Ammoniae Carbonas-Carbonate Of Ammonia, N4H26C3O8 = 236.

The real constitution of this complex formula is probably, - two molecules of acid carbonate, and one of carbonate of ammonium.

Preparation

By heating a mixture of chalk (carbonate of lime) and sal-ammoniac (chloride ammon.), when chloride of calcium and a complex carbonate of ammonia are formed; the latter distils over, and is condensed.

Characters

When recent it is seen in colorless, translucent, crystalline masses, of strong characteristic odor and acrid taste, markedly alkaline in reaction, volatile, soluble in water, less so in spirit, and effervescent with acids. When exposed to the air it gives off ammonia and carbonic acid, loses its odor, and crumbles into an opaque mass of bicarbonate of ammonium. In consequence of ready decomposition, the aqueous solution of the ordinary salt will contain both neutral and acid carbonates. The neutral salt has not been isolated in the solid state.

Ammonii Chloridum - Chloride Ammonium - Sal-Ammoniac, NH1C1, = 53.5.

Preparation

Generally from gas-liquor, by adding hydrochloric acid to neutralization, evaporating the liquid, and purifying the crystals by sublimation.

Characters And Tests

Occurs in pieces of the hemispherical cakes in which it is sublimed, of translucent fibrous appearance and pungent saline taste - inodorous. Its ordinary form is hard to powder. It is soluble in one part of boiling water and three of cold, its solution being attended by reduction of temperature; also soluble in rectified spirit. Heated with potash, soda, or lime, it evolves ammonia.

Ammonii Bromidum (v. Bromine, p. 98).

Liquor Ammoniae Acetatis - Solution Of Acetate Of Ammonia

Acetate of ammonia, NH1C2H3O2, = 77, dissolved in water, commonly called spirit of Mindererus.

Preparation

By gradual neutralization of carbonate of ammonia with acetic acid.

Characters And Tests

When pure and fresh this is a limpid, colorless liquid, without odor and with strong saline taste; but unless carefully kept it soon spoils. With caustic alkalies it evolves ammonia, and with sulphuric acid, acetic vapors.

Ammoniae Citratis Liquor - Solution Of Citrate Of Ammonia

Citrate of ammonia, 3NH1C6H1O7, = 243, dissolved in water. Preparation. - By neutralizing a solution of citric acid with strong solution of ammonia. It is a colorless liquid of saline taste.

Amm0niae Phosphas - Phosphate Of Ammonia, (NH1)2HPO4, = 132.

Preparation

By neutralizing phosphoric acid with ammonia, the latter being in excess.

Characters And Tests

The crystals, which are transparent when recent, become opaque on exposure, and part with ammonia and water. Soluble in water, insoluble in spirit, gives a characteristic yellow precipitate with nitrate of silver.

Ammoniae Benzoas - Benzoate Of Ammonia, Nh1c7h6o2

Preparation

By dissolving benzoic acid in water, with solution of ammonia, and crystallizing.

Characters And Tests

Occurs in colorless laminar crystals, which are soluble in water and alcohol: they are sublimed by heat. Hydrochloric acid precipitates benzoic acid from solution, and caustic potash heated with it causes evolution of ammonia. Per-salts of iron give a yellow precipitate.

Ammonii Sulphidum (Appendix II.), (NH1)2S, = 68. - By passing sulphuretted hydrogen into liq. ammoniae to saturation, then adding more liq. ammoniae.

NH3 + H1S = NH1HS and NH1HS + NH3 = (NH1) 2S

A colorless liquid, becoming yellow when kept, of disagreeable taste and fetid odor. It is incompatible with almost all metallic and acid solutions.

Ammonioe Nitras - Nitrate of Ammonia, NH1NO3, = 80. (Placed in the appendix only for the preparation of nitrous oxide gas.)