Arnsberg

Arnsberg, a town of Westphalia, on the Ruhr 36 miles E. of Hagen by rail. Here were held the famous Vehmgerichte. Pop. 9131.

Arnstadt

Arnstadt, the chief town in the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, on the Gera, 10 ' miles S. of Erfurt. Dating back to 704 a.d., it is now a manufacturing town, with weaving, glove-making, brewing, etc. Pop. 14,818.

Arnswalde

Arnswalde, a Prussian town, 41 miles SE. of Stettin, between three lakes. Pop. 8378.

Arokszallas

Arokszallas, a town of Hungary, 44 miles NE. of Pesth. Pop. 12,794.

Arolsen

Arolsen, the capital of the principality of Waldeck, on the Aar, 14 miles SSW. of Warburg. Its castle (1720) contains West's ' Death of Wolfe.' The sculptor Rauch and the painter Kaulbach were natives. Pop. 2620.

Aroostook

Aroo'stook, a river which, rising in the north of Maine, falls into the St John in New Brunswick, after a course of about 120 miles.

Arpino

Arpi'no (anc. Arpinum), the birthplace of Cicero and Marius, on an eminence midway between Rome and Naples. Pop. 5145.

Arqua

Ar'qua, an Italian village with 1000 inhabitants, 12 miles SW. of Padua, in the Euganean Hills. Here Petrarch died (1374).

Arrabida

Arrabida, a monastery, cave, and place of pilgrimage, W. of Setubal (q.v.) in Portugal.

Arracan

Arracan. See Arakan.

Arragon

Arragon. See Aragon.

Arranmore

Arranmore, or North Arran, a Donegal island, 4 miles long by 3 wide, and 745 feet high.

Arras

Arras, the capital of the French dep. of Pas-de-Calais, on the navigable Scarpe, 120 miles N. of Paris. A fortress of the first rank, it has a cathedral (1755-1833) and a beautiful Gothic h6tel-de-ville (1510), whose belfry, 246 feet high, was rebuilt in 1835. There are manufactures of lace, hosiery, beet-sugar, etc.; and its tapestry was formerly so famous that in England the name arras was given to all such hangings. Arras was the capital of the Celtic Atrebates (whence the name), and subsequently of Artois. It did not finally become French till 1640. Robespierre was a native. Pop. (1872) 21,447; (1891) 25,701; (1901) 25,850.

Arrocnar

Arrocnar, a village at the head of Loch Long, 17 miles N. of Helensburgh by rail.

Arroyo Molinos

Arroyo Molinos, a village in Estremadura, Spain, where Lord Hill routed the French, 28th October 1811.

Arru Islands

Arru Islands, a group of over eighty islands in the Dutch East Indies, lying west of New Guinea, with a united area of 2650 sq. m., and a population of 15,000. The largest island is Tanna-Besar (77 miles long by 50 broad). The surface is low, the coasts are steep and inaccessible, on the east side fringed with coral reefs. The soil is covered with the most luxuriant vegetation.

Arsamas

Arsamas, a Russian town, 60 miles S. of Nijni-Novgorod; pop. 11,497.

Ars-sur-Moselle

Ars-sur-Moselle, a town of Alsace-Lorraine, on the Moselle, 6 miles SW. of Metz by rail; pop. 4620.

Arta

Arta (Turkish Narda, the ancient Ambracia), capital of a division of Thessaly, ceded to Greece by Turkey in 1881 (area, 395 sq. m.; pop. 31,178). The town stands on the Arta (the ancient Arac-thus), 8 miles from its mouth in the Gulf of Arta (the ancient Ambracian Gulf), an arm of the Ionian Sea between Greece and Albania. It is the see of a Greek archbishop. Pop. 7328.