Chilkoot

Chilkoot, a pass from Dyea, on the inlet from the Pacific, over the mountains to the head-waters of the Yukon; on the main route to Klondike till the railway by the White Horse Pass.

Chilian

Chilian, capital of the Chilian province of Nuble, with bathing establishments on the extinct volcano of Chilian (9445 feet). Pop. 36,000.

Chillianwalla

Chillianwalla, a Punjab village, 5 miles from the Jhelum's east bank, and 85 NW. of Lahore. Here an indecisive but sanguinary battle was fought in the second Sikh war, 13th January 1849.

Chillicothe

Chillico'the, capital of Ross county, Ohio, on the Scioto River and the Ohio Canal, 50 miles S. of Columbus. It has manufactures of paper, leather, etc, and was from 1800 to 1810 the capital of the state. Pop. 12,282.

Chillingham

Chillingham, a village in the north of Northumberland, on the river Till, 8 miles SW. of Bel-ford. To the south is Chillingham Castle, seat of the Earl of Tankerville, built in the reign of Edward III. In the park, as at Cadzow, are preserved a herd of wild white cattle.

Chillon

Chillon (Fr. pron. Shee-yong'), a castle 1 1/2 mile SSE. of Montreux, at the east end of the Lake of Geneva. It was long a state-prison, and in it languished Byron's ' Prisoner of Chillon,' Bonivard.

Chiltern Hills

Chiltern Hills, the southern part of the low chalk range which runs north-east, about 70 miles, from the north bend of the Thames, in Oxfordshire, through Bucks and the borders of Herts and Beds. In Oxford, Herts, and Beds the Chiltern Hills are 15 to 20 miles broad, and the highest point is near Wendover (950 feet). - The hundreds of Bodenham, Desborough, and Stoke, in Buckinghamshire, are called the Chiltern Hundreds. The Stewardship of them (the salary being as fictitious as the duties) is still held to be an office of profit under the crown, and its acceptance by a member of the House of Commons entails the vacation of his seat (simple resignation without some disqualification not being provided for in parliamentary usage).

Chimborazo

Chimbora'zo, a conical peak of the Andes, in Ecuador, 20,498 feet above the sea, but only about 11,000 above the level of the valley of Quito, to the north. From 1745, when La Condamine ascended as high as 16,730 feet, numerous attempts had been made to scale it before Whymper in 1880 twice reached its summit. - The province of Chimborazo, to the south, has an area of 5523 sq. m., and a pop. of 120,300.

Chimbote

Chimbote (Tchim-bo'tay), a seaport of Peru, 250 miles NW. of Lima; pop. 2000.

China

China, Manchuria (q.v.), and its dependencies of Mongolia, I-li, and Tibet (q.v.), constitute the Chinese empire, embracing a vast territory in Eastern Asia only inferior in extent to the total dominions of Great Britain and Russia. The dependencies are not colonies, but subject territories. China Proper is alone dealt with in this article. By its natives the country is never so called, but usually by the Chinese words for 'The Middle State,' or 'The Kingdom of the Great Pure (dynasty).' The name China (Chi-na, land of Chin) comes to us from India through Buddhism. Various old names are Serica and Cathay, and in the Bible ' Land of Sinim' (Isa. xlix. 12).