4311. Bisulphide or Bisulphuret of Carbon

4311.    Bisulphide or Bisulphuret of Carbon. This is used in the arts as a solvent for India-rubber, gutta percha, etc.. To procure it, Mulder recommends the following process as the most convenient. Provide an iron bottle (a quicksilver bottle answers very well), and make a second opening into it. To one opening adapt a copper tube bent twice at right angles; and to the other a straight tube dipping into the bottle. Having nearly filled the bottle with pieces of charcoal (recently heated to redness), and having screwed on the bent and straight tubes, place the bottle in a furnace, closing the mouth of the latter with a stone or clay cover in two pieces, hollowed in the centre so as to fit the upper part of the bottle, and defend it from the action of the fire. Connect the curved tube with a "Wolffe's bottle half-filled with water, and placed in a freezing mixture; and when the iron bottle is sufficiently heated, introduce by the straight tube fragments of sulphur, and immediately close the mouth of the tube with a plug. The bisulphuret, as it comes over, falls to the bottom of the water. Separate it from the water, and distill over dry chloride of calcium.

4312. Terpine

4312.    Terpine. Leave oil of turpentine for a long time in contact with a mixture of nitric acid and alcohol. Crystals of terpine form. By boiling an aqueous solution of terpine with a small quantity of sulphuric or other acid, terpinole is formed, and may be separated by distillation. It has the odor of hyacinths.

4313. Sugar Resin

4313.   Sugar Resin. Mix 16 parts strong sulphuric acid with 8 of the strongest nitric acid; when cooled to 70° Fahr., stir in 1 part of finely-powdered sugar. In a few seconds, when the sugar has become pasty, take it out of the acid and plunge it into cold water. Add more sugar to the acid, and proceed as before. Wash the resinous matter carefully, and dissolve it in alcohol or ether. Evaporate the solution with a gentle heat. It is very combustible. Its solution may be used to render gunpowder, lucifer matches, etc., waterproof.

4314. Aluminized Charcoal

4314.    Aluminized Charcoal. This is recommended by Dr. Stenhouse as a cheap and very efficient decolorizing agent. Dissolve in water 54 parts of the sulphate of alumina of commerce, and mix with 921/2 parts of finely powdered wood charcoal. When the charcoal is saturated, evaporate to dryness, and heat to redness in covered Hessian crucibles till the water and acid are dissipated. The charcoal contains just 71/2 per cent, of anhydrous alumina.

4315. Styrol

4315.    Styrol. Mix 20 parts of storax with 7 of carbonate of soda, and put them into a retort with water, and apply heat. A limpid fluid distills, which becomes, when heated to a certain point, a transparent solid.

4316. Turpentine

4316.    Turpentine. An oleo-resin flowing from the trunk, after removing the bark of the pitch or swamp pine. It is viscid, transparent, and of the consistence of honey.