Clitomachus

Clitomachus, or, in the language of his native country, Hasdrubal, a Carthaginian who went to Athens in the 40th year of his age, and, after studying under Carneades, became the head of the new academy on the death of his master in 129 B. C. Of his voluminous works only a few titles are preserved.

Clitumnus

Clitumnus (now Clitumno), a little river of Italy, rising near Spoleto, and emptying into the Tinia (now Timia), a tributary of the Tiber. It was famous in ancient times for its sacred character, the beauty of its banks and environs, the excellence of its pastures, and a peculiar breed of snow-white cattle which were in great demand for sacrificial purposes, especially on days of triumph, when, with gilded horns and wreaths of flowers about their necks, the sacred steers of the Clitumnus formed no inconsiderable part of the pomp. Pliny has left a description of the river, its pastures, herds, and groves, and its little temple sacred to Jupiter Clitumnus, the remains of which are yet to be seen on the road between Spoleto and Foligno.

Cloacim

Cloacim, one of the Roman surnames of Venus. Pliny derives the appellation from the obsolete verb cloare or cluere, to wash, and adds that when the Sabine women prevented their relatives from taking vengeance on their ravishers, both armies purified themselves by rites before the statue of Venus, who was hence called goddess of purification. Livy attributes the appellation to the circumstance that the Sabine king Titus Tatius found a statue of Venus in the cloaca maxima, which he set up, and consecrated under the name of Venus Cloacina.

Clogher

Clogher, a decayed episcopal town of Ireland, in county Tyrone, situated on the Laung, a tributary of the Blackwater, 80 m. N. W. of Dublin; pop. about 400. The see of the Anglican bishop has lately been united to that of Armagh; the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Clogher resides at Carrickmacross, in county Monaghan. St, Patrick is said to have been the first bishop of Clogher, in 444.

Cloister

Cloister. See Monastery.

Clonfert

Clonfert, one of the oldest Irish bishoprics, deriving its name from the convent of Clonfert or Clonefort, in the county and 42 m. E. of Galway, founded in the latter part of the 6th century by St. Brendan. The present residence of the Roman Catholic bishop is at Loughrea; the Anglican diocese has been united to that of Killaloe. Clonfert, formerly called a city, contains an ancient episcopal palace and cathedral'and a few huts.

Clotho

Clotho, the youngest of the three Parcaa or Fates, daughter of Jupiter and Themis, or of Erebus and Night. Clotho held the distaff and spun the thread of life, whence her name "I spin." She was represented wearing a crown with seven stars, and a many-colored robe.

Clotilde De Surville

Clotilde De Surville. See Sitrville.