To Measure Bulk Wood

To measure a pile of wood, multiply the length by the width, and that product by the height, which will give the number of cubic feet. Divide that product by 128, and the quotient will be the number of cords. A standard cord of wood, it must be remembered, is four feet thick; that is, the wood must be four feet long. Farmers usually go by surface measure, calling a pile of stove wood eight feet long and four feet high a cord. Under such circumstances thirty-two feet would be the divisor.

Grain Measure - To find the capacity of a bin or wagon-bed, multiply the cubic feet by .8 (tenths). For great accuracy add one-third of a bushel for every 100 cubic feet. To find the cubic feet, multiply the length, width and depth together.

Land Measure - To find the number of acres in a body of land, multiply the length by the width (in rods), and divide the product by 160. When the opposite sides are unequal, add them, and take half the sum for the mean length or width.

Cistern Measure - To find the capacity of a round cistern or tank, multiply the square of the average diameter by the depth, and take three-sixteenths of the product. For great accuracy, multiply by .1865. For square cisterns or tanks, multiply the cubic feet by .23/8. The result is the contents in barrels.

To Measure Casks or Barrels - Find mean diameter by adding to head diameter two-thirds (if staves are but slightly curved, three-fifths) of difference between head and bung diameters, and dividing by two. Multiply square of mean diameter in inches by . 7854, and the product by the height of the cask in inches. The result will be the number of cubic inches. Divide by 231 for standard or wine gallons and by 282 for beer gallons.

To Ascertain the Weight of Cattle - Measure the girt close behind the shoulder, and the length from the forepart of the shoulder-blade along the back to the bone at the tail, which is in a vertical line with the buttock, both in feet. Multiply the square of the girt, expressed in feet by ten times the length, and divide the product by three; the quotient is the weight, nearly, of the fore quarters, in pounds avoirdupois. It is to be observed, however, that in very fat cattle, the fore quarters will be about one-twentieth more, while in those in a very lean state they will be one-twentieth less than the weight obtained by the rule.

Measures oF Capacity - The following table, showing contents of boxes, will often be found convenient, taking inside dimensions: 24 in. x 24 in. x 14.7 will contain a barrel of 311/2 gallons.

15 in. x 14 in. x 11 in. will contain 10 gallons. 81/4 in x 7 in. x 4 in. will contain a gallon.

4 in. x 4 in x 3.6 in. will contain a quart. . 24 in. x 28 in. x 16 in. will contain 5 bushels.

16 in. x 12 in. x 11.2 in. will contain a bushel.

12 in. x 11.2 in. x 8 in. will contain a half bushel.

7 in. x 6.4 in. x 12 in. will contain a peck.

8.4 in. x 8 in. x 4 in. will contain a half peck, or 4 dry quarts!

6 in. x 53/5 in., and 4 in. deep, will contain a half gallon.

4 in. x 4 in., and 21/10 in. deep, will contain a pint.

How To Measure A Tree

Very many persons, when looking for a stick of timber, are at a loss to estimate either the height of the tree or the length of timber it will cut. The following rule will enable any one to approximate nearly to the length from the ground to any position desired on the tree: Take a stake, say six feet in length, and place it against the tree you wish to measure. Then step back some rods, twenty or more if you can, from which to do the measuring. At this point a light pole and a measuring rule are required. The pole is raised between the eyes and the tree, and the rule is brought into position against the Coins, Weights And Measures. 187 pole. Then by sighting and observing what length of the rule is required to cover the stake of the tree, and what the entire tree, dividing the latter length by the former and multiplying by the number of feet the stake is long, you reach the approximate height of the tree. For example, if the stake at the tree be six feet above ground and one inch on your rule corresponds exactly with this, and if then the entire height of the tree corresponds exactly with say nine inches on the rule, this would show the tree to possess a full height of fifty-four feet.

In practice it will thus be found an easy matter to learn the approximate height of any tree, building, or other such object.

Rules for Measuring Corn in Crib, Vegetables, etc., and Hay in Mow - This rule will apply to a crib of any size or kind. Two cubic feet of good, sound, dry corn in the ear will make a bushel of shelled corn; to get, then, the quantity of shelled corn in a crib of corn in the ear, measure the length, breadth and height of the crib, inside the rail; multiply the length by the breadth and the product by the height, then divide the product by two, and you have the number of bushels of shelled corn in the crib.

To find the number of bushels of apples, potatoes, etc., in a bin, multiply the length, breadth and thickness together, and this product by eight, and point off one figure in the product for decimals.

To find the amount of hay in a mow, allow 512 cubic feet for a ton, and it will come out very generally correct.