Alexis Body Art

Alexis Body Art, a Swiss astronomer, born near Mont Blanc, June 27, 1767, died June 7, 1843. He went to Paris in 1785, attended the free lectures at the college de France, was attached to the observatory, in 1804 became a member of the bureau of longitudes, and was elected to the academy of sciences through the influence of Laplace, whom he assisted in the Mecanique celeste. In 1808 he published new tables of Jupiter and Saturn, to which in 1821 he added those of Uranus, whose perturbations he was the first to point out and explain. Le-verrier's discovery of Neptune in 1846 confirmed Bouvart's hypothesis.

Alexis Boyer

Alexis Boyer, baron, a French surgeon, born at Uzerche, Limousin, in March, 1757, died in Paris, Nov. 25, 1833. He was the son of a poor tailor, went to Paris as assistant to a drover, and acquired his first knowledge of surgery while employed as a barber. In 1795 he became professor of operative medicine, and afterward chief surgeon of Napoleon, who made him a baron with a revenue of 25,000 francs, which he lost after the restoration, though remaining in the service of Louis XVIIL, Charles X., and Louis Philippe. He succeeded Des-champsin 1825 as chief surgeon of the Charite, and a member of the institute of France. His best works are, Traite complet d'anatomie (4 vols., Paris, 1797-9), and Traite des maladies chirurgicales (11 vols., 1814-'26), of which many editions have appeared in France, and translations in Germany. With Corvisart and Roux he edited the Journal de Medecine, Chi-rurgie et Pharmacie (1798-1817).

Alexis Claude Clairaut

Alexis Claude Clairaut, a French mathematician, born in Paris, May 7, 1713, died there, May 17, 1705. At the age of 13 he read before the French academy a memoir upon four curves of his own discovery; at 16 he had written a treatise upon curves of double curvature; and at 18 he was admitted into the academy of sciences. His maturer powers were employed in researches upon the figure of the earth, in which he demonstrated the theorem that the variation of gravity on the surface of the earth, considered as an elliptic spheroid, is altogether independent of the law of density, and may be deduced from a knowledge of the form of the exterior surface; on the theory of the moon; and on the orbit of Ilalley's comet. In each of these subjects he showed wonderful powers, and gained the most distinguished honor. He published numerous scientific works.

Alexis Paccard

Alexis Paccard, a French architect, born in Paris, Jan. 19, 1813, died there in October, 1867. He was a son of the actor and writer Edme Jean Paccard, and studied in the school of fine arts and under Huyot and H. Le Bas. The great prize which he obtained in 1841 for his " Palace of an Ambassador in a Foreign Country " enabled him to spend several years in Rome and Athens. After his return to Paris in 1847 he became inspector and architect of public buildings, and in 1853 architect to the museum of Fontainebleau. In December, 1863, he was appointed professor of architecture in the school of fine arts. He published the "Parthenon of Athens " (1855), the first attempt in polychromic restorations.