Dargai

Dargai, in the Afridi hill country, near the Kohat Pass, in the NW. Frontier Province of India, was the scene of a brilliant feat of arms during the Tirah campaign in 1897.

Dariel

Dariel. See Caucasus.

Darien

Darien, a name formerly applied to the entire isthmus of Panama (q.v.), but now confined to the heavily-wooded hill-country lying between the Gulfs of Uraba (often called the Gulf of Darien) on the north and San Miguel on the south. William Paterson's Darien Scheme (1695-1703), to plant a Scottish colony on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Panama, proved a total fiasco.

Darjeeling

Darjeeling (Darjiling), a sanitary station in the Lower Himalayas, is situated on a narrow ridge, 7167 feet above the sea. It is a very popular sanatorium (1883), with a good water-supply. The fashionable month is October, after the rains, when the clear atmosphere shows a view of unsurpassed grandeur. Pop. 14,200.

Darlaston

Darlaston, a Staffordshire town, 1 1/2 mile NW. of Wednesbury, with ironworks and neighbouring coal and iron mines. Pop. 15,422.

Darling

Darling, a name applied to a river, a mountain-range, and two districts in Australia, is derived from Lieutenant-general Sir Ralph Darling (1775-1859), governor of New South Wales in 1825-31. (1) The river Darling, is formed by several head-streams, all rising in the great Dividing Range, and flows 11C0 miles south-westward to the Murray at Wentworth, on the border between New South Wales and South Australia. - (2) The Darling Range, in Western Australia, runs parallel to the west coast, at a distance of 10 to 25 miles; in Mount William it attains 3000 feet. - (3) The Darling district at the SW. corner of New South Wales, scantily watered, has an area of 50,000 sq. m. - (4) The Darling Downs (0080 sq. m.) form the richest pastoral district of Queensland, in the south of the colony. It was discovered by Allan Cunningham, the botanist, in 1827.

Darmstadt

Darmstadt, a town of Germany, capital of the grand-duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, is situated on the small river Darm, 15 miles S. of Frankfort-on-Main. One of its two palaces, the old ducal palace, contains museums of painting, natural history, and archaeology, and a library of 500,000 volumes; in the other, Prince Charles's palace, is Holbein's famous 'Meyer Madonna.' The handsome post-office dates from 1881, the theatre from 1871. There are manufactures of chemicals, hats, machinery, tobacco, playing-cards, carpets, and beer. Pop. (1875) 44,0S8; (1900) 72,380.

Darnaway

Darnaway, the Earl of Moray's seat, Elginshire, 3 1/2 miles SW. of Forres.

Darnetal

Darnetal, a town in the French dep. of Seine-Infurieure, 2 1/2 miles E. of Rouen. Pop. 6776.

Darnick

Darnick, a Roxburghshire village, 1 mile W. of Melrose. Pop. 307.

Darnley

Darnley, a Renfrewshire barony, 1 1/2 mile E. of Barrhead.

Dartford

Dartford, a thriving market-town of Kent, in the narrow valley of the Darent, 2 miles above its influx to the Thames, and 17 ESE. of London. Edward III. here founded an Augustinian nunnery (1355); St Edmund's chantry was a great place of pilgrimage; and at Dartford Wat Tyler commenced his rebellion (1381). The church, with a Norman tower, has interesting monuments - one to Sir John Spielman, Queen Elizabeth's jeweller, who in 1588 established here the first paper-mill in England. Paper is still manufactured, besides steam-engines, machinery, gunpowder, etc. Pop. (1851) 6224; (1891) 11,962; (1901) 18,644. See works by Dunkiu (1844) and Bayly (1876).