glaucous beneath, elliptical; flowers yellowish; fruit plum-like, 2.5 Cm. (1') thick, green, 4-lobed calyx at base; short style at apex, 6-celled, 6-seeded; taste astringent, when ripe orange-red, by frost sweet, edible; contains tannin, malic acid. Used as astringent for diarrhoea, chronic dysentery, uterine hemorrhage, leucorrhoea, sore throat; in infusion, tincture, syrup. Dose, gr.
15-60 (1-4 Gm.). Persimmon beer, made by fermenting ripe fruit with hops, as a beverage, and the bark as tonic and astringent, are popular to some extent.
 
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