The American Cyclopaedia Vol14 | by George Ripley And Charles A. Dana

The American Cyclopaedia - Popular Dictionary Of General Knowledge. Vol14

Title	The American Cyclopaedia
Author	George Ripley And Charles A. Dana
Publisher	D. Appleton And Company
Year	1873
Copyright	1873, D. Appleton And Company
Amazon	The New American Cyclopædia. 16 volumes complete.

The American Cyclopædia

Edited By George Ripley And Charles A. Dana.

Other spellings could be: Cyclopaedia, Cyclopedia, Encyclopædia, Encyclopaedia, Encyclopedia

John Odonovan - John Ogilvie: John Odonovan John O'Donovan, an Irish archaeologist, born at Atatee More, county Kilkenny, July 9, 1809, died in Dublin, Dec, 9, 1861. He was employed in the ordnance survey of Ireland, and in 1847 ...

John Okeefe - John Oxlee: John Okeefe John O'Keefe, an Irish dramatist, born in Dublin, June 24, 1747, died in Southampton, England, Feb. 4, 1833. lie wrote a comedy at the age of 15, and was an actor for 12 years. In 1781 he...

John Palmer - John Petherick: John Palmer John Palmer, an English clergyman, born in Southwark in 1729, died June 26, 1790. In 1759 he became pastor of a Presbyterian congregation in London, with which he remained connected till ...

John Potter - John Radcliffe: John Potter John Potter, an English prelate, born in Wakefield, Yorkshire, in 1674, died in Lambeth, Oct. 10, 1747. He graduated at University college, Oxford, in 1692, and in 1694 was chosen fellow ...

John Ramsay Mcculloch - John Rushworth: John Ramsay Mcculloch John Ramsay Mcculloch, a Scottish economist, born at Whithorn in Wigtownshire, March 1, 1789, died at the stationery office, Westminster, Nov. 11, 1864. From 1828 to 1832 he was...

John Saul Howson - John Stewart: John Saul Howson John Saul Howson, an English clergyman, born in 1816. He graduated at Trinity college, Cambridge, a double first, in 1837, and in each of the next three years obtained a prize for an...

John Stow - John Syng Dorsey: John Stow John Stow, an English antiquary, born in London in 1525, died April 5, 1605. He was bred a tailor, but from 1560 devoted himself to the study of the antiquities of English history. He made ...

John Tailor - John Thomas Quekett: John Tailor John Tailor, an English author, called the water poet, born in Gloucester in 1580, died in London in 1654. He was educated at the free school of Gloucester, and was apprenticed to a Lo...

John Thurloe - John Tulloch: John Thurloe John Thurloe, an English statesman, born at Abbots Roding, Essex, in 1616, died in London, Feb. 21, 1668. He was called to the bar in 1647, and in 1652 became secretary to the council of...

John Webster - John Wrottesley: John Webster John Webster, an English dramatist, in the latter part of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century. He was a friend and contemporary of Decker, Drayton, and Middleton, with whom, ...

John, Or Kooweskoowe Ross - Johnstown: John, Or Kooweskoowe Ross John, Or Kooweskoowe Ross, a chief of the Cherokee Indians, born in the Cherokee country, Georgia, about 1790, died in Washington, D. C, Aug. 1, 1866. He was a half-breed, a...

Joigny - Joliann Kaspar Orelli: Joigny Joigny (anc. Joviniacum), a town of Champagne, France, in the department and on the river Yonne, 15 m. N. W. of Auxerre; pop. in 1872, 6,400. It is surrounded by an old wall with six gates, an...

Joliann Kristen Clausen Dahl - Joliette: Joliann Kristen Clausen Dahl Joliann Kristen Clausen Dahl, a Norwegian landscape painter, born in Bergen, Feb. 24, 1788, died in Dresden, Oct. 14, 1857. He had resided in Dresden since 1818. In 1820-...

Jolin Brown - Jonas Dryander: Jolin Brown Jolin Brown, an English author, born at Rothbury, Northumberland, Nov. 5, 1715, killed himself, Sept. 23, 1766. He was educated at Cambridge, and during the rebellion of 1745 acted with m...

Jonas Hanway - Jonathan Dymond: Jonas Hanway Jonas Hanway, an English author, born in Portsmouth in 1712, died in London, Sept. 5, 1786. The earlier part of his life was passed in mercantile pursuits in St. Petersburg, during which...

Jonathan Maxcy - Joost Van Den Vondel: Jonathan Maxcy Jonathan Maxcy, an American clergyman, born in Attleborough, Mass., Sept. 2, 1768, died in Columbia, S. C, June 4, 1820. He graduated at Brown university in 1787, and in September, 179...

Joppa - Jose Maria Dalbaida Orense: Joppa See Jaffa. Jorg I. Johann Christian Gottfried, a German physician, born at Predel, near Zeitz, Dec. 24, 1779, died in Leipsic, Sept. 20, 1856. He was professor of obstetrics in the universi...

Jose Maria Queypo De Llano Ruiz De Saravia Toreno - Joseph Anton Maximilian Perty: Jose Maria Queypo De Llano Ruiz De Saravia Toreno Jose Maria Queypo De Llano Ruiz De Saravia Toreno, count of, a Spanish statesman, born in Oviedo, Nov. 26, 1786, died in Paris, Sept. 16, 1843. In th...

Joseph Athias - Joseph Bingham: Joseph Athias Joseph Athias, a learned Jewish printer in Amsterdam, died about 1700. He is principally noted for having published two editions of the Old Testament in Hebrew in 1661 and 1667, on whic...

Joseph Cauchon - Joseph Dacre Carlyle: Joseph Cauchon Joseph Cauchon, a Canadian statesman and journalist, born in Quebec in 1820. He studied law, but, though admitted to the bar, never practised. In 1844 he was elected to the legislature...

Joseph Edmund Jorg - Joseph Gwilt: Joseph Edmund Jorg Joseph Edmund Jorg, a German author, born at Immenstadt, Bavaria, Dec. 23, 1819. He studied theology at Munich, and was for several years amanuensis of Dollinger. In 1847 he became...

Joseph Haven - Joseph Holt: Joseph Haven Joseph Haven, an American clergyman, born in Dennis, Mass., in 1816, died in Chicago, May 23,1874. He graduated at Amherst college in 1835, studied in the Union theological seminary in N...

Joseph II. Ingraham - Joseph Karl Benedict Eichendorff: Joseph II. Ingraham Joseph II. Ingraham, an American author, born in Portland, Me., in 1809, died in 1866. After a brief experience of trade he became a teacher near Natchez, and in 1836 published ...

Joseph Knabl - Joseph Marie Querard: Joseph Knabl Joseph Knabl, a Tyrolese sculptor, born at Fliess in 1821. He is the son of a farmer, and studied first under a local artist, and subsequently in Munich, where he became in 1863 professo...

Joseph Mather Smith - Joseph Nash: Joseph Mather Smith Joseph Mather Smith, an American physician, born at New Rochelle, N. Y., March 14, 1789, died in New York, April 22, 1866. He graduated in medicine in 1815 at the college of physi...

Joseph Nicolas Robert-Fleury - Joseph Sauveur: Joseph Nicolas Robert-Fleury Joseph Nicolas Robert-Fleury, a French painter, whose real name is Fleury, born in Cologne, Aug. 8, 1797. He studied under Ver-net and Gros, and. exhibited his first piec...

Joseph Spence - Joseph Thomas: Joseph Spence Joseph Spence, an English author, born at Kingsclerc, Hampshire, April 25,1699, drowned at By fleet, Surrey, Aug. 20, 1768. He was educated at Oxford, entered holy orders, and was elect...

Joseph Weilen - Josephus Dionysius Odevaere: Joseph Weilen Joseph Weilen, a German poet, whose real name is Weil, born at Tetin, Bohemia, Dec. 28, 1828. After studying at Prague and Vienna, and taking part in the Hungarian war, he was professor...

Josh Bell - Joze Joaquim Da Cunha Azevedo Coutlmio: Josh Bell Josh Bell (now called Bell), a S. E. county of Kentucky, bordering on Tennessee and Virginia, and drained by Cumberland river and the S. fork of the Kentucky; area, about 600 sq. m.; pop. i...

Jozef Jakob Jungmann - Juan Agustin Cean-Bermudez: Jozef Jakob Jungmann Jozef Jakob Jungmann, a Slavic philologist, born at Hudlitz, Bohemia, July 16, 1773, died in Prague, Nov. 14, 1847. He was the son of a poor farmer, but received a superior educa...

Juan Bravo Murillo - Juan De Pareja: Juan Bravo Murillo Juan Bravo Murillo, a Spanish statesman, born at Frejenal de la Sierra in 1803. He studied theology, and afterward law, and began to practise in 1825. He was fiscal at Caceres from...

Juan Diaz De Solis - Judea, Or Jndaea: Juan Diaz De Solis Juan Diaz De Solis. See Solis. Juan Fernandez Navarrete Juan Fernandez Navarrete, surnamed el Mudo (the Mute), a Spanish artist, born in Logrono in 1526, died about 1575. He be...

Judenbach - Jules Saint-Hilaire: Judenbach Judenbach, a village of Saxe-Meiningen, Germany, on the S. E. ridge of the Thuringian Forest, near the former boundary line of Thu-ringia and Franconia, and formerly celebrated as a great f...

Jules Silvain Zeller - Julian Sebastian Cammermeier Welhaven: Jules Silvain Zeller Jules Silvain Zeller, a French historian, born in Paris, April 23, 1820. He has taught history at Bordeaux, Rennes, Strasburg, and Aix. In 1858 he became maître de conferences at...

Julias Capitolinus - Julius Hammer: Julias Capitolinus Julias Capitolinus, a Roman historian, who lived toward the end of the 3d century, and wrote the lives of nine emperors. He is one of the writers of the Historia Augusta, in the ed...

Julius Heinrich Petermam - Jullius Waldemar Grosse: Julius Heinrich Petermam Julius Heinrich Petermam, a German orientalist, born in Glauchau, Saxony, in 1806. He studied in Leipsic and Berlin, and graduated in 1829. In 1832 he visited Venice to study...

July - Jungfrau: July July (Lat. Julius), the seventh month of the year, consisting of 31 days. By the Romans it was originally called Quintilis (quintus, fifth), it being the fifth month in the original Latin year, ...

Junot - Kahlenberg: Junot See Abrantes. Jupiter Ammon See Ammon. Justns Properly Jobst Burgi (Byrgius) Justns Properly Jobst Burgi (Byrgius), a Swiss inventor, born at Lichtensteig, Feb. 28, 1552, died at Cassel...

Kaieteur Fall - Kalamazoo River: Kaieteur Fall See Guiana. Kaisariyeh Kaisariyeh, a city of Asia Minor, capital of a district of the same name, in the vilayet and 160 m. S. E. of the city of Angora; pop. variously estimated from...

Kalevala - Kama: Kalevala Kalevala, the national epic of Finland. See Finland, vol. vii., p. 203. Kalgan, Or Changkiakan Kalgan, Or Changkiakan, a town of China, in the province of Chihli, 110 m. N. W. of Peking,...

Kamenz - Kanawha: Kamenz See Camenz. Kamieniec See Kamenetz. Kamieniee Kamenetz Kamieniee Kamenetz, or Kanienetz-Podolskoi, a town of Russia, capital of the government of Podolia, 12 m. N. of the Dniester, on ...

Kanawha River - Kappel: Kanawha River See Great Kanawha. Kandiyohi Kandiyohi, a S. W. central county of Minnesota; area, 864 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,921. Since the census the former county of Monongalia has been united ...

Kara George - Karl Adolph Koustautin Hofler: Kara George See Czerny George. Karahissar See Afium Karah'issar. Karaman See Caraman. Kardszag Kardszag, a market town of Hungary, in the district and formerly the capital of Great Cumani...

Karl Albert Christoph Heinrich Von Kamptz - Karl Bartholomaus Heller: Karl Albert Christoph Heinrich Von Kamptz Karl Albert Christoph Heinrich Von Kamptz, a Prussian jurist, born in Schwerin, Sept. 16, 1769, died in Berlin, Nov. 3, 1849. He acquired renown as minister ...

Karl Beck - Karl Eduard Vehse: Karl Beck Karl Beck, a German poet, born at Baja, Hungary, May 1, 1817. He is the son of a Jewish merchant, studied in Pesth, Vienna, and Leipsic, and has since 1848 chiefly resided in Vienna. His f...

Karl Ernst Von Baer - Karl Friedrich Bahrdt: Karl Ernst Von Baer Karl Ernst Von Baer, a Russian naturalist, born in Esthonia, Feb. 12, 17i2. He studied at Dorpat and Wurzburg, and in 1819 became professor of zoology in the university of Ko-...

Karl Friedrich Becker - Karl Friedridi Wilhelm Ludwig: Karl Friedrich Becker Karl Friedrich Becker, a German historian, born in Berlin in 1777, died there, March 15, 1806. He studied in Berlin and Halle, became a teacher, and published Weltgeschichte fur...

Karl Friedrieh August Kahinis - Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider: Karl Friedrieh August Kahinis Karl Friedrieh August Kahinis, a German theologian, horn in Greitz, Dec. 22, 1814. He studied at Halle, graduated in Berlin, and became professor in Breslau, and in 1850...

Karl Gottlieb Reissiger - Karl Hubner: Karl Gottlieb Reissiger Karl Gottlieb Reissiger, a German composer, born at Belzig, near Wittenberg, Jan. 31, 1798, died in Dresden, Nov. 7, 1859. He was intended for the church, but devoted himself ...

Karl Immanuel Conrad - Karl Joseph Napoleon Balling: Karl Immanuel Conrad Karl Immanuel Conrad, a German architectural painter, born in Berlin, March 30, 1810. He studied in Berlin, and was a teacher of his art as early as 1830, soon producing many fin...

Karl Koldewey - Karl Ludwig Von Knebel: Karl Koldewey Karl Koldewey, a German explorer, born at Bucken, Hanover, Oct. 26, 1837. He qualified himself for maritime life in the Bremen commercial navy, at the polytechnic school of Hanover, and...

Karl Ludwig Willdenow - Karl Rokitansky: Karl Ludwig Willdenow Karl Ludwig Willdenow, a German botanist, born in Berlin in 1765, died there, July 10, 1812. He was professor of natural history at the medical college in Berlin from 1798 to 18...

Karl Sand - Karl Tausig: Karl Sand Karl Sand, a German political fanatic, born at Wunsiedel, in Franconia, Oct. 5, 1795, executed near Mannheim, May 20, 1820. After Studying theology at the universities of Tubingen and Erlan...

Karl Tlicodor Von Piloty - Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand Solger: Karl Tlicodor Von Piloty Karl Tlicodor Von Piloty, a German painter born in Munich, Oct. 1, 1826. He studied in Munich, Paris, Brussels, Rome, and London, became known by his Establishment of the C...

Karl Wilhelm Justi - Karoline Jagemann: Karl Wilhelm Justi Karl Wilhelm Justi, a German author, born in Marburg, Jan. 14, 1767, died there, Aug. 7, 1846. He was professor of theology at Marburg, wrote the Nationalgesange der Hebraer (5 vol...

Karoline Von Gunderode - Kashan: Karoline Von Gunderode Karoline Von Gunderode, a German poetess, born in Carlsruhe, Feb. 11, 1780, committed suicide July 26, 1806. She became canoness of a chapter in Frankfort, and under the name o...

Kaspar Peucer - Kaufman: Kaspar Peucer Kaspar Peucer, a German reformer, born in Bautzen, Jan. 6, 1525, died in Dessau, Sept. 25, 1602. He studied at Wittenberg, where in 1554 he became professor of mathematics and subsequen...

Kazimierz Brodzinski - Kelat: Kazimierz Brodzinski Kazimierz Brodzinski, a Polish soldier and poet, born at Kro1owko in 1791, died in Dresden, Oct. 10,1835. In 1809 he entered the military service of his country, and fought again...

Kelung - Kerguelen, Or Desolation Island: Kelung Kelung, a town of the Chinese empire, in the N. part of the island of Formosa, situated near the head of the harbor, and important only for the trade carried on with other Chinese ports, chief...

Kermanshah - Keswick: Kermanshah Kermanshah, a town of Persia, capital of a district of the same name in the province of Irak-Ajemi, on the S. W. declivity of a mountain range, 80 m. W. S. W. of Hamadan; pop. about 25,000...

Ketones, Or Acetones - Keweenaw: Ketones, Or Acetones Ketones, Or Acetones, a class of bodies composed of an acid radical united with an alcohol radical. Nearly all the ketones now known consist of the radical of a fatty acid combin...

Key Islands, Or Ki - Khoi: Key Islands, Or Ki Key Islands, Or Ki, a group of islands in the Indian archipelago, 50 m. W. of the Arroo islands, in lat. 6 S., lon. 133 E. The largest are the Great Keys, with mountains ...

Kiangsi - Kielce: Kiangsi Kiangsi, a S. E. province of China, border-dering on Hupeh, Nganhwui, Chihkiang, Fo-kien, Kwangtung, and Hunan; area, 72,176 sq. m.; pop. about 23,000,000. It is watered chiefly by the Kan-ki...

Kienchow, Or Kinngchow - Kilwa, Or Quiloa: Kienchow, Or Kinngchow Kienchow, Or Kinngchow, a city of China, capital of the island of Hainan, off the S. coast of the province of Kwangtung, on a narrow spit of land between a river and a bay; pop...

Kimble - King Of Bashan Og: Kimble Kimble, a W. county of Texas, drained by the head waters of Llano river; area, about 1,400 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 72. It has a rugged surface, with an alternation of narrow valleys and rocky hi...

King Of Hungary Louis The Great - Kingstown: King Of Hungary Louis The Great See Hungary, vol. ix., p. 56. King Of Hungary Stephen I. Saint See Hungary, vol. ix., p. 55. King Of Israel Omiri See Hebrews, vol. viii., p. 587. King Of P...

Kingtechin - Kinsky: Kingtechin Kingtechin, a town of China, in the province of Kiangsi, 100 m. N. E. of Nantchang; pop. upward of 500,000. It is an open town, containing thousands of furnaces and hundreds of factories o...

Kiowa - Kit Cat Club: Kiowa Kiowa, a S. W. county of Kansas, recently formed, and not included in the census of 1870; area, 900 sq. m. Its N. W. corner is intersected by the Arkansas river, and it is watered by several st...

Kitsap - Kkasza: Kitsap Kitsap, a N. W. county of Washington territory; area, 400 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 866. It is a peninsula, having Hood's canal on the west and Admiralty inlet on the east and north. It includes B...

Kladno - Knut Jmigbohn Clement: Kladno Kladno, a town of Bohemia, 13 m. N. N. W. of Prague, with which it is connected by railway; pop. in 1870, 11,199. It has a castle and several iron works. In the neighborhood are important coal...

Koh-I-Noor - Kolin, Or Kollin: Koh-I-Noor See Diamond, vol. vi., p. 75. Kokomo Kokomo, a town and the county seat of Howard co., Indiana, situated on Wild Cat creek, an affluent of the Wabash, and at the intersection of the In...

Kolomna - Konigstein: Kolomna Kolomna, a town of Russia, in the government and 63 m. S. E. of the city of Moscow, near the confluence of the Moskva with the Oka, and on the great central railway; pop. in 1867, 19,890. It ...

Konrad Eberhard - Kornegalle: Konrad Eberhard Konrad Eberhard, a German sculptor and painter, born at Hindclang, Bavaria, Nov. 25, 1768, died in Munich, March 13, 1859. He studied at Munich and Rome, and in 1816 became professor ...

Koros, Or Nagy-Koros - Kottbus, Or Cottbus: Koros, Or Nagy-Koros Koros, Or Nagy-Koros, a town of Hungary, in the county and 42 m. S. E. of the city of Pesth, on the railway to Szegedin; pop. in 1870, 20,091. It has a gymnasium. The inhabitants...

Kouli Khan - Kremnitz: Kouli Khan See Nadir Shah. Kovar Kovar, a district of eastern Hungary, bor-dering on the counties of Marmaros, Szathmar, and Middle Szolnok, and on Transylvania; area, 423 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 5...

Kremsier - Kumiss: Kremsier Kremsier, a town of Moravia, 20 m. S. S. E. of Olmutz, on the March or Morawa, over which there is a chain bridge 70 ft. long; pop. in 1870, 9,823. It is the summer residence of the archbish...

Kuopio - Kussnacht: Kuopio I. A S. Lan Or Government Of Finland, Russia Russia; I. A S. Lan Or Government Of Finland, area, about 17,000 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 222,321, mostly Lutherans. A large part of the surface is o...

Kustendji, Or Kistendjeh - Kuttmberg: Kustendji, Or Kistendjeh Kustendji, Or Kistendjeh, a town of European Turkey, in the Dobrudja, the N. E. part of the vilayet of the Tuna (Danube), 70 m. E. by N. of Silistria, on the Black sea; pop. ...

Kwangsi, Or Quangsi - La Chaise Or Lachaise, A French Jesuit (Daix Francois De): Kwangsi, Or Quangsi Kwangsi, Or Quangsi, a S. province of China, bordering on the provinces of Yunnan, Kwei-chow, Hunan, and Kwangtung, and the territory of Tonquin; area, 78,250 sq. m.; pop. about 7...

La Clede - La Fuente, Or Lafuente, Modesto: La Clede La Clede, a S. county of Missouri, drained by Gasconade river; area, 710 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 9,380, of whom 162 were colored. It has a rolling surface, in some places well timbered, in oth...

La Granja, Or San Ildefonso - La Plata: La Granja, Or San Ildefonso La Granja, Or San Ildefonso, a small town of Spain, in the province of Segovia, 34 m. N. N.W. of Madrid, renowned for its romantic situation on the N. declivity of the Sie...

La Rochelle - Labette: La Rochelle See Rochelle. La Rochelle #1 La Rochelle, a fortified town of France, capital of the department of Charente-Infé-rieure, situated on the bay of Biscay, opposite the island of Ré, 245 m....

Labradorite - Lafaye, Or Lafaist, Prosper: Labradorite See Feldspar. Lac Qui Parle Lac Qui Parle, a S. W. county of Minnesota, bordering on Dakota; area, 1,450 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 145. It is bounded N. E. by the Minnesota river, which h...

Lagomys - Lake Borgne: Lagomys See Pika. Lahr Lahr, a town of Germany, in Baden, on the Schutter, 24 m. N. of Freiburg; pop. in 1871, 7,710. It has a gymnasium, a Protestant and a Catholic church, a female high school,...

Lake Dembea - Lake Of Itasca: Lake Dembea See Tzana. Lake Leman See Geneva, Lake of. Lake Maggiore See Lago Maggiore. Lake Manitoba Lake Manitoba, a body of water in the Northwest territories of Canada, intersected by...

Lake Of Itza - Lambert Bos: Lake Of Itza See Peten. Lake Of The Woods Lake Of The Woods (Fr. Lac des Bois), a body of water in the Northwest territories of Canada, on the frontier of Minnesota, about lat. 49 N., lon. 9...

Lambton - Lampasas: Lambton Lambton, a S. W. county of Ontario, Canada, bounded N. bv Lake Huron and W. by the St. Clair river, and drained by the Sydenham river and other streams; area, 1,083 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 38,8...

Lancaster Sound - Landolin Ohmacht: Lancaster Sound Lancaster Sound, a channel leading from Baffin bay W. to Barrow strait, in the American arctic regions. Its E. entrance lies between Capes Horsburgh on the north and Liverpool on the ...

Landsberg - Lane: Landsberg Landsberg, a town of Prussia, in the province of Brandenburg, on the Warthe, 40 m. N. E. of Frankfort-on-the-Oder; pop. in 1871, 18,531. It is walled and well built, contains a gymnasium, a...

Langeland - Lanlvium: Langeland Langeland, an island of Denmark, between the islands of Laaland and Funen, separated from the former by the Langeland Belt, and from the latter by a narrow channel of great depth, having th...

Lanra Maria Catarina Bassi - Laodamia: Lanra Maria Catarina Bassi Lanra Maria Catarina Bassi, an Italian scholar, born in Bologna, Oct. 31, 1711, died there, Feb. 20, 1778. At the age of 21 she sustained successfully in public a philosoph...

Laomedon - Lard High Steward: Laomedon See Troy. Lapeer Lapeer, a S. E. county of Michigan, drained by the sources of Flint and Belle rivers; area, 828 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 21,345. It has a rolling surface and a rich soil, a...

Larimer - Las Animas: Larimer Larimer, a N. county of Colorado, bordering on Wyoming territory, bounded W. by the Medicine Bow mountains, and intersected by the South Platte river; area, about 1,200 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, ...

Las Casas - Latitudinarians: Las Casas Las Casas. See Las Casas. Las Cenizas Las Cenizas (the ashes), a volcano in Guatemala, Central America, one of the group known as the volcanoes of Pacaya, in lat. 14 21' N., lon....

Latona - Laura Keene: Latona Latona (Gr. ), in Grecian mythology, a daughter of the Titan Coenus and Phoebe, and mother of Apollo and Diana by Jupiter, to whom she was married before he wedded Juno...

Laure Cinthie Montalant (Damoreau) - Laurentum: Laure Cinthie Montalant (Damoreau) Laure Cinthie Montalant (Damoreau), a French vocalist, born in Paris, Feb. 6, 1801, died at Chantilly in 1863. Her parents were employed as concierges in the conser...

Lava - Laws Of Wisby: Lava See Volcano. Lavaca Lavaca, a S. E. county of Texas, watered by Lavaca and Navidad rivers; area, 926 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 9,168, of whom 2,707 were cob ored. It has an undulating surface, p...

Lazilite - Le Nord: Lazilite See Lapis Lazuli. Lazzaro And Pantaleone Calvi Lazzaro And Pantaleone Calvi, two Genoese painters, sons of Agostino Calvi, of whom the former was born in 1502 and died in 1607, and the l...

Le Perche - Leake: Le Perche Le Perche, an ancient division of France, in the old province of Maine, bounded N. by Normandy, and now included in the departments of Orne, Eure-et-Loir, and Eure. In the middle ages it fo...

Leamington, Or Leamington-Priors - Leda: Leamington, Or Leamington-Priors Leamington, Or Leamington-Priors, a town and watering place of Warwickshire, England, on the river Learn, 20 m. S. E. of Birmingham; pop. in 1871, 22,730. It is one o...

Ledru Rollin - Legh Richmond: Ledru Rollin See Ledru-Rollin. Leelanaw Leelanaw, a N. W. county of the S. peninsula of Michigan; area, about 1,000 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,570. It occupies a peninsula formed by Grand Traverse b...

Legnago - Leitmeritz: Legnago Legnago, a fortified town of Italy, in the province of Verona, on the Adige, 50 m. from its mouth, 26 m. E. of Mantua, and 22 m. S. E. of Verona; pop. about 10,000. It forms with Verona, Pesc...

Leitomischl - Lena: Leitomischl Leitomischl (Boh. Litomysl), a town of Bohemia, on the Laucna, 84 m. E. S. E. of Prague; pop. in 1870, 7,021. It has a palace with a library, picture gallery, and other attractions; a col...

Lenapes - Lentulus: Lenapes See Delawares. Lencas Lencas, a tribe of Indians occupying the high plateaus of Otoro and Intibucat, S. W. of the city of Comayagua, Honduras. They speak dialects of a language which seem...

Leo Meyer - Leominster: Leo Meyer Leo Meyer, a German philologist, born at Bledeln, Hanover, July 3,1830. He completed his studies in Gottingen, and under Bopp and the brothers Grimm in Berlin, and was professor in the univ...

Leon Alexandre Henzey - Leone Levi: Leon Alexandre Henzey Leon Alexandre Henzey, a French archaeolo-gist, born in Rouen in 1831. He studied at the normal school in Paris and at the French school in Athens, and became professor of histo...

Leonidas - Lerot: Leonidas Leonidas, king of Sparta, son of King An-axandrides, and the 17th of the family of the Agides, killed at the battle of Thermopylae, 480 B. 0. He married Gorgo, daughter of his half brother C...

Lerwick - Of Lethington Maitland Sir Richard: Lerwick Lerwick, a town of Scotland, capital of the Shetland islands, on Bressay sound, on the E. side of Mainland, 20 m. N. E. of Sumburgh head; pop. in 1871, 3,449. The main thoroughfare is a tortu...

Leto - Levi Spaulding: Leto See Latona. Letter Of Marque See Privateer. Letter Of Marque #1 See Privateer. Leucadia See Santa Maura. Leucippis Leucippis, a Greek philosopher, who probably lived in the 5th cen...

Leviathan - Lewis David Von Schweinitz: Leviathan Leviathan, the English form of a Hebrew word (livyathan) used in the Old Testament, probably applicable to any huge marine animal, and sometimes, as in Job xli., perhaps designating particu...

Lewis Evans - Lias: Lewis Evans Lewis Evans, an American geographer and surveyor, born about 1700, died in June, 1756. During an active professional life he collected many materials for a map of the British North Americ...

Libanius - Libyan Desert: Libanius Libanius, a Greek sophist and rhetorician, born in Antioch in A. I). 314, died there toward the close of the same century. He taught rhetoric at Constantinople, where his school drew such va...

Libyan Sea - Lillers: Libyan Sea Libyan Sea, the name given by ancient geographers to that part of the Mediterranean washing the shores of N. Africa, from the E. coast of the Roman province of Africa (the territory of Car...

Lilybaeum - Lindsay: Lilybaeum See Marsala. Lime Tree, Or Basswood See Linden. Lime-Regis Lime-Regis, a parliamentary borough and seaport of Dorsetshire, England, 22 m. W. of Dorchester; pop. in 1871, 2,333. The ...

Linear Expansion By Heat Between 0&Deg; And 1000&Deg; C - Lionello Spada: Linear Expansion By Heat Between 0 And 1000 C Lead...... 0.00301 Tin........ 000273 Zinc (forged). 0.00220 Silver..... 0.00199 Gold...... 0.00138 Wr'ht iron 0.00119 Platinum.. 0.00063...

Lipetzk - Little Falls: Lipetzk Lipetzk, a town of Russia, in the government of Tambov, on the Voronezh, 230 m. S. S. E. of Moscow; pop. in 1867, 14,239. It is noted for its manufactories and mineral springs. Lippe - Sch...

Little River - Llano: Little River Little River, a S. W. county of Arkansas, bordering on Texas and the Indian territory; area, about 500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 3,236, of whom 1,878 were colored. It lies between Little and...

Lndovico Antonio Muratori - Lnigi Cagnola: Lndovico Antonio Muratori Lndovico Antonio Muratori, an Italian scholar, horn at Vignola, in the duchy of Modena, Oct. 21, 1672. died in Modena, Jan. 23, 1750. He was educated at the university of Mo...

Lnigi Calamatta - Lobel, Or De 1obel, Matthias: Lnigi Calamatta Lnigi Calamatta, an Italian engraver, born at Civita Vecchia in 1802, died in Milan, March 8, 1869. He early went to Paris, and became famous in 1834 by his engraving of a head of Nap...

Lock Haven - Loea Marenzio: Lock Haven Lock Haven, a city and the capital of Clinton co., Pennsylvania, on the S. bank of the W. branch of the Susquehanna river, at the mouth of Bald Eagle creek, and on the West Branch canal an...

Logansport - Lomza: Logansport Logansport, a city and the capital of Cass co., Indiana, on the Wabash, at its junction with Eel river, and on the Wabash and Erie canal, 70 m. N. by W. of Indianapolis; pop. in 1870, 8,95...

London Pride - Longton: London Pride London Pride, a garden name for saxifra-ga umbrosa, a perennial evergreen plant from southern Europe. It has long been a favorite in Great Britain, and has escaped from gardens and becom...

Longus - Lonis Henri Joseph Bourbon: Longus Longus, a Greek sophist, who is supposed to have lived about A. D. 400. Concerning his history nothing is known. He was the author of a pastoral romance entitled The Pastorals of Daphnis and...

Lonoke - Lorain: Lonoke Lonoke, an E. central county of Arkansas, formed in 1873 from portions of Prairie and Pulaski cos. It is well watered, and the surface is diversified by hills, prairies, and bottom lands. Much...

Lorca - Lord Melville: Lorca Lorca (anc. Eliocroca), a town of Spain, in the province and 30 m. S. W. of the city of Murcia, on both sides of the Sangonera or Guadalentin; pop. about 48,000. It has an ancient Moorish castl...

Lord Muhon - Lorenz Stein: Lord Muhon See Stanhope, Earl. Lord Rawdon See Hastings, Francis. Lord Selborne See Palmer, Roundell. Lord Sidmoith See Addington. Lord Stair See Dalrymple. Lord Stanley Edward Hen...

Lorenzo De Medici - Loughborough: Lorenzo De Medici See Medici. Lorenzo Di Credi Lorenzo Di Credi, a Florentine artist, born about 1453, died about 1536. He was a fellow pupil of Leonardo da Vinci, and so closely followed his sty...

Louis A French Composer Clapisson - Louis Auguste Lapito: Louis A French Composer Clapisson Louis A French Composer Clapisson, born in Naples, Sept. 15, 1808, died in Paris, March 19, 1866. He was the son of a French musician established at Naples, and was ...

Louis Braille - Louis De Clermont De Bussy Damboise: Louis Braille Louis Braille, the inventor of a method of writing with points for the blind, born at Lagny, a suburb of Paris, in 1809, died in 1852. He lost his sight at the age of six years by an ac...

Louis De Cormontaigne - Louis Eugene Marie Bautain: Louis De Cormontaigne Louis De Cormontaigne, a French military engineer, born about 1695, died Oct. 20, 1752. He entered the corps of engineers in 1713. Between 1734 and 1744 he directed the sieges o...

Louis Francois Bouflers - Louis Gustave Vapereaii: Louis Francois Bouflers Louis Francois Bouflers, marquis, afterward duke de, a French soldier, known as the chevalier de Bouflers, born Jan. 10, 1644, died at Fontainebleau, Aug. 22,1711. He distingu...

Louis Hector Callieres Bomevue - Louis Joseph Ferdinand Herold: Louis Hector Callieres Bomevue Louis Hector Callieres Bomevue, chevalier de, governor of Canada, born in France, in 1639, died in Quebec, May 26, 1703. He entered the army early in life, and in 1664 ...

Louis Lang - Louis Leon Rostan: Louis Lang Louis Lang, an American artist, born at Waldsee, Wurtemberg, March 29, 1814. At 16 years of age he executed likenesses in pastel, and during a residence of four years on the lake of Consta...

Louis Leopold Robert - Louis Messidor Lebon Petitot: Louis Leopold Robert Louis Leopold Robert, a French painter, born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, May 13, 1794, died in Venice, March 20, 1835. At first he applied himself to engraving, and subseq...

Louis Napoleon - Louis Rene Paul De Ladmirault: Louis Napoleon See Bonaparte, Napoleon III. Louis Niedermeyer Louis Niedermeyer, a composer, born at Nyon, Switzerland, April 27, 1802, died in Paris, March 14, 1861. He was the son of a jrerman ...

Louis Riel - Louise Chandler Moulton: Louis Riel See Manitoba, vol. xi., p. 114. Louis Rochet Louis Rochet, a French sculptor, born in Paris, Aug. 24, 1813. He studied under David d'Angers, and exhibited his first work in 1835. Among...

Louise Florence Petronille De La Live D Epinay - Love Feasts: Louise Florence Petronille De La Live D Epinay Louise Florence Petronille De La Live D' Epinay, a French authoress, born in 1725, died April 17, 1783. She was unhappily married, and while yet young b...

Low Countries - Lucas Van Leyden: Low Countries See Netherlands. Lower Empire See Byzantine Empire. Lowestoft Lowestoft, a seaport town of Suffolk, England, 39 m. N. E. of Ipswich; pop. in 1871, 15,246. It has a parish and th...

Lucdta - Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella: Lucdta Lucdta (Gr. Hithyia), in ancient mythology, the goddess who was supposed to preside at the birth of children. According to the Hesiodic theogony, she was a daughter of Jupiter and a sister...

Lucius Verijs - Ludovico Cardi: Lucius Verijs See Antoninus, Marcus Aurelius. Lucon Lucon, a town of France, in the department of Vendee, on a navigable canal which connects it with the sea, about 55 m. S. S. E. of Nantes; pop....

Ludovieo Marracci - Ludwig Lange: Ludovieo Marracci Ludovieo Marracci, an Italian orientalist, in Lucca in 1612, died in Rome. Feb. 5. 1700 He devoted himself from his youth to the studyof languages, became a proficient in Greek, Heb...

Ludwig Michael Schwanthaler - Ludwig Von Stteglitz: Ludwig Michael Schwanthaler Ludwig Michael Schwanthaler, a German sculptor, born in Munich, Aug. 26, 1802, died there, Nov. 15, 1848. He studied under his father, and became in 1835 professor at the ...

Ludwig's Canal - Luigi Bossi: Ludwig's Canal See Canal, vol. iii., p. 684. Ludwigsburg Ludwigsburg, a town of Wurtemberg, 8 m. N. of Stuttgart; pop. in 1871, 11,785. It is the second residence of the king of Wurtemberg, and ...

Luigi Canim - Luis Alves De Lima Caxias: Luigi Canim Luigi Canim, an Italian archaeologist and architect, born in Casale in 1795, died in Florence, Oct. 17, 1856. He was for several years professor of architecture in Turin, conducted the ex...

Luis Brion - Lumkin: Luis Brion Luis Brion, admiral of Colombia, born at Curacoa, July 6,1782, died Sept. 20, 1821. He was sent at an early age to Holland to receive his education, his father being a native of that count...

Lunar Caustic, Or Nitrate Of Silver - Lute: Lunar Caustic, Or Nitrate Of Silver See Nitrates. Luneburg Luneburg, a town of Prussia, in the province of Hanover, on the Ilmenau, 68 m. N. N. E. of Hanover; pop. in 1871, 16,284. It has an air ...

Luther Rice - Lycaon: Luther Rice Luther Rice, an American clergyman, born in Northborough, Mass., March 25, 1783, died in Edgefield district, S. C., Sept. 25, 1836. He graduated at Williams college in 1810, and after stu...

Lyceum - Lygdamis: Lyceum Lyceum, the principal gymnasium at Athens, dedicated to Apollo Lyceus, whence its name. It was situated in the eastern suburb of the city, and was surrounded with lofty plane trees. It was ela...

Lyman - M. D Brooks John: Lyman Lyman, a S. county of Dakota, bounded N. and E. by the Missouri river, recently formed, and not included in the census of 1870; area, about 700 sq. m. It is intersected by White river and anoth...

M. D Comstock John Lee - Macbeth: M. D Comstock John Lee M. D Comstock John Lee, an American author, born at Lyme, Conn., in 1789, died in Hartford, Conn., Nov. 21, 1858. He studied medicine, and served as an assistant surgeon in the...

Maccabees - Macomb: Maccabees See Asmoneans, and Hebrews. Macchiavelli See Machiavelli. Macclesfield Macclesfield, a market town and municipal and parliamentary borough of Cheshire, England, 147 m. N. W. of Lond...

Maconnais - Madame: Maconnais Maconnais, an ancient territory in Burgundy, now comprised in the department of Saone-et-Loire. It was inhabited by the AEdui, conquered by Julius Coesar, and in the 5th century by the Burg...

Madame Do Chatelet - Madoc: Madame Do Chatelet Madame Do Chatelet. See Du Chatelet. Madame Du Deffand Madame Du Deffand. See Deffand. Madame Sophie Ristand Cottin Madame Sophie Ristand Cottin, a French novelist, born at...

Madockawando - Magadoxo, Or Magadishu: Madockawando Madockawando, a chief of the Etechemin Indians, on the Penobscot, who figured prominently in the border wars between the French and English colonies. He first appears as a leading chief ...

Magdala - Magnus Fredrik Ferdinand Bjornstjerna: Magdala See Abyssinia. Magi Magi, the priestly caste of the ancient Persians. It was formerly held that they were a.Median race, and that the revolution which gave them their supremacy was a Medi...

Magoffin - Mahoning: Magoffin Magoffin, an E. county of Kentucky, watered by Licking river; area, about 000 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,684, of whom 179 were colored. The surface is hilly and the soil moderately fertile. The...

Maid Of Orleans - Malay Archipelago: Maid Of Orleans See Joan of Arc. Maid Of Saragossa See Agustina. Maihska Maihska, a S. E. county of Iowa, intersected by the Des Moines and the N. and S. forks of Skunk river; area, 576 sq. m...

Malden - Manes: Malden Malden, a town of Middlesex co., Massachusetts, on a stream of the same name, navigable vessels of 300 tons to within half a mile of the main village, and on the Boston and Maine railroad and ...

Manfredonia - Mannel De Pando Miraflores: Manfredonia Manfredonia, a seaport of Italy, in the province and 22 m. N. E. of the city of Foggia; pop. about 7,500. It is situated at the foot of Mt. Gargano, and surrounded by walls, and the harbo...

Manton Marble - Maoriee Block: Manton Marble Manton Marble, an American journalist, born in Worcester, Mass., Nov. 16,1835. He graduated at the university of Rochester in 1855, was soon after connected with the Boston Journal, a...

Mar War - March (Lat. Martins Mars): Mar War See Joodpoor. Maranhao River See Mearim. Maranon See Amazon. Marc Antoine Calmon Marc Antoine Calmon, a French political economist, born in the department of Lot in 1815. He studi...

March, Or Morawa - Marcus Anrelins Carinus: March, Or Morawa March, Or Morawa, a river of Austria, which rises on the N. frontier of Moravia, near Al-stadt, and flows S. S. E., passing Olmutz, Krem-sier, and Hradisch; then turning S. S. W. it ...

Marcus Aurelins Olyinpins Nemesiants - Marcus Curtius: Marcus Aurelins Olyinpins Nemesiants Marcus Aurelins Olyinpins Nemesiants, a Latin poet of the latter half of the 3d century A. D., supposed to have been a native of Africa. He was the most successfu...

Marcus Mamlius - Marcus Vitruvius Pollio: Marcus Mamlius Marcus Mamlius, a Latin poet, of unknown date and history. Bentley supposed that he was an Asiatic, and Huet that he was a Carthaginian, and there are indications in his only known poe...

Mardin - Margaret Oliphant: Mardin Mardin, a town of Asiatic Turkey, in the vilayet of Diarbekir, 350 m. N W. of Bagdad; pop. about 12,000. It is situated on a rocky eminence, more than 2,000 ft. above the level of the sea. Nea...

Margaret Wofflygtotf - Maria Brooks: Margaret Wofflygtotf Margaret Wofflygtotf, commonly called Peg Woffington, an Irish actress, born in Dublin in 1718 or 1719, died March 28, 1760. She was of poor parentage, and when she was about nin...

Maria J. Mcintosh - Marianna: Maria J. Mcintosh Maria J. Mcintosh, an American authoress, born in Sunbury, Ga., in 1803. She was educated at the Sunbury academy, about 1835 removed to New York, and published in 1841 her first tal...

Marianne Isles - Marie Anne Camargo: Marianne Isles See Ladrones. Mariazell Mariazell, a village in Styria, Austria, 55 m. S. W. of Vienna (pop. about 1,000), situated in a picturesque country, and celebrated for its shrine of the V...

Marie Anne Le Page Boccage - Marie Bouffe: Marie Anne Le Page Boccage Marie Anne Le Page Boccage, a French poetess, born in Rouen, Oct. 22, 1710, died Aug. 8, 1802. She married a literary man of the name of Fiquet du Boccage. At the age of 36...

Marie Charlotte Hippolyte Bouflers-Rouvrel - Marie Seebach: Marie Charlotte Hippolyte Bouflers-Rouvrel Marie Charlotte Hippolyte Bouflers-Rouvrel, countess de, born in Paris in 1724, died about 1800. She was a daughter of the count de Cam-per-Saugeon, and mar...

Marie Sophie Schwartz - Marijy: Marie Sophie Schwartz Marie Sophie Schwartz, a Swedish novelist, born at Boras, July 4, 1819. She is a daughter of Johan Birath, a merchant, and married in 1839 Prof. Gustavus Magnus Schwartz, a phys...

Mariners Compass - Mariposa: Mariners Compass See Compass. Maringnano, Or Marisrnan See Melegnano. Marino Carburis Marino Carburis, count, a Greek engineer, born at Argostoli, Cephalonia, at the beginning of the 18th cen...

Maritza (Anc. Hebrm) - Markns Elieser Blow: Maritza (Anc. Hebrm) Maritza (Anc. Hebrm), a large river of Rou-melia, European Turkey. It rises on the K E. thmk of the Despoto Dagh (anc. Rhodope), a branch of the Balkan mountains, flows E. S. E. ...

Marl - Maros: Marl Marl, a clay containing a large proportion of carbonate of lime, sometimes 40 to 50 per cent. If the marl consists largely of shells or fragments of shells, it is called shell marl. In New Jerse...

Maros-Vasarhely - Martin De Vos: Maros-Vasarhely Maros-Vasarhely, a town of Transylvania, capital of the district of Maros, on the river Maros, 50 m. N. E. of Hermannstadt; pop. in 1870, 12,678. It has a fortified castle, with barra...

Martin Dobrizhoffer - Martinsburg: Martin Dobrizhoffer Martin Dobrizhoffer, a Jesuit missionary, born at Gratz, Styria, in 1717, died in Vienna, July 17, 1791. He was sent to South America in 1749, and passed 18 years among the Indian...

Martyrology - Mary Balfonr Brunton: Martyrology See Acta Sanctorum, Bol-land, and Martyr. Mary Ann Mrs. James Geay (Browne) Mary Ann Mrs. James Geay (Browne), an English poetess, born at Maidenhead Thicket, Berkshire, Sept. 24, 181...

Mary Beale - Mary Francis (Thornycroft): Mary Beale Mary Beale, an English artist, born in Suffolk in 1632, died Dec. 28, 1697. She became noted as a portrait painter in 1672, for the beauty of her coloring, which she had attained by copyin...

Mary Henderson Eastman - Mascarene Isles: Mary Henderson Eastman Mary Henderson Eastman, an American authoress, born in Warrenton, Fauquier co., Va., about 1817. In 1835 she married Capt. Seth Eastman of the U. S. army (author of a Treatis...

Maskinonge - Massagetae: Maskinonge Maskinonge, a S. W. county of Quebec, Canada, bounded S. E. by Lake St. Peter, an expansion of the St. Lawrence river; area, 3,221 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 15.079, of whom 14,782 were of Fren...

Massaruni - Matagorda: Massaruni Massaruni, a river of British Guiana, rising about lat. 4 30' N., Ion. 59 30' W., and holding an extremely circuitous course, first westward, then N. about 70 m., and finally 1ST....

Mataro - Mathurin Regnier: Mataro Mataro, a maritime city of Catalonia, Spain, in the province and 16 m. N. N. E. of the city of Barcelona; pop. about 17.500. It is divided into the old and new towns; the former on a declivity...

Matsimae, Or Matsmai - Matthew L Davis: Matsimae, Or Matsmai Matsimae, Or Matsmai, a city of Japan, in Yezo, at the mouth of a small river on the S. coast, hit. 41 30' ST., Ion. 140 3E., about 42 m. S. W. of Hakodate; pop. estim...

Matthew Lock - Matthias Claudius: Matthew Lock Matthew Lock, an English composer, born in Exeter about 1635, died in London in 1G7T. He was a pupil of Edward Gibbons, organist of Exeter cathedral, and was brought into prominence by c...

Matthias Corvims - Maurice Bourdin: Matthias Corvims See Matthias Corvinus. Matthias Jakob Schleiden Matthias Jakob Schleiden, a German botanist, born in Hamburg, April 5, 1804. He was professor of botany at Jena from 1839 to 1862,...

Maurice Of Saxony - Maverick: Maurice Of Saxony See Saxe. Mauro Macchi Mauro Macchi, an Italian author, born in Milan about 1815. He was professor of rhetoric, but the Austrian government removed him from that post in 1839. H...

Mawmoisine - Maximilian Hell: Mawmoisine See Malvoisine. Max Schultze Max Schultze, a German anatomist, born about 1825, died in Bonn, Jan. 16, 1874. He was professor at Bonn, where he superintended the establishment of the n...

Maximilian Joseph, "Duke In Bavaria" - Mayenne: Maximilian Joseph, Duke In Bavaria Duke In Bavaria Maximilian Joseph, a German author, born in Bamberg, Dec. 4, 1808. He is the only son of Pius Augustus, duke in Bavaria, married in 1828 the pri...

Mayor (Lat. Major; Fr. Maire) - Mccracken: Mayor (Lat. Major; Fr. Maire) Mayor (Lat. Major; Fr. Maire), the chief municipal officer in a borough or corporate town. The office arose out of the immunities granted to free cities by sovereigns in...

Mcculloch - Mcleman: Mcculloch Mcculloch, a W. county of Texas, bounded N. by the Colorado river; area, 915 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 173. The land along the Colorado is susceptible of good cultivation. Mcdonald Mcdonald...

Mcminn - Meagher: Mcminn Mcminn, a S. E. county of Tennessee, bordered on the S. W. by the Hiawassee river and drained by its tributaries; area, 475 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 13,969, of whom 1,830 were colored. It has an ...

Meandrina - Mecosta: Meandrina See Coral. Mearim Mearim, a river of Brazil, rising in the central portion of Maranhao, and flowing N. to lat. 3 20' S., where it unites with the Pindare to form the Maranhao, at t...

Medals - Medjidieh: Medals See Numismatics. Medard Chouart De Groseilliers Medard Chouart De Groseilliers, a French explorer of the 17th century. He was an early emigrant to Canada, where he married the daughter of ...

Medoc - Meiningen: Medoc See France, Wines of. Meeker Meeker, a S. central county of Minnesota, watered by Crow river, and containing numerous small lakes; area, 55 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 6,01)0. The surface is roll...

Meise - Melanosis: Meise Meise, a N. E. department of France, in the old province of Lorraine, bordering on Belgium and the departments of Meurthe-et-Moselle, Vosges, Haute-Marne, Marne, and Ar-dennes; area, 2,308 sq. ...

Melazzo - Melmoth: Melazzo See Milazzo. Melchior Meyr Melchior Meyr, a German author, born near Nordlingen, June 28, 1810, died in Munich, April 22, 1871. He studied at Anspach, Augsburg, Munich, and Heidelberg, be...

Melntosh - Memmiygen: Melntosh A S. E. county of Georgia, bounded S. E. by the Atlantic ocean, and S. W. by the Altamaha river; area, 550 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,491, of whom 3,288 were colored. It is drained by the Sapel...

Menai Strait - Menifee: Menai Strait Menai Strait, a narrow channel of Wales, which separates the island of Anglesea from Carnarvonshire. Its direction is .nearly S. W. and N. E., its length about 13 m., and its breadth fro...

Meningitis - Mequinez, Or Miknas: Meningitis See Braix, Diseases of the, vol. iii., p. 200. Menippiis Menippiis, a cynic philosopher, originally a slave, a native of Gadara in Syria, lived toward the close of the 4th, or, accordi...

Merced - Merionethshire: Merced Merced, a central county of California, intersected by the San Joaquin river, and watered by the Merced and Mariposa, its tributaries; area, 1,975 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 2,807, of whom 180 were...

Meriwether - Merthyr Tydfil (Or Tydvil): Meriwether Meriwether, a W. county of Georgia, bounded E. by Flint river, and drained by several creeks; area, 525 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 13,756, of whom 7.369 were colored. The county is noted for it...

Merv - Messene: Merv Merv, a town of Turkistan, in the khanate and 300 m. S. E. of the city of Khiva, and 12 m. E. of the Murghab river; pop. about 3,000. It was one of the four imperial cities of Khorasan, and was ...

Messiah - Meursius, Or De Menrs, Johannes: Messiah See Jesus Christ. Mestizo Mestizo, a Spanish-American term for the mixed offspring of Europeans and Indians. In Mexico, Peru, and Brazil, mestizos are very numerous. Their color is almost...

Mew, Or Sea Mew - Michael Baumgarten: Mew, Or Sea Mew Mew, Or Sea Mew, a name given in Great Britain to some of the smaller gulls, and especially to the common European species (larus canus, Linn.), called also winter mew. Mexican Pic...

Michael Bruce - Michael Scott: Michael Bruce Michael Bruce, a Scottisli poet, born at Kin-nesswood, county of Kinross, March 27, 1746, died there, July 6, 1767. His father was a weaver, but contrived to send him to the university ...

Michael Tuomey - Michel Jean Sedaine: Michael Tuomey Michael Tuomey, an American geologist, born in Cork, Ireland, Sept. 29, 1805, died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., March 20, 1857. He early emigrated to the United States, and in 1835 graduated a...

Michel Rene Hilliard Dauberteuil - Middlebury: Michel Rene Hilliard Dauberteuil Michel Rene Hilliard D'Auberteuil, a French author, born in Rennes, Jan. 31, 1751, died in Santo Domingo about 1785. He practised law in that colony, and published on...

Middlesborough - Mielar, Or Malar: Middlesborough Middlesborough, a town of Yorkshire, England, in the North riding, on the Tees, 3 1/2 m. from its mouth and 29 m. S. S. E. of New-castle-on-Tyne; pop. in 1871, 39,585. The population o...

Mieva Sparta, Or Margarita - Miguel La Fuente Y Alcantara: Mieva Sparta, Or Margarita Mieva Sparta, Or Margarita, an island in the Caribbean sea, off the coast of Venezuela, of which it is a province; length about 45 m., breadth from 5 to 20 m.; area, 441 sq...

Mihlenbirg - Mikhail Kheraskoff: Mihlenbirg Mihlenbirg, a W. county of Kentucky, bounded N. E. by Green river and W. by Pond river, its principal branch; area, 430 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 12,038, of whom 1,633 were colored. The surfac...

Mikhail Lomonosoff - Mikhail Speranski: Mikhail Lomonosoff Mikhail Lomonosoff, a Russian poet, born near Kholmogor, in the government of Archangel, in 1711, died in St. Petersburg in April, 1765. He was the son of a fisherman. With the aid...

Mikhail Zagoskin - Miles Darden: Mikhail Zagoskin Mikhail Zagoskin, a Russian author, born in the government of Penza in 1789, died in Moscow in July, 1852. He served in the campaign of 1812, was afterward connected with the imperia...

Milford - Milledgeville: Milford Milford, a town of Worcester co., Massachusetts, on the Milford branch of the Boston and Albany, and on the Milford and Woon-socket and the Hopkinton railroads, 30 m. S. W. of Boston; pop. in...

Millepede - Mimnermis: Millepede See Centipede. Millville Millville, a city of Cumberland co., New Jersey, on Maurice river, at the head of navigation, and on the West Jersey railroad, 40 m. S. of Philadelphia; pop. in...

Mina Bird - Minho: Mina Bird See Mino Bird. Minatitlan Minatitlan, a small town of Mexico, isthmus of Tehuantepec, on the W. bank of the Coatzacoalcos, 20 m. from its mouth and 125 m. S. E. of Vera Cruz; pop. about...

Ministee - Miqielon: Ministee Ministee, a N. W. county of the lower peninsula of Michigan, hounded W. by Lake Michigan, and watered by the Manistee river; area, about 550 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 0,074. The surface is level...

Mirad - Mirray: Mirad See Amurath. Miramichi Miramichi, a bay and river of New Brunswick. The bay is about 21 m. long and 20 m. wide at its mouth, Blackland point being on the north and Esquiminac point on the s...

Mirzapore - Missoula: Mirzapore Mirzapore, a town of British India, in the province and 50 m. E. S. E. of the city of Allahabad, and 30 m. W. by S. of Benares, on the right bank of the Ganges; pop. about 80,000. It is the...

Mitchell's Peak - Modica: Mitchell's Peak See Black Mountains. Mitilene See Mytilene. Mitrailleuse See Artilleuy, vol. i., p. 792. Mitteo Baschi Mitteo Baschi, an Italian Franciscan, founder of the Capuchins, died...

Modlin - Mointraille: Modlin See Novogeorgevitch. Modon See Sea Porcupine. Moesia (In Greek Mysia) Moesia (In Greek Mysia), an ancient coun-trv of eastern Europe, bounded N. by the Savus (Save) and Ister (Danube),...

Mokanna, Or Mocanna - Moline: Mokanna, Or Mocanna See Atha ben Hakem. Mola I. Pictro Francesco Pictro Francesco, an Italian painter, born at Coldre, near Como, in 1612 or 1621. died in Rome about 1666. He was a pupil of Cesa...

Molise - Mombaz, Or Mombasali Mombas: Molise See Campobasso. Moliwsts See Molina. Moloch Moloch, an Australian iguanian reptile, of the family agamida. The M. horridus (Gray) is the most ferocious-looking of the lizard tribe, and...

Momotombo - Moncton: Momotombo Momotombo, the loftiest volcano in the republic of Nicaragua, 7,200 ft. high, standing at the head of Lake Managua, 25 m. E. byN. of the city of Leon. It sends out constantly a light plume ...

Monday - Monier Williams: Monday Monday (Lat. Lunm Dies, Fr. lundi, Ger. Montag, the day of the moon), the second day of the week, which derives its designation from the Romans, who gave the names of the sun, moon, and five p...

Moniteau - Monongahela River: Moniteau Moniteau, a central countv of Missouri hounded N. E. by the Missouri river, and drained by Saline, Moreau, and Moniteau creeks; area 400 sq. m..; pop in 1870, 1870, 11 375 of whom 879 were c...

Monongalia - Mont De Marsan: Monongalia Monongalia, a N. county of West Virginia, bordering on Pennsylvania, and intersected by Monongahela and Cheat rivers; area, about 500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 13,547, of whom 231 were colored...

Montagie - Montferrat: Montagie Montagie, a N. county of Texas, separated from Indian territory by Red river; area, 900 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 890, of whom 24 were colored. There are some good bottom lands on Red river. The...

Montgolfier - Montreux; A Commune Of Switzerland: Montgolfier See Aeronautics. Montgomeryshire Montgomeryshire, a county of Wales, bordering on the counties of Denbigh, Salop (England), Radnor, Cardigan, and Merioneth; area, 755 sq. m.; pop. in ...

Montserrat - Moosehead Lake: Montserrat Montserrat, a mountain of Spain. See Monserrat. Monza Monza, a city of Italy, in Lombardy, on the river Lambro, which divides it into almost equal parts, 9 m. N. N. E. of Milan; pop. a...

Mor Jokai - Mordvins: Mor Jokai Mor Jokai, a Hungarian author, born at Comorn in 1825. He became known in 1842 by a drama, and in 1846 by a novel. He has since published more than 150 volumes. During the movements of 1848...

Morea - Moritz Haupt: Morea See Peloponnesus. Morehouse Morehouse, a N. parish of Louisiana, bordering on Arkansas, bounded W. by the Washita, and drained by Bartholomew and Bceuf rivers; area, 950 sq. m.; pop. in 187...

Moritz Lazarius - Morning Papers: Moritz Lazarius Moritz Lazarius, a German author, of Jewish parentage, born at Filehne, Posen, Sept. 15, 1824. He is the son of a learned rabbi who died in 1874. He studied at the gymnasium of Brunsw...

Morpheus - Morrow: Morpheus Morpheus (Gr. , to shape), in Grecian mythology, the son of Sleep and god of dreams. He is represented in a reclining posture, with a crown of poppies. His name (the fashioner or moulder) ...

Morse - Mostar: Morse See Walrus. Mortar See Artillery, and CannoN. Mortification See Gangrene. Morton Morton, a central county of Dakota, bounded E. by the Missouri river, recently formed, and not inclu...

Mothe (Or Motte) Cadillac - Mount (Russ Avatcha: Mothe (Or Motte) Cadillac See Cadillac. Mother Carey's Chicken See Petrel. Mother Of Pearl See Pearl. Mothyon See Montyon. Motion See Mechanics. Motril Motril, a town of Spain, in...

Mount Auburn - Mountains Of The Moon: Mount Auburn See Cambridge (Mass.). Mount Demavend Mount Demavend, the highest summit of the Elburz mountains in Persia, between the provinces of Irak-Ajemi and Mazanderan, lat. 35 50' N., l...

Mountstnart Elphinstone - Mrs. Hester Mulso (Chapone): Mountstnart Elphinstone Mountstnart Elphinstone, an English statesman and historian, 4th son of John, 11th Baron Ephinstone, born in 1779, died Nov. 20, 1859. In 1795 he entered the service of the Ea...

Mtzensk, Or Mzensk - Muhlhelm-On-The-Rhine: Mtzensk, Or Mzensk Mtzensk, Or Mzensk, a town of Russia, in the government and 35 m. N. E. of the city of Orel, on the Zusha; pop. in 1872, 13,373. It is the capital of a circle, contains 13 churches...

Muhlheum-On-The-Ruhr - Muller. Wilhelm: Muhlheum-On-The-Ruhr Muhlheum-On-The-Ruhr, a town of Rhenish Prussia, 35 m. N. of Cologne; pop. in 1871, 14.267. It has a Catholic and a Protestant church, a Reahchule, and a school of weaving. There...

Munkacs - Murviedro: Munkacs Munkacs, a town of. -N. E. Hungary, in the county of Bereg, on the Latorcza, 67 m. E. S. E. of Kaschau; pop. in 1870, 8,602. E. of it, on a high rock, is the fortress of the same name, remark...

Muscat Or Muscatel Wine - Mylitta: Muscat Or Muscatel Wine See France, Wines of, vol. vii.. p. 411, and Germany, Wines of, vol. vii., p. 775. Muscle Shoals See Tennessee River. Muscogee Muscogee, a W. county of Georgia, separa...

Myriapod - Nacogdoches: Myriapod See Centipede. Myrmeleon See Ant Lion. Myrmidones Myrmidones, an ancient Achaean race of Phthiotis in Thessaly. According to the legendary account, they originally came from Aegina, ...

Nahe - Nairnshire: Nahe Nahe, a river of Germany, one of the affluents of the Rhine. It rises on the confines of Rhenish Prussia and the detached portion of Oldenburg enclosed by that province, and after a tortuous cou...

Naja - Naphtali: Naja See Cobra de Capello. Namaqua Namaqua, a tribe of S. Africa, inhabiting both banks of the Orange river near the mouth. Their country is divided into Great and Little Namaqualand, and the lat...

Naphtali Daggett - Narcisse Achille De Salvandy: Naphtali Daggett Naphtali Daggett, an American clergyman, born at Attleborough, Mass., Sept. 8, 1727, died in New Haven, Conn., Nov. 25, 1780. He graduated at Yale college in 1748; in 1751 was ordain...

Narcotics - Nash: Narcotics Narcotics (Gr., torpor), substances which when taken into the blood affect all parts of the nervous system, but especially the higher nervous centres, in the direction of paralysis. A prima...

Nashta - Nassau William Senior: Nashta Nashta, a city and one of the shire towns of Hillsborough co., New Hampshire, at the junction of the Merrimack and Nashua rivers, 35 m. S. of Concord, and 40 m. N. N. W. of Boston; pop. in 18...

Nassick, Or Nashik - Nathaniel Hooke: Nassick, Or Nashik Nassick, Or Nashik, a town of British India, in the province and about 100 m. N. E. of the city of Bombay, capital of a collectorate of the same name (pop. in 1872. 672,791), on th...

Nathaniel Lardner - Nathaniel Niles: Nathaniel Lardner Nathaniel Lardner, an English divine, born at Hawkshurst, Kent, in 1684, died there, July 24, 1768. He belonged to the Presbyterian denomination, but entertained Unitarian opinions....

Nathaniel Rochester - Natural Philosophy: Nathaniel Rochester Nathaniel Rochester, an American pioneer, born in Westmoreland co., Va., Feb. 21, 1752, died in Rochester, N. Y., May 17, 1831. In early life he became a merchant at Hillsboro, N....

Naumann Joliaiiu Friedrieh - Nazareans: Naumann Joliaiiu Friedrieh Naumann Joliaiiu Friedrieh, a German ornithologist, horn at Ziebigk, near Köthen, Feb. 14, 1780, died in Köthen, Aug. 15, 1857. He was the son of the ornithologist Johann A...

Nazarene - Nectar: Nazarene Nazarene, a term of contempt applied to Christ and his first disciples, from Nazareth, the place of his residence, a poor town in the despised region of Galilee. There was a sect of heretics...

Nectary (Nectarium) - Nelson River: Nectary (Nectarium) Nectary (Nectarium), the term applied by Linnaeus to the parts of the flower in which nectar or honey is secreted. It was afterward used for any anomalous appendage to the flower,...

Nemesis - Neoptolemes: Nemesis Nemesis, in Grecian mythology, a daughter of Night, though sometimes called a daughter either of Erebus or of Oceanus. She was a personification of conscience, and is mentioned by Hesiod in c...

Neosho - Nertchinsk: Neosho Neosho, a S. E. county of Kansas, intersected by the Neosho river; area, 576 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 10,206. It is traversed by the Missouri, Kansas, and Texas, and the Leavenworth, Lawrence, an...

Nervers - Neu-Strelitz: Nervers Nervers, a town of France, capital of the department of Nievre, on the Loire, at the junction of the Nievre. 130 m. S. S. E. of Paris; pop. in 1872, 22,276. Caesar mentions the town in his C...

Neuilly - Neustria: Neuilly Neuilly, a town of France, in the department of Seine, on the right bank of the river Seine, 1½ m. N. W. of the enceinte of Paris; pop. in 1872, 16,277. The river is here crossed by a handsom...

Neuters - Nevil Maskelyne: Neuters Neuters, a tribe of American Indians formerly living on both sides of the Niagara between the Hurons and Iroquois, to whom they were related, and remaining neutral in the war between those tr...

New Biscay - New Harmony: New Biscay New Biscay. See Dttkango. New Brighton New Brighton, a borough of Beaver co., Pennsylvania, on the E. bank of Beaver river, here crossed by a bridge, 3 m. above its entrance into the O...

New Holland - New Ross: New Holland See Attstealia. New Lanark See Lanark. New Leon See Nuevo Leon. New Madrid New Madrid, a S. E. county of Missouri, bordering on the Mississippi river, by which it is separated...

New Testament - Newry: New Testament See Bible. Newaygo Newaygo, a W. county of the southern peninsula of Michigan, watered by the Muskegon, Marquette, and other streams; area, about 875 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 7,294. Th...

Newt - Nicholas Hawrsmoor: Newt See Triton. Niaernais Niaernais, an ancient province of France, now comprised in the department of Nievre. It was situated near the centre of the kingdom, and surrounded by Burgundy, Bourbon...

Nicholas Hilliard - Nicholas Saunderson: Nicholas Hilliard Nicholas Hilliard, an English miniature painter, born in Exeter in 1547, died in 1619. He was by profession a jeweller; but having a taste for painting, he studied the works of Holb...

Nicholas Udall - Nicolas Beauzee: Nicholas Udall Nicholas Udall, an English author, born in Hampshire in 1506, died in 1564. He was educated at Oxford, was master successively of Eton and Westminster schools, and in the early part of...

Nicolas Dalayrac - Nicolas Jacquier: Nicolas Dalayrac Nicolas Dalayrac, a French composer, born at Muret, June 13, 1753, died in Paris, Nov. 27, 1809. He was destined for the law, but went to Paris in 1774 and devoted himself to music. ...

Nicolas Louis Carat - Nicollet: Nicolas Louis Carat Nicolas Louis Carat, a French landscape painter, born in Paris, Dec. 24, 1812. He studied under Camille Flers, explored the picturesque regions of France and subsequently of Italy...

Nicolo Canale - Nicopolis: Nicolo Canale Nicolo Canale, a Venetian admiral who lived in the second half of the 15th century. In 1469 he was commander of the Venetian fleet at Negropont (the ancient Chalcis), and succeeded in s...

Nicopoli, Or Nicopolis - Nieolo Campobasso: Nicopoli, Or Nicopolis Nicopoli, Or Nicopolis, a city of European Turkey, in Bulgaria, on the right bank of the Danube, 75 m. S. W. of Bucharest, and 280 m. N. W. of Constantinople; pop. about 10,000...

Nievre - Nikolai Greth: Nievre Nievre, a central department of France, comprising the old province of Nivernais, bordering on the departments of Yonne, Cote d'Or, Saône-et-Loire, Allier, Cher, and Loiret; area, 2,632 sq. m....

Nikolai Ivammtch Novikoff - Nikolaus Lenau: Nikolai Ivammtch Novikoff Nikolai Ivammtch Novikoff, a Russian author, born at Tikhvensk, near Moscow, in 1744, died there, Aug. 11, 1818. He early published The Painter, on the plan of the Specta...

Nikolsbirg - Nipigon, Or Nepigon: Nikolsbirg Nikolsbirg, a town of Austria, in the province of Moravia, 45 m. N. by E. of Vienna; pop. in 1869, 8,758. It has a gymnasium conducted by the Piarists, a Jewish school, an industrial schoo...

Nipissing, Or Nepissing - Nodaway: Nipissing, Or Nepissing Nipissing, Or Nepissing, a lake of Ontario, Canada, nearly midway between Lake Huron and the Ottawa river. It is about '50 m. long from E. to W. and 15 m. in greatest breadth,...

Nodiixite - Nootka Sound: Nodiixite Nodiixite, a large, coin-shaped, foraminif-erous protozoan, living in immense numbers in the seas of the eocene tertiary epoch, and constituting strata sometimes several thousand feet thick...

Nordlingen - North Cape: Nordlingen Nordlingen, a fortified town of Bavaria, in the district of Swabia and Neuburg, 38 m. N. W. of Augsburg; pop. in 1871, 7,081. It is surrounded by walls with towers at intervals, contains a...

North River - November: North River See Hudson River. Northamptonshire Northamptonshire, an inland county of England, bordering on the counties of Lincoln, Cambridge, Huntingdon, Bedford, Buckingham, Oxford, Warwick, Le...

Novi - Noyogeorgieysk: Novi Novi, a town of Italy, in the province of Alessandria, 24 m. N. by W. of Genoa; pop. about 12,000. It is walled, and has broad though irregular streets, and a handsome square, with a fountain. T...

Ntphon - Numaxtia: Ntphon See Nippon. Nuble Nuble, an inland province of Chili, bordering on the provinces of Maule and Concep-cion, and separated from the Argentine Republic by the Andes; area, 3,700 sq. m.; pop. ...

Numbers - Nutter: Numbers Numbers, one of the canonical books of the Old Testament, and the fourth of the five books of Moses. It is called in the Hebrew canon Bemidbar, in the desert, from a leading word in the fir...

Nyborg - Ober And Inter Elchingen: Nyborg Nyborg, a fortified town of the island of Funen, Denmark, on the Great Belt, 16 m. E. S. E. of Odense; pop. about 4,000. It is defended by a strong citadel, and is the place where the Sound du...

Obi, Or Ob - Obrien: Obi, Or Ob Obi, Or Ob, a river of Siberia, formed, at about lat. 52 K, lon. 85 20' E., by the junction of the Katunya and Biya, which rise in the Altai mountains. It pursues a circuitous bu...

Obseeyjlvts - Oconto: Obseeyjlvts See Franciscans. Oceajya Oceajya, a W. county of Michigan, on Lake Michigan, drained by White and Marquette rivers and other streams; area, 780 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 7,222. It has an ...

Ocosingo - Oder: Ocosingo Ocosingo, a town in the Mexican state of Chiapas, 65 m. S. E. of Ciudad Real; pop. about 4,000. It derives its principal interest from a series of extraordinary aboriginal monuments in its v...

Odilon Barrot - Offenbach: Odilon Barrot See Barrot. Odometer Odometer (Gr., a road, and pov, a measure), an instrument for determining the distances passed over in travelling, also known as pedometer, perambulator, etc. O...

Offenbirg - Oglethorpe: Offenbirg Offenbirg, a town of Baden, at the entrance of the Kinzig valley, 40 m. S. W. of Carlsruhe; pop. in 1871, 5,756. It has a Catholic gymnasium, a female seminary in connection with a convent,...

Oglio - Okanagans: Oglio Oglio (anc. Ollius), a river of northern Italy, flowing through Lombardy. It rises in the Rhaetian Alps at the foot of Mount Tonale, in the N. E. part of the province of Bergamo, flows S. W. an...

Okeghem, Or Oekenheim, Jan - Old And New Testament: Okeghem, Or Oekenheim, Jan Okeghem, Or Oekenheim, Jan, a Flemish musician, born about 1430, died about 1513. Most of his life was spent in France, where he held important civil offices under three ki...

Old Birnee - Oleron: Old Birnee Old Birnee, the capital of the kingdom of Bornoo, in central Africa, 70 m. W. of Kuka, on the Komadugu Waube; pop. about 10,000. It is said to have formerly had 200,000 inhabitants. The ru...

Olga - Olykthus: Olga Olga, a Russian princess and saint of the Greek church, died in 969. She was the wife of Igor, grand duke of Kiev, the son of Rurik. Her husband fell in battle in 945, and she was regent for ten...

Olympe Audouard - Omsk: Olympe Audouard Olympe Audouard, a French traveller and writer, born about 1830. Having separated from her husband, who was a notary of Marseilles, she visited Egypt, Turkey, Russia, and the United S...

On - Onslow: On See Heliopolis. Onega Onega, a lake of N. W. Russia, in the government of Olonetz, between lat. 60 50' and 63 N.; extreme length 160 m., greatest breadth 50 m.; area, 4,000 sq. m. It...

Ontakio - Oppeln: Ontakio Ontakio, a county of the province of Ontario, Canada, on the N. shore of Lake Ontario; area, 859 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 45,890, of whom 19,290 were of English, 12,098 of Irish, 9,976 of Scotch...

Oppenheim - Orangeburg: Oppenheim Oppenheim, a town of Germany, in the grand duchy of Hesse, on the Rhine, 10 m. S. by E. of Mentz; pop. in 1871, 2,926. It occupies the site of an ancient Roman castle, and at one time was o...

Oranienbaum - Ore Mountains: Oranienbaum Oranienbaum, a town of Russia, on the gulf of Finland, in the government and 20 m. W. of the city of St. Petersburg, opposite Cronstadt. It is celebrated for its picturesque situation, an...

Orebro - Orlando Dior Orlandus Lassus Lasso: Orebro Orebro, a city of Sweden, capital of a lan or province of the same name, situated at the W. end of Lake Hjelmar, which receives here the Swarta river and forms a harbor, 100 m. W. of Stockholm...

Orlemais - Orrery: Orlemais Orlemais, an ancient province of France, near the centre of the country, bounded N. E. by He de France, E. by Champagne and Burgundy, S. by Berry, W. by Touraine, Maine, and Perche, and N. W...

Orris Root - Oskaloosa: Orris Root See Iris. Orthoptera Orthoptera, an order of insects, with chewing jaws, two rather thick and opaque upper wings, slightly overlapping on the back, and two larger thin, plaited, straig...

Oskar Ferdinand Peschel - Oswald Heer: Oskar Ferdinand Peschel Oskar Ferdinand Peschel, a German geographer, born in Dresden, March 17, 1826. He studied law in Leipsic and Heidelberg, but accepted a position on the editorial staff of the ...

Oswald Ottendorfer - Otter Tail: Oswald Ottendorfer Oswald Ottendorfer, a German-American journalist, born at Zwittau, Moravia, Feb. 26, 1826. He studied jurisprudence in Prague and Vienna, and settled in New York in 1850, when he b...

Otto Bohtlingx - Otto Linne Erdmann: Otto Bohtlingx Otto Bohtlingx, a Russian orientalist, of German descent, born in St. Petersburg, May 30, 1815. He studied at Berlin and Bonn, and became a member of the St. Petersburg academy of scie...

Otto Ludwig - Ottumwa: Otto Ludwig Otto Ludwig, a German poet, born at Eisfeld, Saxe-Meiningen, Feb. 11, 1813, died in Dresden, Feb. 25, 1865. He studied music in Leipsic under Mendelssohn, but ill health preventing him fr...

Oudenarde, Or Audenarde - Owen Sound: Oudenarde, Or Audenarde Oudenarde, Or Audenarde, a fortified town of Belgium, in the province of East Flanders, on the Scheldt, 15 m. S. S. W. of Ghent; pop. about 6,000. It has manufactures of cotto...

Owosso - Oxeye: Owosso Owosso, a city of Shiawassee co., Michigan, on the Shiawassee river, at the junction of the Detroit and Milwaukee and the Jackson, Lansing, and Saginaw railroads, 75 m. N. W. of Detroit, and 2...

Oxlip - Pablo De Cespedes: Oxlip See Primrose. Oxydendrijm See Tree Sorrel. Oyer And Terminer Oyer And Terminer, the technical name of the commission by virtue of which the judges in England take cognizance of and try ...

Pacha - Painesville: Pacha See Pasha. Pacific Pacific, the S. W. county of Washington territory, bordering on the Pacific ocean, and bounded S. by the Columbia river; area, 1,140 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 738. It is deep...

Painter's Colic - Pales: Painter's Colic See Colic, and Lead. Paisley Paisley, a manufacturing town of Renfrewshire, Scotland, on both banks of the White Cart, about 3 in. above its junction with the Clyde, 8 m. W. by S....

Palestrina - Palimjrum: Palestrina Palestrina (anc. Prameste), a town of Italy, in the province and 23 m. E. S. E. of Rome; pop. about 6,000. It is built almost entirely on the site of the ancient temple of Fortune, which a...

Palk Strait - Pancsova: Palk Strait See Ceylon. Pall, Or Palla See Pallium. Pallas See Minerva. Palm Sunday See Holy Week. Palma Christi See Castoe Oil. Palos Palos, a town of Andalusia, Spain, in the pr...

Pandects - Paolo Federigo Sclopis De Salerano: Pandects See Civil Law, vol. iv., p. 623. Panel See Jury, vol. ix., p. 724. Pangaum See Goa, New. Panini Panini, a Sanskrit grammarian, probably of the 4th century B. 0., according to a p...

Paolo Mascagm - Paphos: Paolo Mascagm Paolo Mascagm, an Italian anatomist, born at Castelleto, near Siena, in 1752, died in Florence, Oct, 19, 1815. He became professor of anatomy at the university of Siena in 1774, and in ...

Papias - Paregoric Elixir: Papias Papias, an early Christian writer, bishop of Hierapolis in Phrygia. He wrote an Explication of the Speeches of the Lord, of which only a few fragments remain. He entertained the idea that t...

Parent And Child - Parmenio: Parent And Child See Infant. Parepa-Rosa See Rosa. Parhelia See Halo. Pariahs Pariahs, a low caste of the Tamil country and race, in southern India, whose name is erroneously applied by E...

Parmmides - Partridge Wood: Parmmides Parmmides, a Grecian philosopher, born in Elea in Italy about 513 B. C. He was the instructor of Empedocles and Zeno. He went to Athens at the age of 65, and Plato called him the great, a...

Pasht - Patella: Pasht See Bubastis. Pasiphae See Minos. Pasquotank Pasquotank, a N E. county of North Carolina, bordering-on Virginia, and bounded N. E. by the Pasquotank river, and S. by Albemarle sound; ar...

Patrick Brydone - Patrick Murray: Patrick Brydone Patrick Brydone, a Scottish traveller, born near Dumbarton in 1741, died near Coldstream, June 19, 1818. As a travelling tutor he visited France and Italy in 1767-'8, and Sicily and M...

Patroclus - Paul Ernst Jablonski: Patroclus Patroclus, a Greek legendary hero, the friend of Achilles, and son of Menoetius of Opus. While a boy he accidentally killed Cly-sonymus, and in consequence was sent to the court of his rela...

Paul Janet - Paul Ulrich Dubuisson: Paul Janet Paul Janet, a French author, born in Paris in April, 1823. He is a follower of Cousin, and has been professor at Bourges and Strasburg, and at the lyceum of Louis-le-Grand, Paris. In 1864 ...

Paul Veronese - Peace River: Paul Veronese See Cagliari. Paul Veronese #1 See Cagliari. Paulcon See Constantin Fauloon. Paulus Aegineta Paulus Aegineta, a Greek physician, born in the island of AEgina probably in the 7...

Pearl River - Peder Olnf Brondsted: Pearl River Pearl River, a stream rising in Winston co., Mississippi, in the E. central portion of the state. It flows S. W. to Jackson, then S. S. E. to the 31st parallel of latitude, and thence S...

Pedometer - Pelham: Pedometer See Odometer. Pedro Lopez De Ayala Pedro Lopez De Ayala, a Spanish poet, chronicler, and soldier, born at Murcia in 1332, died at Calahorra in 1407. He held high offices under successiv...

Peligm - Pembina: Peligm Peligm, an ancient people of central Italy, of Sabine origin, who occupied a very small territory between the Marrucini, the Marsi, Samnium, and the Frentani. They were renowned as warlike, li...

Pembroke - Penobscots And P Assamaquoddies: Pembroke Pembroke, a borough and seaport of Pembrokeshire, Wales, on a creek of Milford Haven, 206 m. W. by K of London; pop. in 1871, 18,* 704. At the W. extremity of the rocky ridge on which the to...

Penzance - Percival Pott: Penzance Penzance, a seaport and the most westerly town of England, on Mount's bay, Cornwall, 24 m. S. W. of Truro and 9 m. E. N. E. of Land's End; pop. in 1871, 10,406. It stands on a beautiful shor...

Percussion Cap - Perigueux: Percussion Cap See Explosives, vol. vii., p. 39. Perdido Perdido, a small river and bay, which form the W. boundary of Florida, separating Escambia co. in that state from Baldwin co. in Alabama. ...

Perihelion - Persis: Perihelion Perihelion (Gr. , about, and , sun), that point of the orbit of a planet or a comet where it is nearest to the sun. The distance of this point from the sun is called the perihelion d...

Persimmon - Petchora: Persimmon See Date Plum. Person Person, a N. county of North Carolina, bordering on Virginia, and drained by branches of the Dan and the head waters of the Neuse river; area, about 400 sq. m.; po...

Peten - Peter Chardon Brooks: Peten Peten, a district forming the northernmost portion of Guatemala, in the department of Vera Paz, formerly the home of the Itzaes; estimated area, 20,000 sq. m.; pop. in 1839, the date of the las...

Peter F Rothermel - Peter II: Peter F Rothermel Peter F Rothermel, an American painter, born in Luzerne co., Pa., July 8, 1817. He was educated as a land surveyor, studied painting, and about 1840 commenced practice as a portrait...

Peter Joseph Von Lindpaintner - Peter Louis Pahlen: Peter Joseph Von Lindpaintner Peter Joseph Von Lindpaintner, a German composer, born in Coblentz, Dec. 8, 1791, died at Nonnenhorn on Lake Constance, Aug. 21, 1856. He was for many years leader of th...

Peter Mark Roget - Peterhead: Peter Mark Roget Peter Mark Roget, an English author, born in London in 1779, died there, Sept. 13, 1869. He graduated in medicine at the university of Edinburgh in 1798, and after a tour to the cont...

Peteror Petrus Lombardus Lombard - Pettis: Peteror Petrus Lombardus Lombard Peteror Petrus Lombardus Lombard, an Italian theologian, born near Novara about the beginning of the 12th century, died in Paris about 1160. He first studied at Bolog...

Pevnacooks - Phaedrus: Pevnacooks See Massachusetts Indians. Pfafers, Or Pfeffers Pfafers, Or Pfeffers, a watering place of Switzerland, in the canton of St. Gall, 2 m. S. of Ragatz. It is more than 2,000 ft. above the...

Phaethon - Pharo: Phaethon Phaethon (Gr. , the shining), in Greek mythology, the son of Helios (the sun) and the Oceanid Olymene. To satisfy those who doubted whether the sun was his father, he obtained from Helios...

Phaulcon - Philip Blojdiaert: Phaulcon See Constantin Fattlcon. Phcebus See Apollo. Phenol, Or Phenic Acid See Carbolic Acid. Pherecydes I. A Greek Philosopher Of Syros A Greek Philosopher Of Syros, said to have been...

Philip Carteret - Philip Wouverman: Philip Carteret Philip Carteret, an English navigator, was captain of the Swallow in the expedition commanded by Samuel Wallis, which sailed Aug. 22, 1766, on a voyage of discovery to the South seas;...

Philipp Karl Buttmann - Philippe De Champagne, Or Champaigne: Philipp Karl Buttmann Philipp Karl Buttmann, a German philologist, born at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Dec. 5, 1764, died in Berlin, June 21, 1829. He finished his education at Gottingen, and in 1789 was ...

Philippe Egalite - Philippe Nericault Destouches: Philippe Egalite Philippe Egalite. See Orleans. Philippe Francois Pinel Dumanoir Philippe Francois Pinel Dumanoir, a French playwright, born in Guadeloupe in July, 1806, died at Pau in November, ...

Philippe Quinault - Philippsburg: Philippe Quinault Philippe Quinault, a French dramatist, born in Paris, June 3, 1635, died there, Nov. 26, 1688. When about 18 years old he produced on the stage a five-act comedy, Les rivales, which...

Philips, Or Phillips, John - Phoenix: Philips, Or Phillips, John Philips, Or Phillips, John, an English poet, born at Bampton, Oxfordshire, Dec. 30, 1676, died Feb. 15, 1708. He was educated at Winchester and at Christ Church, Oxford. I...

Phraortes - Piccolomini: Phraortes See Media. Phryne Phryne, an Athenian hetaira or courtesan, of the latter part of the 4th century B. C, born in Thespiae, Boeotia. She was of very humble birth, and at first was employe...

Picenum - Pierre Adolphe Piorby: Picenum Picenum, an ancient division of central Italy, bordering on the Adriatic, Umbria, and the territories of the Sabines and Vestini. It was traversed by spurs of the Apennines, and drained by th...

Pierre Alexis De Ponson Du Terrail - Pierre Boigier: Pierre Alexis De Ponson Du Terrail Pierre Alexis De Ponson Du Terrail, viscount, a French novelist, born at Montmaur, near Grenoble, July 8,1829, died in Bordeaux, Jan. 30, 1871. He early became know...

Pierre Carlet De Chamblain De Marivaux - Pierre Francois Henri Labrouste: Pierre Carlet De Chamblain De Marivaux Pierre Carlet De Chamblain De Marivaux, a French author, horn in Paris in 1088, died there, Feb. 12, 1763. He wrote about 30 comedies, the greater part for the ...

Pierre Francois Jacobs - Pierre Francois Olive Rayer: Pierre Francois Jacobs Pierre Francois Jacobs, a Belgian painter, born in Brussels about 1780, died in Rome in 1808. He repeatedly won prizes while a student at the academy of Brussels, and became fa...

Pierre Guillaumc Frederic Le Play - Pierre Joseph Francois Bosquet: Pierre Guillaumc Frederic Le Play Pierre Guillaumc Frederic Le Play, a French author, born at Honfleur, April 11, 1806. He became a military engineer, director of a mining school, and commissary gene...

Pierre Joseph Redoute - Pierre Ligier: Pierre Joseph Redoute Pierre Joseph Redoute, a French painter of flowers, born at St. Hubert, near Liége, July 10, 1759, died in Paris, June 19, 1840. He belonged to a family of painters, and, having...

Pierre Loison - Pierre Martial Cibot: Pierre Loison Pierre Loison, a French sculptor, born at Mer, Loir-et-Cher, in 1821. He studied under David d'Angers, and exhibited his first works in 1845. In 1853 he exhibited his statues of Hero ...

Pierre Millet - Pierre Richer De Belleval: Pierre Millet Pierre Millet, a French missionarv. born in 1631, died in Quebec, March 22, 1708. He came to America in 1666, and was soon after sent to Onondaga, laboring there and at Oneida till 1684...

Pierre Rose Crsnle Dnmonlin Borie - Pieter De Jode: Pierre Rose Crsnle Dnmonlin Borie Pierre Rose Crsnle Dnmonlin Borie, a French missionary, born at Beynat, Feb. 20, 1808, put to death in Tonqnin, Nov. 24,1838. After completing his studies for the pr...

Pieter De Witte - Pietro Colletta: Pieter De Witte See Candido. Pieter Gerard Van Os Pieter Gerard Van Os, a Dutch painter, born at the Hague in 1776, died there in 1839. He formed his style after Paul Potter and Dujartlin, and be...

Pietro De Crescenzi - Pietro Santi Bartoli: Pietro De Crescenzi Pietro De' Crescenzi, an Italian writer on agriculture, born about 1230, died in 1320. He wrote Opus Ruralium Commodorum, containing not only his personal experiences and observat...

Pietro Tenerani - Pilcomayo: Pietro Tenerani Pietro Tenerani, an Italian sculptor, born at Torano, near Carrara, Nov. 11, 1789, died in Rome, Dec. 14, 1869. He studied after 1814 in Rome under Canova and Thorwaldsen, and became ...

Piles - Pinerolo, Or Pignerol: Piles See HAEmorrhoids. Pillars Of Hercules See Gibraltar. Pillau Pillau, a seaport of Prussia, in the province of Prussia, 26 W. by S. of Konigsberg, on the Baltic, at the entrance of the Fr...

Pinnigrades - Pirmasens: Pinnigrades Pinnigrades, a division of carnivorous mammals, in which the legs are short, the feet being broad, webbed paddles for swimming, as in the seals. Pintado See Guinea Fowl. Pinto De F...

Pirna - Piute: Pirna Pirna, a town of Saxony, on the left bank of the Elbe, 10 m. S. E. of Dresden; pop. in 1871, 8,905. It has a celebrated lunatic asylum. The town was of importance during the middle ages, but it...

Placenta - Platon Levshin: Placenta See Embryology. Placentia See Piacenza. Placoids Placoids (Gr. , to cover with plates), a division of cartilaginous fishes in the old system of Agassiz, including the sharks and r...

Platte River - Ploc, Or Plotzk: Platte River See Nebraska. Platypus See Ornithorhynchus. Plauen Plauen, a town of Saxony, in the circle of Zwickau, on the White Elster, 60 m. S. by W. of Leipsic; pop. in 1871, 23,355. It is...

Plombieres - Pnrple Of Cassius: Plombieres Plombieres, a watering place of France, in the department of Vosges, 15 m. S. of Epinal, in a fine valley of the Angronne, a tributary of the Saone, about 1,300 ft. above the level of the ...

Poaching - Pointe-A-Pitre: Poaching See Game Laws. Podlachia (Pol. Podlesie) See Siedlce. Poetry Poetry (Gr. , to make), imaginative composition in metrical or highly fanciful Ianguage. In this work the history of p...

Poison Ivy, Or Poison Oak - Polynesia: Poison Ivy, Or Poison Oak See Sumach. Pokanorets See Massachusetts Indians. Polarization See Light, vol. x., p. 445. Polidoro Caldara See Caravaggio. Polimthes See Tuberose. Polka ...

Polynices - Pomponius Mela: Polynices See Eteocles. Polyphemus Polyphemus, in classical mythology, the principal of the Sicilian Cyclops, a son of Neptune, who is represented by Homer as a gigantic shepherd, with one eye in...

Pomptine Marshes - Pontchartrain: Pomptine Marshes See Pontine Marshes. Ponce De Leon See Ponce de Leon. Ponce Denis Ecouchard Lebrun Ponce Denis Ecouchard Lebrun, a French poet, born in Paris, Aug. 11, 1729, died there, Aug....

Ponte Corvo - Poodle (Canis Aquaticus): Ponte Corvo Ponte Corvo, a town of S. Italy, in the province of Caserta, on the Garigliano, 50 m. N. W. of Naples; pop. of the commune about 11,000. It was acquired by Pope Julius II., and with a sma...

Poole - Port Hope: Poole Poole, a town and seaport of Dorsetshire, England, on a peninsula, 20 m. E. of Dorchester; pop. in 1871, 10,097. The principal street is a mile long, but the older part of the town is irregular...

Port Jervis - Portneuf: Port Jervis Port Jervis, a village of Orange co., New York, on the Delaware river at the mouth of the Nevisink, and on the Erie railroad and the Delaware and Hudson canal, 100 m. S. S. W. of Albany, ...

Porto Alegre - Posey: Porto Alegre Porto Alegre, a maritime city of Brazil, capital of the province of Sao Pedro or Rio Grande do Sul, on the Rio Jacuhy, near its mouth, 710 m. S. W. of Rio de Janeiro; pop. about 15,000. ...

Posidonius - Pound Sterling: Posidonius Posidonius, a Greek stoic philosopher, born in Apamea in Syria, probably about 135 B. C, died in Rome about 51. He studied at Athens under Pansetius, and settled in Rhodes, where he became...

Powell - Praise God Barebone: Powell Powell, an E. county of Kentucky, intersected by Red river, a tributary of the Kentucky; area, about 300 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 2,599, of whom 239 were colored. The surface is hilly and the soi...

Prakrit - Prenzlau, Or Prenzlow: Prakrit See India, Races and Languages of, vol. ix., p. 216. Prato Prato, a town of Italy, in the province and 10 m. N.W. of the city of Florence, on the Bisenzio, an affluent of the Arno; pop. a...

Prescot - Priam: Prescot Prescot, a town and parish of Lancashire, England, 6 m. E. N. E. of Liverpool; pop. of the town in 1871, 5,990; of the parish (area 57 sq. m.), 80,520 (in 1861, 63,540). The parish stands on ...

Prickly Pear - Prince William: Prickly Pear See Cactus. Priests Of The Mission See Lazaeists. Priests Of The Oratory See Oratoryans. Primorsk, Or Littoral Province Primorsk, Or Littoral Province, the easternmost divisi...

Prince's Feather - Priscianus: Prince's Feather See Amaranth. Princess Anne Princess Anne, a county forming the S. E. extremity of Virginia, bordered N. by Chesapeake bay, E. by the Atlantic, and S. by North Carolina; area, ab...

Priseilla Trewman (Wakefield) - Proboscidians: Priseilla Trewman (Wakefield) Priseilla Trewman (Wakefield), an English authoress, born at Tottenham, near London, about 1751, died in Ipswich in 1832. She published numerous works, chiefly education...

Proconsul - Proserpine, Or Persephone: Proconsul Proconsul, a Roman magistrate who acted for the consul in the government of a province, and was almost always one who had previously been consul. The first proconsul was Q. Pub-lilius Philo...

Prosper Poitevin - Protesilaus: Prosper Poitevin Prosper Poitevin, a French lexicographer, born about 1810. He studied in Paris, and became a teacher, and for a short time was professor of rhetoric at the college Rollin. In early l...

Proteus - Prudens Van Duyse: Proteus Proteus, in Greek and Roman mythology, a sea god subject to Neptune, whose flocks he tended. At midday he always arose from the flood and slept in the shadow of the rocks on the coast, and th...

Prune - Ptah, Or Phthah: Prune See Plum. Prusa, Or Prusias See Brusa. Prussian Blue Prussian Blue. See Prussian Blue. Prussian Blue #1 See Potassium. Prussic Acid See Hydrocyanic Acid. Pruth Pruth (anc. Por...

Pterichthys - Puerto Cabello: Pterichthys See Ganoids. Pteropods See Mollusoa. Ptolemais See Acre. Publius Qnintilins Varus See Arminius. Publius Tcrentins Varro Publius Tcrentins Varro, a Latin author, surnamed A...

Puerto La Mar - Purus: Puerto La Mar See Cobija. Puerto Plata, Or Porto Plata Puerto Plata, Or Porto Plata, a seaport town of Santo Domingo, on the N. coast, 100 m. N. N. W. of Santo Domingo city; pop. about 3,000. It ...

Putrefaction - Pylos: Putrefaction See Fermentation, vol. vii., p. 144. Putty Putty, a kind of cement used for filling cavities in cabinet and carpenter's work, for fastening window panes in sashes, and kindred purpos...

Pyramus And Thisbe - Pythia: Pyramus And Thisbe Pyramus And Thisbe, a youth and maiden of Babylon, celebrated in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Their parents opposed their union, but the lovers, living in adjoining houses, found means to...

Python - Quelpaert Island: Python Python (Daudin), a genus of large tropical, non-venomous serpents, replacing in the old world the boas of the new. The pythons differ from the boas in having four teeth in the intermaxillary b...

Quesada - Quintus Roscius: Quesada See Ximenes de Quesada. Quicksilver See Mercury. Quietism See Molinos. Quilimane, Or Kilimane Quilimane, Or Kilimane, a town and military station in the Portuguese territory of Mo...

Quitman - Racoonda, Or Conia Coypu: Quitman Quitman, a S. W. county of Georgia, separated from Alabama by the Chattahoochee and drained by Pataula creek and other streams; area, 190 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,150, of whom 2,377 were color...

Radnorshire - Raffaellino Dal Colle: Radnorshire Radnorshire, a county of S. Wales, bordering on Montgomery, Shropshire, Hereford, Brecknock, and Cardigan; area, 432 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 25,430. The chief towns are Presteign, Knighton,...

Raffaello Bombelli - Ralls: Raffaello Bombelli Raffaello Bombelli, a Bolognese mathematician of the 16th century. He published in 1572 a treatise on algebra, in which he first attempted the solution of the irreducible case i...

Ralph Izard - Rambouillet: Ralph Izard Ralph Izard, an American statesman, born near Charleston, S. C, in 1742, died at South Bay, May 30,1804. He was educated at Cambridge, England, inherited an ample fortune, and in 1771 set...

Rameses, Or Ramses - Ransom: Rameses, Or Ramses Rameses, Or Ramses, the name of 14 or 15 Egyptian kings of the 19th and 20th dynasties, called collectively the Ramessids. Rame-ses I. was the first monarch of the 19th dynasty, be...

Raoul-Rochette - Rappaport, Or Rapoport, Solomon Judah: Raoul-Rochette See Rochette. Raphael Kuhner Raphael Kuhner, a German philologist, born in Gotha, March 22,1802. He studied in Got-tingen, and became in 1824 teacher of Latin and Greek at the lyce...

Raratonga, Or Rarotonga - Ravee: Raratonga, Or Rarotonga See Cook's Islands. Raritan Raritan, a river of New Jersey, formed by the confluence in Somerset co. of two branches, both having their sources in the mountains of Morris ...

Rawlins - Receipts: Rawlins Rawlins, a N. W. county of Kansas, formed since 1870; area, 900 sq. m. It borders on Nebraska, and is drained by Beaver and Sappa creeks, affluents of the Republican river. Raymond Theodor...

Recollects - Reginald Scot: Recollects See Franciscans. Recorder Recorder, an obsolete wind instrument, resembling the flageolet, though by some writers it has been confounded with the flute. It is said to have had six vent...

Regner Brakenburg - Remscheid: Regner Brakenburg Regner Brakenburg, a Dutch painter, born at Haarlem about 1650, died there in 1702. He selected his subjects frequently from low life, which he illustrated with great truthfulness a...

Remus - Rene Theodore Hyacinthe Laemec: Remus See Romulus. Remy, Or Remi (Lat Remy, Or Remi (Lat. Remigius), Saint, called the apostle of the Franks, born at Cerny, near Laon, about 439, died in Rheims, Jan. 13, 533. He was elected bis...

Renfrew - Resht, Or Reshd: Renfrew Renfrew, an E. county of Ontario, Canada, bounded N. E. by the Ottawa river above Ottawa; area, 2,389 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 27,977, of whom 13,565 were of Irish, 6,147 of Scotch, 2,882 of Fre...

Resina - Reuben Dimond Mussey: Resina Resina (anc. Retina), a town of Italy, in the province, on the gulf, and 6 m. S. E. of the city of Naples, at the W. base of Vesuvius; pop. about 12,000. It covers a large part of the ruins of...

Reutlingen - Rhea: Reutlingen Reutlingen, a town of Würtemberg, capital of the Black Forest circle, on the Echatz, 20 m. S. of Stuttgart; pop. in 1871, 14,237. It has a pomological school, several other special schools...

Rhea Silvia - Rice Bird, Or Java Sparrow: Rhea Silvia See Romulus. Rhegium See Reggio di Calabria. Rhenish Prussia See Rhine, Province Of The. Rhenish Wines See Germany, Wines of. Rhinoceros Hornbill See Hornbill. Rhinopla...

Rice Bunting - Richard Brome: Rice Bunting See Bobolink. Rich Rich, a N. E. county of Utah, bordering on Idaho and Wyoming, and intersected by Bear river; area, about 850 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 1,955. The E. part is mountainou...

Richard Burleigh Kimball - Richard Cosway: Richard Burleigh Kimball Richard Burleigh Kimball, an American author, born at Plainfield, N. H., Oct. 11, 1816. He graduated at Dartmouth college in 1834, studied law, and after visiting Europe, and...

Richard De Bury - Richard Grenville Temple: Richard De Bury See Aungervyle. Richard Edwards Richard Edwards, an English dramatist, born in Somersetshire in 1523, died about 1566. He was educated at Corpus Christi college, Oxford. His Damo...

Richard Henry Wilde - Richard Morris Hunt: Richard Henry Wilde Richard Henry Wilde, an American author, born in Dublin, Ireland, Sept. 24,1789, died in New Orleans, Sept. 10,1847. He was admitted to the Georgia bar in 1809, became attorney ge...

Richard Parkes Bonington - Richard Redgrave: Richard Parkes Bonington Richard Parkes Bonington, an English painter, born at Arnold, near Nottingham, Oct. 25, 1801, died in London, Sept. 23, 1828. He was the son of an artist, and was educated in...

Richard Salter Storrs - Riehard Biddle: Richard Salter Storrs Richard Salter Storrs, an American clergyman, born in Braintree, Mass., Aug. 21, 1821. He graduated at Amherst college in 1839, and at Andover theological seminary in 1845, and ...

Right Of Way - Ring George: Right Of Way See Realty. Rigi, Or Righi Rigi, Or Righi, an isolated mountain of Switzerland, in the canton of Schwytz, between the lakes of Zug and Lucerne. The highest point, the Rigi Kulm, is 5...

Ringgold - Riom: Ringgold Ringgold, a S. county of Iowa, bordering on Missouri, and intersected by Platte river and by the E. and W. forks of Grand river; area, 576 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 5,691. The surface is undulat...

Rion - Roanoke: Rion See Phasis. Ripple Grass See Plantain. Ritchie Ritchie, a N. W. county of West Virginia, intersected by Hughes river, a branch of the Little Kanawha; area, about 450 sq. m.; pop. in 1870...

Roanoke River - Robert Bentley: Roanoke River See North Carolina, vol. xii., p. 489. Rob Roy Rob Roy (literally, Robert the Red), a Scottish outlaw, born about 1660, died about 1738. His true name was Robert Macgregor, which, a...

Robert Bentley Todd - Robert Calef: Robert Bentley Todd Robert Bentley Todd, a British physiologist, born in Dublin in 1809, died in London, Jan. 30, 1860. He was educated in Trinity college, Dublin, went to London in 1831, became prof...

Robert Camming Schenck - Robert Hamerling: Robert Camming Schenck Robert Camming Schenck, an American statesman, born at Franklin, Warren co., Ohio, Oct. 7, 1809. He graduated at Miami university in 1827, and was admitted to the bar in Dayton...

Robert Henry - Robert Macnish: Robert Henry Robert Henry, a Scottish historian, born in the parish of St. Ninian's, Stirlingshire, Feb. 18, 1718, died near Edinburgh, Nov. 24, 1790. He was educated at the university of Edinburgh, ...

Robert Monsey Rolfe - Robert Orme: Robert Monsey Rolfe See Cranworth. Robert Monsey Rolfe Cranworth Robert Monsey Rolfe Cranworth, baron, lord chancellor of England, born at Cranworth in Norfolk, Dec. 18, 1790, died in London, Jul...

Robert Pultock - Robert South: Robert Pultock Robert Pultock, an English author, whose only known work is The Life and Adventures of Peter Wilkins (London, 1750), which describes an imaginary race of flying islanders in the Sout...

Robert Tannahill - Robert Wodrow: Robert Tannahill Robert Tannahill, a Scottish poet, born in Paisley, June 3, 1774, died May 17, 1810. He worked all his life as a weaver. His volume of Poems and Songs (1807) became very popular; b...

Robert Wood - Rochefort, Or Rochefort-Sur-Mer: Robert Wood Robert Wood, a British archaeologist, born at Riverstown, county Meath, Ireland, in 1716, died at Putney, near London, Sept. 9, 1771. He was educated at Oxford, visited Italy repeatedly, ...

Rochefoucauld - Rockdale: Rochefoucauld See La Rochefoucauld. Rochejaquelein See La Rochejaquelein. Rochelle Salt, Or Salt Of Seignette (Tartrate Of Potash And Soda Rochelle Salt, Or Salt Of Seignette (Tartrate Of Pot...

Rockwall - Roger Cotes: Rockwall Rockwall, a N. E. county of Texas, watered by affluents of Trinity and Sabine rivers, formed since the census of 1870. It consists chiefly of undulating prairies, and has a good soil. Capita...

Roger De Hoveden - Roman Emperor From April Macrinus: Roger De Hoveden Roger De Hoveden, an English chronicler, born in Yorkshire about the middle of the 12th century. He was attached to the court of Henry II., and was employed in visiting monasteries, ...

Roman Law - Rosa Vertner (Jeffrey): Roman Law See Civil Law. Romania See Roumelia. Romanoff See Russia. Romulus Augustulus Romulus Augustulus, the last Roman emperor of the West. He was placed on the throne A. D. 475, by hi...

Rosamond - Ross And Cromarty: Rosamond Rosamond, commonly called Fair Rosamond, a favorite of King Henry II. of England, the daughter of Walter, Lord Clifford, died in 1177. She was first brought to the king's notice through t...

Ross, A County Of Scotland - Rossoor Cusso Koosso: Ross, A County Of Scotland See Ross and Cromarty. Rossano Rossano (anc. Roscianum), a town of S. Italy, about 3 m. from the gulf of Taranto, in the province and 28 m. N. E. of the city of Cosenza...

Rostock - Roualeyn George Gordon Cumming: Rostock Rostock, a fortified town of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, on the left bank of the Warnow, about 9 m. above its mouth in the Baltic sea, and 95 m. N. E. of Hamburg; pop. in 1871, 30,980. It has a uni...

Roubaix - Roxbury: Roubaix Roubaix, a town of France, in the department of Le Nord, 6 m. N. E. of Lille; pop. in 1872, 75,987. The population in 1800 was only 8,700, and in 1834 18,187, the rapid increase being due to ...

Roxolani - Ruble: Roxolani See Sarmatia. Royal Fern See Osmunda. Royall Tyler Royall Tyler, an American author, born in Boston, July 18, 1757, died in Brattleboro, Vt., Aug. 16, 1826. He graduated at Harvard c...

Ruby - Rudolf Julias Benno Hubner: Ruby See Sapphire. Rudolf Gneist Rudolf Gneist, a German author, born in Berlin, Aug. 13,1816. He is professor of jurisprudence in and pro-rector of the university of Berlin, has been a leading l...

Rudolf Roth - Rufus Dawes: Rudolf Roth Rudolf Roth, a German orientalist, born in Stuttgart, April 3, 1821. He studied in Tübingen, Berlin, Paris, and London, and became in 1856 professor of oriental languages at Tübingen. He ...

Rugby - Rusk: Rugby Rugby, a market town of Warwickshire, England, on the river Avon, 16 m. N. E. of Warwick, and 83 m. N. W. of London; pop. in 1871, 8,385. It is on the line of the London and Northwestern railw...

Russian America - Saadia Or Saadiah (Ben Joseph): Russian America See Alaska. Rustchuk Rustchuk, a fortified town of Bulgaria, European Turkey, capital of the vilayet of Tuna (province of the Danube), on the right bank of the Danube, nearly op...

Saarbruck, Or Saarbrucken - Sabine Baring-Gould: Saarbruck, Or Saarbrucken Saarbruck, Or Saarbrucken, a town of Rhenish Prussia, 40 m. S. E. of Treves, on the Saar, which here becomes navigable; pop. in 1871, 7,686. A bridge connects the town with ...

Sac - Saffi, Or Asfi: Sac Sac, a W. county of Iowa, watered by Boyer and Coon rivers and other streams; area, 576 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 1,411. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. The chief productions in 1870 wer...

Sag Harbor - Saguache: Sag Harbor Sag Harbor, a village and port of entry in the towns of East Hampton and Southampton, Suffolk co., New York, on the S. side of Gardiner's bay, near the E. extremity of Long Island, and at ...

Saguntum, Or Saguntus - Saint Barbara: Saguntum, Or Saguntus Saguntum, Or Saguntus, an ancient town of Spain, the ruins of which, consisting of a theatre and a temple of Bacchus, are still visible at Murviedro in the province of Valencia,...

Saint Benedict - Saint Catharine Of Siena: Saint Benedict Saint Benedict, born at Nursia in Umbria in 480, died March 21, 543. His parents sent him to Rome to study, but, disgusted with the vices and temptations he found there, he fled to the...

Saint Cecilia - Saint Hilda: Saint Cecilia Saint Cecilia, a Roman lady of high descent, born about the middle of the 2d or the commencement of the 3d century. Compelled by her parents to marry Valerian, a noble youth of Rome, al...

Saint Jean Dacre - Saint Mart: Saint Jean Dacre See Acre. Saint John The Baptist Saint John The Baptist, a S. E. parish of Louisiana, intersected by the Mississippi river, bordering N. W. on Lake Maurepas, N. E. on Lake Pontch...

Saint Marys - Saint Nicholas: Saint Marys Saint Mary's, a S. county of Maryland, bounded N. E. by the Patuxent, E. by Chesapeake bay, and S. W. by the Potomac; area, about 250 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 14,994, of whom 7,726 were colo...

Saint Oswald - Saint Stephen: Saint Oswald Saint Oswald, king of Northumbria, born about 605, died Aug. 5, 642. He was a son of King Ethelfrid, lived for several years in exile, and after his return to England vanquished the Brit...

Saint Tammany - Saint-Denis: Saint Tammany Saint Tammany, a S. E. parish of Louisiana, lying on Lake Pontchartrain, bounded E. by Pearl river and drained by its tributaries; area, about 1,200 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 5,586, of whom...

Saint-German, Or St. Germain-En-Laye - Saintes: Saint-German, Or St. Germain-En-Laye Saint-German, Or St. Germain-En-Laye, a town of France, in the department of Seine-et-Oise, 8 m. W. of the enceinte of Paris; pop. in 1872, 22,862. It was long a ...

Sainte Genevieve - Salem: Sainte Genevieve Sainte Genevieve, an E. S. E. county of Missouri, bounded N. E. by the Mississippi river, and drained by Rivière aux Vases, Isle au Bois, Saline, and Establishment creeks; area, abou...

Salerno - Salisbury, Or New Sarum: Salerno Salerno (anc. Salernum), a town of S. Italy, capital of the province of Principato Cite-riore or Salerno (see Principato Citeriore), at the head of the gulf of Salerno in the Mediterranean, 3...

Saliva - Saltillo: Saliva See Digestion, and Salivary Glands. Salmon Trout See Trout. Salnave See Hayti, vol. viii., p. 553. Salomon Hermann Mosenthal Salomon Hermann Mosenthal, a German dramatist, born of ...

Saltpetre - Samnel Daniell: Saltpetre See Nitrates. Saltzbijrg See Salzbubg. Saluzzo Saluzzo (Fr. Saluces), a town of Piedmont, Italy, capital of a circle in the province of Coni, 30 m. S. S. W. of Turin; pop. about 16,...

Samothrace - Samuel Andrew Peters: Samothrace Samothrace (modern Gr. Samathraki; Turk. Semendrek), an island of the Grecian archipelago, belonging to Turkey, between Lemnos and the coast of Thrace; area, about 32 sq. m.; pop. about 1,...

Samuel Austin - Samuel Bowles: Samuel Austin Samuel Austin, D. D., an American clergyman, born at New Haven, Conn., Oct. 7, 1760, died at Glastenbury, Dec. 4, 1830. He graduated at Yale college in 1783, and, after studying divinit...

Samuel Bradburn - Samuel Dexter: Samuel Bradburn Samuel Bradburn, an English clergyman, born at Gibraltar, where his father was stationed with his regiment, Oct. 5, 1751, died July 24, 1815. His parents removed to Chester, England, ...

Samuel Green - Samuel Huntington: Samuel Green Samuel Green, an American printer, born in England in 1615, died in Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 1, 1702. He succeeded Day in the printing house at Cambridge about 1648. He printed the Cambri...

Samuel Jackson - Samuel Provoost: Samuel Jackson Samuel Jackson, an American physician, born in Philadelphia in 1787, died there, April 5, 1872. .He was for 28 years professor of the institutes of medicine in the university of Pennsy...

Samuel Purchas - Samuel Sullivan Cox: Samuel Purchas Samuel Purchas, an English author, born at Thaxted, Essex, in 1577, died about 1628. He was educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, and in 1604 became vicar of Eastwood in Essex. Re...

Samuel Thomas Bloomfield - Samuel Whitbread: Samuel Thomas Bloomfield Samuel Thomas Bloomfield, D. D., an English scholar and critic, born in 1790, died at Wandsworth Common, Sept. 28, 1869. He was educated at Sidney college, Cambridge, took or...

Samuel Williston - San Cristobal: Samuel Williston Samuel Williston, an American philanthropist, born in Easthampton, Mass., June 17, 1795, died in 1874. He acquired a large fortune in the manufacture of buttons. In 1841 he establish...

San Domingo - San Luis Obispo: San Domingo See Santo Domingo. San Fernando San Fernando, a city of Andalusia, Spain, 7 m. S. by E. of Cadiz, on the Isla de Leon; pop. about 18,000. It is joined to the mainland by an ancient Ro...

San Mateo - San Saba: San Mateo San Mateo, a W. county of California, bordering on the Pacific, and bounded N. E. by the bay of San Francisco; area, 432 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 6,635, of whom 519 were Chinese. The surface i...

San Salvador, A City Of Brazil - Sandwich Islands: San Salvador, A City Of Brazil See Bahia. San Salvador, Or Cat Island San Salvador, Or Cat Island, an island of the Bahama group, 28 m. E. S. E. of Eleuthera; length nearly 50 m., breadth from 3 ...

Sanford - Sannazaro, Or San Nazaro, Jacopo: Sanford Sanford, a N. W. county of Alabama, bordering on Mississippi, and drained by affluents of the Tombigbee river; area, about 600 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 8,893, of whom 1,563 were colored. The sur...

Santa Ana - Santa Marta: Santa Ana Santa Ana, a N. W. county of New Mexico, bordering on Arizona, and intersected in the S. E. by the Rio Grande; area, about 7,000 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 2,599. It is watered in the east by tr...

Santa Rosa - Sao Francisco, A River Of Brazil: Santa Rosa Santa Rosa, a W. county of Florida, bordering on Alabama, watered by the Yellow and Blackwater rivers, and washed on the S. W. by Pensacola bay and Escambia river; area, 1,440 sq. m.; pop....

Saone-Et-Loire - Sarah Helen Power (Whitman): Saone-Et-Loire Saone-Et-Loire, a S. E. department of France, in Burgundy, bordering on Côte-d'Or, Jura, Ain, Rhône, Loire, Allier, and Nièvre; area, 3,302 sq. m.; pop. in 1872, 598,344. It is crossed...

Sarah Stickaey - Sarno: Sarah Stickaey See Ellis, William. Saratov I. A S. E. Government Of European Russia A S. E. Government Of European Russia, bordering on Penza, Simbirsk, Samara, Astrakhan, the country of the Don...

Saros - Satin Spar: Saros Saros, a N. county of Hungary, in the Cis-Tibiscan circle, bordering on Galicia, Zemplén, Abauj, and Zips; area, 1,463 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 175,292, chiefly Slovaks and Ruthenians. The Carpath...

Satin Wood - Saul: Satin Wood Satin Wood, a name for several woods of commerce, which when polished present a peculiar lustre; the principal kinds are the Indian and West Indian, or Bahaman. The Indian satin wood is pr...

Sault Ste. Marie - Saverio Bettinelli: Sault Ste. Marie See Saint Mary's Strait. Saumaise See Salmasius. Saumur Saumur, a town of France, in the department of Maine-et-Loire, on the left bank of the Loire, 25 m. S. E. of Angers; p...

Saverio Mercidante - Scala: Saverio Mercidante Saverio Mercidante, an Italian composer, born in Altamura in 1797, died in Naples, Dec. 18, 1870. At the age of 12 he entered the royal college of music at Naples, and studied the ...

Scald - Schaffhausen: Scald See Burns and Scalds. Scales (Of Fishes) See Comparative Anatomy. Scaly Ant-Eater See Pangolin. Scamander Scamander, a small river of Troas, celebrated by Homer, who says that the g...

Schaumburg-Lippe - Schley: Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe, a principality of the German empire, embraced between the Prussian provinces of Hanover, Hesse-Nassau, and Westphalia; area, 171 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 32,059. The s...

Schmalkalden - Schwarzburg-Sondershausen: Schmalkalden See Smalcald. Scholasticism See Philosophy, vol. xiii., p. 439. Schools See College, Common Schools, Education, Infant Schools, Military Schools, Normal Schools, Reformatories, a...

Schwarzwald - Scipione Breislak: Schwarzwald See Black Forest. Schweidnitz Schweidnitz, a fortified town of Prussia, on the Weistritz, in the province and 30 m. S. W. of the city of Breslau; pop. in 1871, 16, 998. During the sev...

Scopas - Scruple: Scopas Scopas, a Greek sculptor, born in the island of Paros, flourished during the first half of the 4th century B. C. He was a contemporary of Praxiteles, and with him stands at the head of the lat...

Sculpin - Sea Robin: Sculpin See Bullhead. Scutibranchiates Scutibranchiates, an order of gasteropod mollusks, so named by Cuvier because the gills or branchiae are protected by a scutum or shield, as in the haliotid...

Sea Snipe - Sebastian: Sea Snipe See Bellows Fish, and Pipe Fish. Sea Spider I. See Spider Crab. II. The common name of certain marine arachnids of the order podosomata. They have no respiratory organs, and only four p...

Sebastien Bourdon - Sebastien Mclchior Cornu: Sebastien Bourdon Sebastien Bourdon, a French painter, born at Montpellier in 1616, died in Paris in 1671. He became acquainted with Claude Lorraine in Rome, where he was denounced as a Calvinist, an...

Sebastopol, Or Sevastopol - Sedalia: Sebastopol, Or Sevastopol Sebastopol, Or Sevastopol, a fortified city of Russia, in the Crimea, on a peninsula on the S. side of the roadstead of the same name, an arm of the Black sea, 190 m. S. E. ...

See Aryan Race And Language Indo-European Races And Languages - Seine-Inferieure: See Aryan Race And Language Indo-European Races And Languages See Aryan Race And Language Indo-European Races And Languages, and Germanic Races and Languages. See Brain Hydrocephalus See Brain Hy...

Seisin - Semendria: Seisin See Livery of Seisin. Selachians Selachians (Gr. , a cartilaginous fish), a name applied from Aristotle to the present day to the families of cartilaginous fishes with fixed branchiae, c...

Semis - Senac: Semis Semis (anc. Augustomagus), a town of France, in the department of Oise, near the forests of Chantilly and Ermenonville, 20 m. N. N. E. of Paris; pop. in 1872, 6,085. The old town retains its fe...

Seneca Falls - September: Seneca Falls Seneca Falls, a village of Seneca co., New York, on the outlet of Seneca lake, the Cayuga and Seneca canal, and the New York Central railroad, 160 m. W. by N. of Albany; pop. in 1870, 5,...

Septimus Severus - Sergei Semeiiovitcli Uvaroff: Septimus Severus See Severus. Septuagint See Bible, vol. ii., p. 613. Sequana See Seine. Sequatchie Sequatchie, a S. county of Tennessee, intersected by the Sequatchie river, a tributary ...

Serins Tullius - Seth Green: Serins Tullius See Servius Tullius. Serous Membranes See Membeane. Serpent Serpent, a musical wind instrument of curvilinear form, consisting of a conical tube of brass, divided into three pa...

Seti I. And II - Sevres: Seti I. And II See Egypt, vol. vi., pp. 461-'2. Setlius Calvisius Setlius Calvisius, a German musician and chronologist, born at Groschleben, in Thuringia, Feb. 21, 1556, died in Leipsic, Nov. 24...

Seward - Sforza Pallavicino: Seward I. A S. E. County Of Nebraska A S. E. County Of Nebraska, intersected by the Big Blue river and its forks; area, 576 sq. m.; pop. in 1875, 6,601. The surface is undulating and the soil produc...

Sgravesande - Sharpe: Sgravesande See Gravesande. Shackleford Shackleford, an unorganized N. W. county of Texas, intersected by the Clear fork of the Brazos river; area, 900 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 425, of whom 55 were ...

Shasta - Shekel: Shasta Shasta, a N. county of California, bounded W. by the Coast mountains, and intersected by the Sacramento river; area, 4,500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 4,173, of whom 574 were Chinese. The surface is...

Shelburne - Sherburne: Shelburne Shelburne, a S. W. county of Nova Scotia, Canada, bordering on the Atlantic ocean; area, 948 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 12,417, of whom 7,426 were of English, 1,780 of Scotch, 1,325 of Irish, an...

Sheridan - Shinking, Or Liaotung: Sheridan I. An Unorganized N. W. County Of Kansas An Unorganized N. W. County Of Kansas; area, 900 sq. m. It is drained by Prairie Dog creek, the North and South forks of Solomon river, and the Sali...

Shinto, Or Sinto - Sibley: Shinto, Or Sinto See Japan, vol. ix., pp. 537 and 562. Shire See County. Shire, A River Of S. E. Africa A River Of S. E. Africa Shire, which flows out of the S. extremity of Lake Nyassa, and ...

Sibour - Siedlce: Sibour Sibour,Marie Dominique Auguste, a French prelate, born at St. Paul-Trois-Chateaux, Drome, April 4, 1792, assassinated in Paris, Jan. 3, 1857. He was educated at Avignon and at Paris, was for a...

Siegen, A Town Of Prussia - Sigmnud Jakob Baumgarten: Siegen, A Town Of Prussia A Town Of Prussia Siegen, in the province of Westphalia, on the Sieg, 37 m. S. of Arnsberg; pop. in 1871, 11,070. It is the chief seat of the tanning and leather industry of...

Sihon - Simcoe: Sihon Sihon, a name applied by some geographers to the Sir Darya or Jaxartes. (See Jaxartes). Siieerness Siieerness, a town of Kent, England, at the N. W. end of the island of Sheppey, on the riv...

Simeon - Simon Browne: Simeon Simeon, the second son of Jacob and Leah. He and his brother Levi were guilty of gross deception and ferocity in their murder of the Shechemites, for which they received their father's curse. ...

Simon Greenleaf - Simone Cantarini: Simon Greenleaf Simon Greenleaf, an American jurist, born in Newburyport, Mass., Dec. 5, 1783, died in Cambridge, Oct. 6, 1853. He practised law in Massachusetts and afterward in Maine, was reporter ...

Simone Di Martino - Sir Anthony Carlisle: Simone Di Martino See Memmi. Simone Memmi, Or More Properly Simone Di Martino Simone Memmi, Or More Properly Simone Di Martino, an Italian painter, born in Siena about 1283, died in Avignon about...

Sir Charles Bagot - Sir Felix Booth: Sir Charles Bagot Sir Charles Bagot, a British diplomatist, born at Blithfield, Sept. 23, 1781, died at Kingston in Canada, May 18, 1843. He was the second son of William, first Lord Bagot. In 1807 h...

Sir Francis Bernard - Sir George Ayscue: Sir Francis Bernard Sir Francis Bernard, colonial governor of New Jersey and Massachusetts, born in Nettle-ham, England, in 1714, died in London, June 16, 1779. He was a lawyer, was appointed governo...

Sir George Cockburn - Sir George Howland Beaumont: Sir George Cockburn Sir George Cockburn, an English admiral, born April 22, 1772, died Aug. 19, 1853. He served on the East India, home, and Mediterranean stations, and received the thanks of the hou...

Sir George Thomas Staunton - Sir Henry Morgan: Sir George Thomas Staunton Sir George Thomas Staunton, an English author, born in Salisbury, May 26, 1781, died in London, Aug. 10, 1859. He was the son of Sir George Leonard Staunton (1737-1801), co...

Sir Henry Pottinger - Sir Henry Taylor: Sir Henry Pottinger Sir Henry Pottinger, an English statesman, born in Ireland in 1789, died in Malta, March 18, 1856. He went to India as a cadet in 1804, occupied high offices there, and in 1839 wa...

Sir Henry Thompson - Sir James Lancaster: Sir Henry Thompson Sir Henry Thompson, an English surgeon, born at Framlingham, Suffolk, Aug. 6, 1820. He was educated at University college, London, became assistant surgeon of the college hospital ...

Sir James Paget - Sir John Chandos: Sir James Paget Sir James Paget, an English surgeon, born in Great Yarmouth in 1814. He is the son of a merchant, and was educated at the medical school connected with St. Bartholomew's hospital in L...

Sir John Da Vies - Sir John Mandeville: Sir John Da Vies Sir John Da Vies, an English lawyer and poet, born at Tisbury, Wiltshire, in 1570, died in 1626. He studied at Oxford and at the Middle Temple, from which he was expelled for his unr...

Sir John Richardson - Sir John William Kaye: Sir John Richardson Sir John Richardson, a Scottish naturalist, born in Dumfries, Nov. 5, 1787, died near Gras-mere, June 5, 1865. He entered the navy in 1801 as an assistant surgeon, and subsequentl...

Sir Joseph Whitworth - Sir Martin Archer Shee: Sir Joseph Whitworth Sir Joseph Whitworth, an English mechanician, born in Stockport in 1803. He founded the manufacturing firm of Joseph Whitworth and co. in Manchester, and made many inventions and...

Sir Nathaniel Dance Holland - Sir Ralph Sadler: Sir Nathaniel Dance Holland Sir Nathaniel Dance Holland, an English artist, born in London in 1734, died in Winchester in 1811. He was the son of George Dance, the architect of the mansion house in L...

Sir Richard Blackmore - Sir Samuel Morton Peto: Sir Richard Blackmore Sir Richard Blackmore, an English physician, poet, and miscellaneous writer, born at Corsham, Wiltshire, about 1650, died Oct. 8, 1729. After spending several years at Oxford an...

Sir Stafford Henry Northcote - Sir William Charles Ross: Sir Stafford Henry Northcote Sir Stafford Henry Northcote, an English statesman, born in London, Oct. 27,1818. He graduated at Oxford in 1842, and was called to the bar in 1847. He succeeded as eight...

Sir William George Granville Vernon Harcourt - Sir William Palliser: Sir William George Granville Vernon Harcourt Sir William George Granville Vernon Harcourt, an English lawyer, born Oct. 14, 1827. He graduated at Oxford in 1851, was called to the bar in 1854, became...

Sir William Penn - Sirocco, Or Scirocco: Sir William Penn Sir William Penn, an English admiral, born in Bristol in 1621, died in Wanstead, Essex, Sept. 16, 1670. He early entered the naval service, and before he was 32 years old had become ...

Siskin - Sitpicius Severus: Siskin See Aberdevine. Siskiwit See Trout. Siskiyou Siskiyou, a N. county of California, bordering on Oregon; pop. in 1870, 6,848, of whom 1,440 were Chinese. It formerly had an area of 8,740...

Six Nations - Sneyders, Or Snyers, Francis Snyders: Six Nations See Iroquois. Skager Rack Skager Rack (the crooked strait of Ska-gen ), an arm of the North sea or German ocean, lying between the Danish peninsula of Jutland and the coast of Norwa...

Snohomish - Society For The La Societe Pour La Propagation De La Foi (Propagation Of The Faith): Snohomish Snohomish, a N. W. county of Washington territory, bordering W. on Puget sound and E. on the Cascade mountains, and drained by several streams; area, 1,500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 599. Extens...

Socorro - Sohar: Socorro Socorro, a S. W. county of New Mexico, bordering on Arizona, intersected in the east by the Rio Grande, and containing the sources of the Gila river; area, about 11,500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, ...

Sohl - Solferlno: Sohl See Zolyom. Soil See Agriculture. Soissons Soissons (anc. Noviodunum, and afterward Augusta Suessionum), a fortified town of Prance, in the department of Aisne, on the left bank of the r...

Soliman - Solomon Ben Isaac: Soliman See Solyman. Solingen Solingen, a town of Rhenish Prussia, near the Wupper, 12 m. S. E. of Diisseldorf; pop. in 1871, 14,040. It contains a Catholic and two Protestant churches, a synagog...

Solomon Spalding - Somersetshire: Solomon Spalding See Mormons, vol. xi., p. 833. Solomon Stoddard Solomon Stoddard, an American clergyman, born in Boston in 1643, died in Northampton, Mass., Feb. 11, 1729. He graduated at Harvar...

Somme - Soochow, Or Suchau, A City Of China: Somme Somme, a N. department of France, in Pi-cardy, bordering on the departments of Pas-de-Calais, Le Nord, Aisne, Oise, and Seine-In-ferieure, and the English channel; area, 2,379 sq. m.; pop. in 1...

Soofees - Sophonisba: Soofees See Sufis. Soongaria, Or Dzungaria See Turkistan. Soonna See Sunna. Soothsayer See Mantis. Sophia Sophia (Bulg. Triaditza), a town of European Turkey, in Bulgaria, on a small ...

Soracte - Soulanges: Soracte Soracte (now Monte di Sant' Oreste, and sometimes Monte di San Silvestro), a mountain of ancient Etruria, in the territory of the Falisci, visible from and about 25 m. N. of Rome. It rises in...

Sounding - Spandau: Sounding See Atlantic Ocean, vol. ii., p. G9, and Dredginc, Deep-Sea. Sour Gum See Tupelo. South Adams See Adams, Mass. South America See America. Southamptonshire See Hampshire. S...

Spanish Fly - Spezia: Spanish Fly See Cantharides. Spanish Main Spanish Main, the appellation formerly given to the southern portion of the Caribbean sea, together with the contiguous coast, embracing the route traver...

Spezzia, Or Spetzia - Spottsylvania: Spezzia, Or Spetzia Spezzia, Or Spetzia (anc. Tiparenos), an island of Greece, in the archipelago, at the E. entrance of the gulf of Nauplia, and about 2 m. from the coast of Argolis; greatest length...

Spring - Stade: Spring Spring, in astronomy, one of the four seasons of the year, beginning for the northern hemisphere at the time of the vernal equinox, or on March 21, and ending at the time of the summer solstic...

Stag Hound - Stanley Leathes: Stag Hound See Hound. Stagira Stagira, previously Stagirus, an ancient town of Macedonia, in Chalcidice, on the Strymonic gulf. It was founded by a colony from An-dros in the middle of the 7th ce...

Stanstead - Stassfurt: Stanstead Stanstead, a S. county of Quebec, Canada, bordering on Vermont; area, 407 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 13,138, of whom 5,763 were of English, 3,212 of French, 2,599 of Irish, 1,016 of Scotch, and ...

Statics - Steele: Statics See Mechanics. Statuary See Sculpture. Statute Of Frauds See Frauds, Statute Of. Stavanger Stavanger, a town of Norway, capital of a district of the same name, in the province of ...

Steelyard - Stephen Hales: Steelyard See Balance. Steen Steensen Blicher Steen Steensen Blicher, a Danish author, born at Vium, province of Viborg, Oct. 11,1782, died at Spentrup, Jutland, March 26, 1848. He was a graduate...

Stephen Lushington - Sternberg: Stephen Lushington Stephen Lushington, an English jurist, born in London, Jan. 16, 1782, died Jan. 21, 1873. He was the second son of Sir Stephen Lush-ington. He was educated at Eton and Oxford, was ...

Stesichorus - Stillwater: Stesichorus Stesichorus, a Greek lyric poet, born in Himera, Sicily, in 632 B. C., died about 555. He is said to have been educated at Catana, and to have been on friendly terms with Phalaris ...

Stirlingshire - Stockton-Upon-Tees: Stirlingshire Stirlingshire, a central county of Scotland, bordering on the counties of Perth, Clackmannan, Linlithgow, Lanark, and Dumbarton; area, 466 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 98,218. The chief rivers...

Stoke -Upon -Trent - Stores: Stoke -Upon -Trent Stoke -Upon -Trent, a parliamentary borough, town, and parish of Staffordshire, England, on the river Trent, 134 m. N. W. of London; pop. of the parish (including Hanley and other ...

Storey - Strait Of Belle Isle: Storey Storey, a W. county of Nevada, bounded N. by Truckee river and S. by the Carson; area, 420 sq. m.; pop. in 1875, 19,528, of whom 1,341 were Chinese. The valleys of the rivers contain small tra...

Strait Of Bonifacio - Stratford Canning Stratford De Redcliffe: Strait Of Bonifacio Strait Of Bonifacio (It. Bocca di Bonifacio), the passage between Corsica and Sardinia, about 7 m. wide in the narrowest part. The land is mountainous and the shores steep on eith...

Straubing - Sty: Straubing Straubing, a town of Bavaria, in the district of Lower Bavaria, on the right bank of the Danube, 25 m. S. E. of Ratisbon; pop. in 1871, 11,150. It is one of the oldest towns of the kingdom....

Styrax - Subrogation: Styrax See Balsams. Styx Styx (connected with Gr. to abhor), in Greek mythology, the chief river of the lower world, around which it flows seven times. T...

Succory - Sully: Succory See Chiccory. Sucre, Or Chnquisaca Sucre, Or Chnquisaca, the capital of Bolivia and of the department of Chuquisaca, on a plateau above the Rio de la Plata, about 10,000 ft. above the sea...

Sulphuretted Hydrogen - Surf Bird: Sulphuretted Hydrogen See IIydrosul-phurio Acid. Sulphuric Ether See Ether. Sulphurous Acid See Sulphur. Sultan Of Ghuzni Mahmoud See Giifznl. Summer Red Bird See Tanager. Sunbury ...

Surgeon, A Bird Of The Stork Family - Sutherland: Surgeon, A Bird Of The Stork Family See Jacana. Suricate Suricate, a carnivorous mammal of South Africa, coming near the ichneumons. It is the ryzoena (suricata) capensis (111.), and is sometimes...

Sutlej - Suwannee, Or Suwanee: Sutlej Sutlej, the most easterly of the five rivers of the Punjaub, in British India. It rises in Thibet N. of the Himalaya mountains, about lat. 31 N., Ion. 82 E., flowing K W. out of Lake...

Swain - Sylvester Judd: Swain Swain, a S. W. county of North Carolina, separated from Tennessee on the north by the Great Smoky mountains; area, about 500 sq. m. It has been formed since the census of 1870 from Jackson co. ...

Sympathetic Ink - Szolnok: Sympathetic Ink See Ink, vol. ix., p. 284. Symplegades See Argonauts. Synod Of Dort Synod Of Dort. See Reformed Protestant Dutch Church. Syroe See Syea. Szabadra Szabadra (Ger. Maria-...

Tabasco - Tairomemum: Tabasco Tabasco, a S. E. state of Mexico, bounded N. by the gulf of Mexico, E. by Campeachy, S. by Guatemala and Chiapas, and W. by Vera Cruz; area, 12,716 sq. m.; pop. in 1871,83,-707, chiefly India...

Taitog - Tallapoosa: Taitog See Blackfisii. Talavera De La Reyna Talavera De La Reyna (anc. Talabriga), a town of Spain, in the province of Toledo, on the Tagus, 64 m. S. W. of Madrid; pop. about 9,000. It is a place...

Tama - Tambourine: Tama Tama, an E. central county of Iowa, intersected by the Iowa river; area, 720 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 16,131. The surface is undulating and the soil highly fertile and well timbered. There are rich...

Tamerlane - Tarare: Tamerlane See Timour. Tamils, Or Tamuls See India, Races and Languages of, vol. ix., p. 215. Tampico, Or Santa Ana De Tamaulipas Tampico, Or Santa Ana De Tamaulipas, a seaport town of Mexico,...

Tarascon - Tarn-Et-Garonne: Tarascon Tarascon (anc. Tarasco), a town of France, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhone, on the left bank of the Rhone, 10 m. N. of Aries and 50 m. N. W. of Marseilles; pop. in 1872, 12,454. It is ...

Tarpeia - Tarrytown: Tarpeia Tarpeia, a Roman maiden, the daughter of Spurius Tarpeius, who, according to the legendary history of the period, was governor of the citadel on the Capitoline hill when the Sabines invested ...

Tarsus - Tavastehuis: Tarsus Tarsus, a city of Asiatic Turkey, in the vilayet and 20 m. W. S. W. of the city of Adana, on the right bank of the Cydnus, about 10 m. from the Mediterranean; pop. about 8,000. It stands in a ...

Taygetus - Tehama: Taygetus See Laconia. Tchernigov I. A S. W. Government Of Russia A S. W. Government Of Russia, bordering on Mohilev, Smolensk, Orel, Kursk, Poltava, Kiev, and Minsk; area, 20,231 sq. m.; pop. in...

Tehernovitz, Or Czernowice Czernowitz - Temesvar: Tehernovitz, Or Czernowice Czernowitz Tehernovitz, Or Czernowice Czernowitz, the capital of the Austrian crownland of Bukowina, on the Pruth, 450 m. E. of Vienna; pop. in 1870, 33,884. It stands on a...

Temiscoiata - Tench Coxe: Temiscoiata Temiscoiata, an E. county of Quebec, Canada, bounded N. W. by the St. Lawrence river and S. E. by New Brunswick; area, 1,771 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 22,491, of whom 21,809 were of French or...

Tenor - Terbium: Tenor Tenor (Lat. tenere, to hold), the second of the four parts in harmonic composition, reckoning from the bass, or the highest natural adult male voice, having a general compass from 0, the second...

Terceira - Terni: Terceira Terceira, one of the Azore islands, near the centre of the group; lat. 38 40' N., lon. 27 10' W.; extreme length 20 m., general breadth about 12 m.; pop. about 50,000. The coast is...

Terpander - Terracina: Terpander Terpander (), a Greek musician, born at Antissa in the island of Lesbos, flourished in the earlier half of the 7th century B. C. ...

Terre Bonne - Teutoburg Forest: Terre Bonne Terre Bonne, a S. E. parish of Louisiana, bordering on the gulf of Mexico, and drained by the Terre Bonne, Black, and Caillou bayous; area, 1,640 sq. m.; pop. in 1875, 15,486, of whom 7,9...

Teutons - Thayer: Teutons Teutons (Lat. Teutones or Teutoni), a powerful people of ancient Germany, who probably dwelt on the southern shores of the Baltic, in the vicinity of the Cimbri, together with whom they invad...

Thebais - Theocritus: Thebais Thebais, the ancient name of southern or Upper Egypt, from its capital Thebes. This division of the country extended from the islands of Elephantine and Philse, near Syene (lat. 24 N.), ...

Theodor Friedrieh Dethlef Kliefoth - Theodor Keim: Theodor Friedrieh Dethlef Kliefoth Theodor Friedrieh Dethlef Kliefoth, a German theologian, born at Korchow, Mecklenburg, Jan. 18, 1810. He has been for the last 25 years the principal ecclesiastical...

Theodor Kotschy - Theodor Waitz: Theodor Kotschy Theodor Kotschy, a German botanist, born at Ustron, Austrian Silesia, in 1813, died in 1866. He accompanied Russegger to Africa, and subsequently explored Asia Minor, and made another...

Theodora - Theodore Clapp: Theodora See Justinian. Theodoras Bailey Theodoras Bailey, an American naval officer, born in New York in 1803. He entered the navy as midshipman in 1818, and was made lieutenant in 1827, command...

Theodore Claude Henri Hersart De La Villemarque - Theodore Olivier: Theodore Claude Henri Hersart De La Villemarque Theodore Claude Henri Hersart De La Villemarque, viscount, a French philologist, born at Quim-perle, Brittany, July 6, 1815. He has published Barzas-Br...

Theodore Rousseau - Thermo-Electric Order: Theodore Rousseau Theodore Rousseau, a French painter born in Paris in 1812, died near Fontainebleau in December, 1867. His landscapes representing French scenery were greatly admired, and many of th...

Thespis - Thirston: Thespis Thespis, the founder of Greek tragedy, a native of Icaria in Attica, lived in the time of Pisistratus (about 540 B. C). The ancient traditions represent him as the inventor of tragedy, and to...

Thisbe - Thomas Barnes: Thisbe See Pyramus and Thisbe. Thomas Andrews Hendricks Thomas Andrews Hendricks, an American statesman, born in Muskingum co., Ohio, Sept. 7, 1819. In 1822 his father settled in Shelby co., Indi...

Thomas Bell - Thomas Betterton: Thomas Bell Thomas Bell, an English zoologist, born at Poole, Dorsetshire, Oct. 11, 1792. He is the son of a physician, and has been professor of zoology at King's college, London, since 1832, and wa...

Thomas Bilson - Thomas Boston: Thomas Bilson Thomas Bilson, an English divine and author, born in Winchester in 1536, died in Westminster, June 18, 1616. In 1596 he was consecrated bishop of Worcester, and the following year becam...

Thomas Braidwood - Thomas Bray: Thomas Braidwood Thomas Braidwood, one of the earliest teachers of the deaf and dumb in Great Britain, died in 1806. He commenced a school for deaf mutes at Edinburgh in 1760, following the system of...

Thomas Buchanan Read - Thomas Carew: Thomas Buchanan Read Thomas Buchanan Read, an American artist and poet, born in Chester co., Pa., March 12, 1822, died in New York, May 11, 1872. At the age of 17 he entered the studio of a sculptor ...

Thomas Charles Hope - Thomas Crofton Croker: Thomas Charles Hope Thomas Charles Hope, a Scottish chemist, born in Edinburgh, July 21, 17GG, died there, June 13,1844. His father, Dr. John Hope, was professor of botany in the university of Edinbu...

Thomas Cushing - Thomas Denman: Thomas Cushing Thomas Cushing, an American statesman, born in Boston, March 24, 1725, died Feb. 28, 1788. He graduated at Harvard college in 1744, and for many years represented Boston in the general...

Thomas Dermody - Thomas Durfey: Thomas Dermody Thomas Dermody, an Irish poet, born at Ennis in 1775, died at Sydenham, near London, in 1802. His father was a schoolmaster, and is said to have employed him while only in his ninth ye...

Thomas Edward Bowdich - Thomas Halyburton: Thomas Edward Bowdich Thomas Edward Bowdich, an English traveller, born in Bristol in 1790, died in Africa, Jan. 10,1824. He went to Cape Coast Castle, where his uncle was governor, in 1816, as write...

Thomas Harmer - Thomas Harvey Skinner: Thomas Harmer Thomas Harmer, an English clergyman, born in Norwich in 1715, died at Wattesfield, Suffolk, in November, 1788. He was educated in London, and in his 20th year was ordained minister of t...

Thomas Hearne - Thomas Horsfield: Thomas Hearne Thomas Hearne, an English antiquary and author, born at White Waltham, Berkshire, in 1078, died June 10, 1735. He graduated at Oxford in 1699, and became janitor of the Bodleian library...

Thomas Howard - Thomas James: Thomas Howard Thomas Howard, third duke of Norfolk, an English statesman, born about 1473, died July 18, 1554. In 1513 he became high admiral of England, and in the same year aided his father in gain...

Thomas Keightley - Thomas Lewin: Thomas Keightley Thomas Keightley, a British author, born in Dublin in October, 1789, died near Erith, Kent, in December, 1872. He took his bachelor's degree at Trinity college, Dublin, in 1808, and ...

Thomas Linacre - Thomas Newton: Thomas Linacre Thomas Linacre, an English physician, born in Canterbury about 1460, died in London, Oct. 20, 1524. He was a fellow of Oxford, studied on the continent, became professor of physic at O...

Thomas Nicholas Burke - Thomas Ritchie: Thomas Nicholas Burke Thomas Nicholas Burke, an Irish Dominican preacher, born in Gal way in 1830. He received priestly orders in 1856, and is a member of the convent of St. Saviour's, Dublin. His el...

Thomas Roderick Dew - Thomas Shadwell: Thomas Roderick Dew Thomas Roderick Dew, an American publicist, born in Virginia, Dec. 5, 1802, died in Paris, Aug. 6, 1846. He graduated at William and Mary college, and afterward travelled for two ...

Thomas Southern - Thomas Sternhold: Thomas Southern Thomas Southern, a British dramatist, born at Oxmantown, Ireland, about 1660, died in Westminster, May 26, 1746. After spending two years at Trinity college, Dublin, he entered in 167...

Thomas Stone - Thomas Tusser: Thomas Stone Thomas Stone, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, born at Pointon Manor, Charles co., Md., in 1743, died at Port Tobacco, Md., Oct. 5, 1787. He was a lawyer, and was sent as a d...

Thomas Uwins - Thomas William Parsons: Thomas Uwins Thomas Uwins, an English painter, born in London in 1783, died at Staines, Middlesex, Aug. 25, 1857. In early life he designed for illustrated works, and prepared copies for engravers. S...

Thomas William Robertson - Thomaston: Thomas William Robertson Thomas William Robertson, an English dramatist, born Jan. 9, 1829, died in London in February, 1871. He belonged to a theatrical family, and began life as an actor in a strol...

Thompson - Thrombosis: Thompson Thompson, a S. E. central county of Dakota, recently formed and not included in the census of 1870; area, about 925 sq. m. It is intersected by the Dakota or James river and its N. fork. The...

Thuanus - Tiborio Cavallo: Thuanus See Trior, Jacques Auguste de. Thule Thule, the name reported by the ancient navigator Pytheas, about the time of Alexander the Great, as that of the northernmost region of Europe. Strabo...

Tibub - Tillodontia: Tibub See Tivoli. Tic Douloureux See Netiealgia. Tick Tick, the common name of several families of small arachnids infesting the skin of man and the lower animals. In addition to what has bee...

Tilsit - Timothy Pitkin: Tilsit Tilsit, a town of the kingdom and province of Prussia, at the junction of the Tilse and the Niemen (Memel), which is here spanned by a long bridge, 60 m. N. E. of Konigsberg; pop. in 1871, 20,...

Timothy Woodbridge - Tiryns: Timothy Woodbridge See Blind. Timuquans Timuquans, a tribe of Indians in Florida, belonging to the Choctaw family, formerly occupying the coast above St. Augustine. The Franciscans established mi...

Tishomingo - Titus Calpurnius: Tishomingo Tishomingo, a N. E. county of Mississippi, bordering on Tennessse and Alabama, bounded N. E. by the Tennessee river, and drained by affluents of the Tennessee and Tombigbee rivers; area, a...

Titus Coan - Tokat, Or Tocat: Titus Coan Titus Coan, an American missionary, born in Killingworth, Conn., Feb. 1, 1801. He studied theology at Auburn seminary, was ordained as a Congregational minister in Park street church, Bost...

Tokay - Tomas Jose Gonzales Caryajal: Tokay Tokay (Hun. Tokaj), a town of N. Hungary, in the county of Zemplen, at the junction of the rivers Bodrog and Theiss, 117 m. E. N. E. of Pesth; pop. in 1870, 5,012. Several important fairs are h...

Tombigby, Or Tombeckbee Tombigbee - Ton, Or Tun: Tombigby, Or Tombeckbee Tombigbee Tombigby, Or Tombeckbee Tombigbee, a river of Mississippi and Alabama, which rises in Tishomingo co. in the N. E. extremity of the former state. It first flows S. to...

Tonamotouor Panmotou Islands Low Archipelago - Tophet: Tonamotouor Panmotou Islands Low Archipelago Tonamotouor Panmotou Islands Low Archipelago, a group of small islands in the Pacific ocean, E. of Tahiti (to which they are nominally subject) and S. of ...

Toplitz - Torquay: Toplitz See Teplitz. Torfaeus, Or Torniodus Torfaeus, Or Torniodus, the Latin name of Thormodr Torfason, an Icelandic scholar, born in Engo in 1636, died near Copenhagen in 1719. Frederick III. o...

Torres Vedras - Toul: Torres Vedras Torres Vedras, a town of Portugal, 25 m. N. N. W. of Lisbon, on the left bank of the .Sizandro; pop. about 4,200. Part of its ancient walls and an old fortress still remain. In the vici...

Of Toulouse Raymond VI - Trap: Of Toulouse Raymond VI See Albigenses. Touraine Touraine, an ancient province of France, now chiefly comprised in the department of Indre-et-Loire. It was originally inhabited by the Turones, a G...

Trapezes - Trebigne, Or Trebinie: Trapezes See Trebizond. Trass See Pozzuolana. Tras Os Montes Tras Os Montes, a N. E. province of Portugal, bordering on Spain and the provinces of Beira and Minho; area, 4,289 sq. m.; pop. in...

Trefoil - Trigg: Trefoil See Clover. Trego Trego, a W. county of Kansas, intersected by the Saline and Smoky Hill rivers; area, 900 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 166. It is traversed by the Kansas Pacific railroad. The s...

Trimble - Triptolemus: Trimble Trimble, a N. county of Kentucky, bordering on the Ohio river; area, 150 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 5,577, of whom 456 were colored. The surface is generally hilly and the soil fertile. The chief ...

Trismegistus - Troup: Trismegistus See Hermes Trismegistus. Trombone Trombone, a brass wind instrument, supposed to be identical with the ancient sack-but, which constitutes one form of the trumpet. By means of slidin...

Trousdale - Truro: Trousdale Trousdale, a N. county of Middle Tennessee, intersected in the S. E. by the Cumberland river; area, about 110 sq. m. It has been formed since the census of 1870 from portions of Macon, Smit...

Trustee Process - Tuariks, Or Tuaregs: Trustee Process Trustee Process, a process in certain states for reaching the goods or credits of a debtor in the hands of another who holds them for or is indebted to him. The proceeding for the pur...

Tubercle - Tulare: Tubercle See Consumption. Tuberculous Meningitis See Brain, Diseases of the, vol. iii., p. 201. Tubingen Tubingen, a town of Wiirtemberg, in the circle of the Schwarzwald, on the left bank of...

Tulle - Tunica: Tulle Tulle, a town of France, capital of the department of Corrèze, and formerly of Lower Limousin, at the junction of the Solane with the Corrèze, 115 m. E. 1ST. E. of Bordeaux; pop. in 1872, 11,84...

Tunicates - Turretin, Or Turretini: Tunicates See Molluscoids. Tuolumne Tuolumne, an E. county of California, bounded N. by the Stanislaus river and E. by the Sierra Nevada mountains, and drained by the Tuolumne river; area, 1,944 ...

Tuscola - Tves Joseph De Kerguelen-Tremarec: Tuscola Tuscola, an E. county of the S. peninsula of Michigan, bounded N. W. by Saginaw bay and intersected by the Cass river; area, about 850 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 13,714; in 1874,16,998. The surfac...

Tweed - Tybee: Tweed Tweed, a river of Scotland and England, which rises at Tweedshaws, at the S. extremity of Peeblesshire, 1,500 ft. above sea level, among the Lowther hills, whence it runs about 20 m. N. E., and...

Tyche - Tyrrell: Tyche See Fortuna. Tycho Brahe See BraHe. Tycoon, Or Skogun See Japan, vol. ix., pp. 542, 543. Tympanum See Ear. Tyne Tyne, a river of Northumberland, England, formed by the junction ...

Tyrtaeus - Uchees: Tyrtaeus Tyrtaeus, a Greek poet of the 7th century B. C, a native of Attica or of Lacedaemon. An ancient tradition recounts that, in the second Messenian war, the Spartans were commanded by an oracle...

Ugo Da Carpi - Ulema (The Arabic Plural Of Alim A Learned Man): Ugo Da Carpi Ugo Da Carpi, an Italian painter and engraver, born in Rome about 1486, died in the second quarter of the 16th century. He is chiefly known as the inventor of a species of engraving on w...

Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus) - Umbre: Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus) Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus), a Roman jurist, assassinated at Rome, A. D. 228. He was of Tyrian origin, and during the reigns of Septimius Severus and Caracalla wrote juristi...

Umbrella (Lam) - Unicorn: Umbrella (Lam) Umbrella (Lam), a genus of gasteropod mollusks, so called from the resemblance of the flattened shell to an umbrella. The animal has a very large tuberculated foot, deeply notched in f...

Unicorn Plant - Ushant (Fr. Ouessant): Unicorn Plant See Martynia. Unitas Fratrum See Moravians. United Provinces See Netherlands. University Of Vermont See Burlington. Upolu See Samoan Islands. Upson Upson, a W. count...

Usumasamta River - VII: Usumasamta River See Guatemala. Utopia (Gr. Oft Not And Tdnog, A Place) Utopia (Gr. Oft Not And Tdnog, A Place), the title of a political romance by Sir Thomas More, and the name that he gave to ...

Vaga Medway Fane - Valencia: Vaga Medway Fane Vaga Medway Fane, a river of England, which rises in the S. E. part of Surrey, traverses Kent, flowing mainly E. and N., and falls into the estuary of the Thames at Sheerness near it...

Valentin Magnan - Vallombrosa (Shady Valley): Valentin Magnan Valentin Magnan, a French physician, born in Perpignan, March 16, 1835. He completed his studies in Paris in 1863, and won in 1865 the Civrieux academical prize for his Etude clinique...

Valoma - Van Veen, Or Venins, Otho: Valoma See Oak, vol. xii., p. 558. Vampire Vampire, a fabulous creature of popular belief, especially in Greece, Hungary, Moravia, Silesia, Poland, and Russia. The ghouls of the Persians and Arab...

Van Wert - Vas (Ger. Eisenburg): Van Wert Van Wert, a N. W. county of Ohio, bordering on Indiana, drained by the St. Mary's and tributaries of the Auglaize river; area, 390 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 15,823. The surface is level and most...

Vasa - Veii: Vasa I. A W. LäN Or Government Of Finland Russia A W. LäN Or Government Of Finland, bordering on the gulf of Bothnia; area, 16,146 sq. m.; pop. in 1872, 310,937. The surface is level, and there are ...

Vejyaissin - Veni Beni: Vejyaissin See Comtat-VenaissijST. Velleius Paterculus See Patercultts. Velletri (Anc. Velitroe) Velletri (Anc. Velitroe), a town of central Italy, at the foot of Mt. Artemisio, in the provin...

Venloo - Vertigo (Lat. From Vertere To Turn): Venloo Venloo, a fortified town of the Netherlands, in the province of Limburg, on the right bank of the Maas, 40 m. N. N. E. of Maestricht; pop. about 8,000. It has a large Catholic church, a fine t...

Vertumncs, Or Vortumnus - Veszprem (Ger. Wesprim): Vertumncs, Or Vortumnus Vertumncs, Or Vortumnus, an Etruscan or Sabine divinity, worshipped by the ancient Romans as the god who presided over the seasons, and the blossoming and bearing of trees and...

Viborg - Victor Emanijel I: Viborg I. A S. E. LäN Or Government Of Finland Russia A S. E. LäN Or Government Of Finland, bordering on the gulf of Finland; area, 16,611 sq. m.; pop. in 1872, 276,884, chiefly Karelians. Lake Lado...

Victor Julius Carls - Victor Sejour: Victor Julius Carls Victor Julius Carl's, a German zoologist, born in Leipsic, Aug. 25, 1823. He is the grandson of Friedrich August Cams (1770-1807), who was a professor and author of six posthumous...

Victoria Falls - Vilayet: Victoria Falls See Zambesi. Victoria Nyanza See N'yanza. Victoria Regia See Water Lily. Victorien Sardou Victorien Sardou, a French dramatist, born in Paris, Sept. 7, 1831. His early life...

Villafranca - Vincenzo Vela: Villafranca Villafranca, a town of Italy, in Venetia, on the Tartaro, 9 m. S: W. of Verona; pop. about 7,000. It has several churches and schools and the remains of a vast castellated structure. The ...

Vincenzo Viviam - Violoncello: Vincenzo Viviam Vincenzo Viviam, an Italian mathematician, born in Florence, April 5, 1622, died there, Sept. 22, 1703. He was a pupil of Galileo, then old, blind, and under the ban of the inquisitio...

Virgin's Bower - Viterbo: Virgin's Bower See Clematis. Virginal Virginal, a keyed and stringed instrument, now out of use, somewhat like the spinet, in shape like the pianoforte. Its compass was about four octaves. In the...

Vitez Mihaly Csokonai - Volsci: Vitez Mihaly Csokonai Vitez Mihaly Csokonai, a Hungarian poet, born at Debreczin, Nov. 17, 1773, died Jan. 28, 1805. He was educated at the college of his native town, and appointed professor of clas...

Volsimi - Wabash College: Volsimi See Bolsena. Volturiyo (Anc. Vulturnus) Volturiyo (Anc. Vulturnus), a river of S. Italy, in Campania, which rises near Monte Meta, midway between Gaëta and Naples, flows S. E. and W., and...

Wabash River - Wagram: Wabash River See Indiana, vol. ix., p. 233. Wabashaw Wabashaw, a S. E. county of Minnesota, bounded E. by the Mississippi river, which separates it from Wisconsin, and intersected by Zumbro and o...

Wah - Walcheren: Wah See Panda. Wahkiakum Wahkiakum, a S. W. county of Washington territory, bounded S. by Columbia river; area, 225 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 270. The surface is rough and mountainous, and generally ...

Waldoborofoh - Walpurgis Night (Ger. Walpurgisnacht): Waldoborofoh Waldoborofoh, a town and port of entry of Lincoln co., Maine, at the head of tide on Medomac river, 15 m. from the sea, and on the Knox and Lincoln railroad, about 50 m. N. E. of Portlan...

Walsall - Walther Von Der Vogelweide ("Walter Of The Bird Meadow "): Walsall Walsall, a municipal and parliamentary borough of Staffordshire, England, 7 m. N. W. of Birmingham, and 110 m. N. W. of London; pop. in 1871, 46,447. It is built on a ridge above a stream of ...

Wanderoo - Warrick: Wanderoo See Macaque. Wapello Wapello, a S. E. county of Iowa, intersected by the Des Moines river; area, 432 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 22,346. The surface is undulating and the soil highly fertile. ...

Warwickshire - Washita, Or Ouachita: Warwickshire Warwickshire, a midland county of England, bordering on the counties of Leicester, Northampton, Oxford, Gloucester, Worcester, and Stafford; area, 881 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 633,902. With...

Wat Tiler - Wateree: Wat Tiler See Richard II. Watauga Watauga, a N. W. county of North Carolina, bordering on Tennessee, and drained by the New and Watauga rivers; area, 550 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 5,287, of whom 226 ...

Watermelon - Waupaca: Watermelon See Melon. Watonwan Watonwan, a S. county of Minnesota, drained by the Watonwan river, flowing E. to the Blue Earth; area, 432 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 2,426; in 1875, 4,024. The surface ...

Waushara - Wegefarth: Waushara Waushara, a central county of Wisconsin, drained by Fox, White, and Pine rivers; area, 648 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 11,279; in 1875, 11,523. The surface is undulating and partly covered with a ...

Weier's C1ve - Welland: Weier's C1ve Weier's C1ve, a stalactite cavern in the 1ST. E. part of Augusta co., Va., about 18 m. E. by N. of Staunton, ranking next to Mammoth and Wyandotte among similar caves in the United State...

Wellwood - Weser (Anc. Visurgis): Wellwood See Moncreiff. Wen Wen, an encysted tumor, usually growing upon some part of the hairy scalp. It consists of a closed sac, of fibrous texture, more or less closely connected with the nei...

Wessex (That Is West Saxony) - Wester Norrland, Or Hernosand: Wessex (That Is West Saxony) Wessex (That Is West Saxony), a kingdom of the Saxon heptarchy in England during the 6th, 7th, and 8th centuries. It was founded about 500 by Cerdic, under whom it compri...

Westerbotten - Westmanland: Westerbotten Westerbotten, a N. län of Sweden, in Norrland, bordering on Norway and the gulf of Bothnia; area, 23,865 sq. m.; pop. in 1874, 96,084, including many Lapps. It is traversed by branches o...

Westmeath - Wetzel: Westmeath Westmeath, a central county of Ireland, in the province of Leinster, bordering on Cavan, Meath, King's, Roscommon, and Longford; area, 678 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 78,416. The surface is hilly...

Whalebone, Or Baleen - White Kennet: Whalebone, Or Baleen Whalebone, Or Baleen, the horny laminated plates or blades in the mouth of the balcena or right whale. These plates, which number about 300 in the mouth of a full-grown animal, a...

White Lead - Whitehaven: White Lead See Lead, vol. x., p. 245. White Pine White Pine, an E. county of Nevada, bordering on Utah; area, 6,720 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 7,189, of whom 292 were Chinese; in 1875, 2,557, of whom ...

Whitesides - Wicklow: Whitesides Whitesides, a N. W. county of Illinois, separated from Iowa by the Mississippi river and intersected by Rock river; area, 730 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 27,503. The surface is level and diversi...

Wicomico - Wigan: Wicomico Wicomico, a S. E. county of Maryland, bounded N. by Delaware, E. by the Pocomoke river, and W. by the Nanticoke, and intersected by the Wicomico, a tributary of Chesapeake bay, navigable to ...

Wigtonshire, Or Wigtownshire - Wilhelm Camphausen: Wigtonshire, Or Wigtownshire Wigtonshire, Or Wigtownshire, a county of Scotland, bordering on Ayrshire, Kirkcudbrightshire, the Irish sea, and the North channel; area, 512 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 38,83...

Wilhelm Friedrich Eisenlohr - Wilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Ruppell: Wilhelm Friedrich Eisenlohr Wilhelm Friedrich Eisenlohr, a German physicist, born at Pforzheim, Jan. 1, 1799, died in Carlsruhe, July 9, 1872. He studied at Heidelberg, and in 1819 was appointed teac...

Wilhelm Roscher - Wilhelm Wolff: Wilhelm Roscher Wilhelm Roscher, a German economist, born in Hanover, Oct. 21, 1817. He graduated at Berlin in 1840, and was professor there from 1843 to 1846, and afterward at Leipsic. His principal...

Wilhelmshaven - William Alexander Graham: Wilhelmshaven Wilhelmshaven, a seaport town of Germany, in the former territory and at the N. W. end of the bay of Jade, since 1873 part of the Prussian province of Hanover, 40. m. N. W. of Bremen; p...

William Allen Butler - William Babington: William Allen Butler William Allen Butler, an American lawyer and poet, born in Albany, N. Y., in 1825. He graduated at the university of the city of New York in 1843, studied law with his father, B....

William Baffin - William Billy (Austin): William Baffin William Baffin, an English navigator, born in 1584, died in 1622. In 1612 he accompanied James Hall on his fourth arctic expedition, and on his return wrote an account of it, in which ...

William Blackstone - William Bonrn Oliver Peabody: William Blackstone William Blackstone, the first white inhabitant of Boston, died on Blackstone river, a few miles north of Providence, May 26, 1675. He is supposed to have been a graduate of Emanuel...

William Bowyer - William Buchan: William Bowyer William Bowyer, an English printer and scholar, born Dec. 19, 1699, died Nov. 18,1777. He studied at Cambridge, and became printer to the house of commons and various learned societies...

William Burroughs - William Carleton: William Burroughs William Burroughs, an American naval officer, born at Kenderton, near Philadelphia, Oct. 6, 1785, died Sept. 5, 1813. He entered the navy as midshipman in 1800, and rose to the rank...

William Case - William Croft: William Case William Case, an American Methodist clergyman, born at Swansea, Mass., Aug. 27, 1780, died at Alnwick mission house, Canada, Oct. 19,1855. He was received into the New York conference in...

William Crotch - William Derham: William Crotch William Crotch, an English composer, born at Norwich in 1775, died at Taunton, Dec. 29, 1847. When scarcely two years of age he could play tunes on the harpsichord, and a year later wa...

William Dobson - William Edward Hartpole Lecky: William Dobson William Dobson, an English painter, born in London in 1610, died in 1646. He served an apprenticeship with a portrait painter and picture dealer, and availed himself of the opportunity...

William Ellis - William Frederick Ye Ames: William Ellis William Ellis, an English writer on social science, born in London in 1800. In 1846 he procured the introduction of social science as a branch of elementary education in the London scho...

William George Browne - William Griffith: William George Browne William George Browne, an English traveller, born in London in 1768, died in Persia in 1813. He was educated at Oxford, travelled in Egypt, and attempted to explore the interior...

William Guthrie - William Hague: William Guthrie William Guthrie, a Scottish author, born in Brechin about 1708, died in London in 1770. He studied at Aberdeen, and for some time was a schoolmaster, then went to London and became an...

William Hamilton - William Haughton: William Hamilton William Hamilton, a Scottish poet, born at Bangour, Ayrshire, in 1704, died in Lyons. France, March 25, 1754. He was living a life of literary leisure when the young pretender raised...

William Hayley - William Henry Fox Talbot: William Hayley William Hayley, an English author, born in Chichester in 1745, died in Felpham, Nov. 20, 1820. He was educated at Eton and Cambridge, and studied law, but being rich devoted himself to...

William Henry Hunt - William Hilton: William Henry Hunt William Henry Hunt, an English water-color painter, born in London in 1790, died Feb'. 10, 1864. He became a member of the old society of painters in water colors in 1824, and from...

William Hodges - William Hubbard: William Hodges William Hodges, an English painter, born in London about 1744, died March 6, 1797. After gaining some repute as a painter of landscapes, theatrical decorations, and architectural views...

William Huntington - William Jacob Hays: William Huntington William Huntington, an English preacher, born in 1744, died at Tunbridge Wells in August, 1813. His early life was passed in menial service and dissipation; but having been convert...

William Jacobson - William John Thoms: William Jacobson William Jacobson, an English bishop, born in Norfolk in 1803. He graduated at Lincoln college, Oxford, in 1827. In 1829 he was elected fellow of Exeter college, and in 1832 was chose...

William Josiah Irons - William Ladd: William Josiah Irons William Josiah Irons, an English clergyman and author, born at Hoddesden, Hertfordshire, Sept. 12, 1812. He graduated at Queen's college, Oxford, in 1833, was some time a curate ...

William Lee - William Mackergo Taylor: William Lee William Lee, an Irish clergyman, born in 1815. He was educated at Trinity college, Dublin, of which he was elected fellow in 1839; appointed professor of ecclesiastical history in 1857, a...

William Maskell - William May Wightman: William Maskell William Maskell, an English clergyman, born in Bath in 1814. He graduated at University college, Oxford, in 1836, took orders in 1837, and became rector of Corscombe, Dorset, in 1842,...

William Mercer Green - William Morris Hunt: William Mercer Green William Mercer Green, an American bishop of the Protestant Episcopal church, born in Wilmington, N. C, May 2, 1798. He graduated at the university of his native state in 1818, st...

William Motntford - William Of Champeaijx: William Motntford William Motntford, an American clergyman, born in Kidderminster, England, May 31, 1816. He was educated at Manchester New college, and was minister of a Unitarian chapel in Manchest...

William Of Malmesbiry - William Prout: William Of Malmesbiry William Of Malmesbiry, an English historian, born in Somersetshire about 1095. died at Malmesbury about 1143. He was destined for the church, and early entered the monastery of ...

William R Williams - William Rollinson Whittixgham: William R Williams William R Williams, an American clergyman, born in New York, Oct. 14, 1804. He graduated at Columbia college in 1822, studied law, practised for a year, and after a visit to Europe...

William Rowley - William Scott Stowell: William Rowley William Rowley, an English dramatist of the age of Elizabeth, who lived through the reign of James L, and died in that of Charles I. He was educated at Cambridge, belonged to the royal...

William Senhouse Kirkes - William Starbnck Mayo: William Senhouse Kirkes William Senhouse Kirkes, an English physician, born about 1820, died in December, 1864. He was physician to St. Bartholomew's hospital in London, and lecturer to the medical c...

William Tennant - William Tudor: William Tennant William Tennant, a Scottish poet, born at Easter Anstruther, Fifeshire, in 1785, died near Dollar, Feb. 15, 1848. He was educated at the university of St. Andrews. At an early age he ...

William Tully - William Wake: William Tully William Tully, an American physician, born in Saybrook, Conn., Nov. 18, 1785, died in Springfield, Mass., Feb. 28,1859. He graduated at Yale college in 1806, studied medicine, and in 18...

William Ward - William Whiting: William Ward William Ward, an English missionary, born in Derby, Oct. 20, 1769, died in Serampore, Hindostan, March 7, 1823. He learned printing, studied for the ministry, and in 1799 was sent by the...

William Williams - William Woollett: William Williams William Williams, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, born in Lebanon, Windham co., Conn., April 18, 1731, died there, Aug. 2, 1811. He graduated at Harvard college in 1751....

William Wotton - Williamsburgh: William Wotton William Wotton, an English author, born at Wrentham, Suffolk, Aug. 13, 1666, died at Buxted, Essex, Feb. 13, 1726. He entered Catharine hall, Cambridge, before he was ten years old, gr...

Willibrod - Winter: Willibrod See Wilbrord. Wind Floater See Anemone. Windermere Windermere, an English lake, in Lancashire and Westmoreland, surrounded by gentle wooded eminences. It is about 11 m. long, and fr...

Winterthijr - Withe: Winterthijr Winterthijr, a town of Switzerland, on the Eulach, in the canton and 16 m. N. E. of the city of Zürich; pop. in 1870, 9,404. It is surrounded by walks and vineyards, and is one of the mos...

Witness - Wolfenbuitel: Witness See Evidence. Wittekind, Or Wittikind See Charles I. (Charlemagne), vol. iv., p. 290. Witten Witten, a town of Prussia, in Westphalia, on the Ruhr, 32 m. W. by N. of Arnsberg; pop. in...

Wolfgang Miller Von Komgswiyter - Woodson: Wolfgang Miller Von Komgswiyter Wolfgang Miller Von KöMgswiyter, a German poet, born at Königswinter, near Bonn, March 5. 1816. He studied medicine at Bonn, graduated at Berlin in 1840, and was a phy...

Worcestershire - X: Worcestershire Worcestershire, a W. county of England, bordering on the counties of Salop, Stafford, Warwick, Gloucester, and Hereford; area, 738 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 338,848. The surface is general...

Xalapa - Xenopdanes: Xalapa See Jalapa. Xalisco See Jalisco. Xanthijs, A Town Of Lycia See Lycia. Xanthine Xanthine, a compound often found in urinary calculi, discovered by Marcet in a calculus weighing only...

Xerez - Yalobusha: Xerez See Jerez. Xexocrates Xexocrates, a Greek philosopher, born in Chalcedon in 396 B. 0., died in 314. He attached himself successively to ^Eschines the Socratic and to Plato, whom he accompan...

Yamaska - Yankee Doodle: Yamaska Yamaska, a S. county of Quebec, Canada, on the S. bank of the St. Lawrence, where it expands into Lake St. Peter; area, 261 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 16,317, of whom 15,800 were of French origin ...

Yaquis, Or Hiaqnis - Yekaterinodar: Yaquis, Or Hiaqnis Yaquis, Or Hiaqnis, an Indian tribe in Sonora, Mexico, occupying Cocorin, Bacum, Torin, and five other towns on the Yaqui river. They are allied to the Pimas, and their language is...

Yekaterinograd - Yellow Springs: Yekaterinograd Yekaterinograd, a fortified town of European Russia, in the Ciscaucasian territory of the Terek, on the left bank of the river Terek, 20 m. TV. of Mozdok; pop. about 5,000. It is a chi...

Yellow-Hammer (Emberiza Citrinella Linn) - Yolo: Yellow-Hammer (Emberiza Citrinella Linn) Yellow-Hammer (Emberiza Citrinella Linn) a very common European bird of the bunting family. It is 71/8 in. long and 11 in. in extent of wings; in the male the...

York River - Yuba: York River York River, a river of E. Virginia, formed by the union of the Mattapony and Pamunkey at West Point, at the S. E. extremity of King Wilham co.. It flows S. E. 40 m., and falls into Chesape...

Yukon River - Zagazig: Yukon River See Alaska, vol. i., p. 240. Yuma Yuma, the S. W. county of Arizona, bounded S. by Mexico, separated from California and Lower California on the west by the Colorado river, and inters...

Zagros - Zara (Anc. Jadera): Zagros Zagros, the ancient name of a range of mountains which separated Media from Assyria. (See Persia, vol. xiii., p. 315). Zahdicl Boylston Zahdicl Boylston, an American physician, born at Bro...

Zarlnd - Zeitz, A Town Of Prussia: Zarlnd Zarlnd, a S. E. county of Hungary, in the Trans-Tibiscan circle, bordering N. E. and S. on Transylvania; area, 501 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 63,282. It is mountainous throughout. The chief river ...

Zekam - Zephamah Swift Moore: Zekam See Ceram. Zelle See Celle. Zemplen, Or Zemplin Zemplen, Or Zemplin, a N county of Hungary, in the Cis-Tibiscan circle, bordering on the counties of Ung, Szabolcs, Borsod, Abauj, and Sa...

Zephaniah - Znaym: Zephaniah Zephaniah, one of the twelve minor prophets, a descendant of Hezekiah, supposed by many to be the king of that name. He prophesied in the reign of King Josiah, about 625 B. 0. His prophecy ...

Zoaida Dove - Zoophytes (Gr. An Animal And Vy A Plant): Zoaida Dove See Pigeon, vol. xiii., p. 506. Zodiacal Light See Zodiacal Light. Zoilus Zoilus, an ancient critic, a native of Amphipolis or Ephesus, who flourished about the middle of the 4th ...

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