Johann Gottlieb Buhle, a German philosopher, born in Brunswick in 1763, died in 1821. When only 18 years old he delivered a course of lectures on the history and literature of philosophy; and at the age of 20 he gained at Gottingen the academical prize. In 1787 he was appointed extraordinary and in 1792 ordinary professor of philosophy at Gottingen. When the French occupied Hanover he was deprived of his professorship, and withdrew to Russia, where he became successively professor of philosophy, history, and literature in the university of Moscow, librarian of the grand duchess Catharine, and councillor of state. He retired from Moscow before its occupation by Napoleon, and drew up a comparison between the taking of Moscow by the French and of Rome by the Gauls. He returned in 1814 to his native town. He published Lehrbuch der Geschichte der Philosophic (1796-1804); Lehrbuch des Naturrechts (1799); Geschichte der neuern Philosophie (1800); Ursprung und Schiclcsale der Rosenhreuzer und Freimaurer (1804); Versuch einer kritischen Literatur der russischen Geschichte (1810); and other works.