Konigsberg, (1) a town and fortress in East Prussia, on the river Pregel, 4 1/2 miles from the Frisches Haff and 366 by rail NE. of Berlin. The nucleus of the place was the block-house built in 1255 by the Teutonic Knights, but Konigsberg is quite a modern town. The castle, chiefly of the 16th and 18th centuries, was the headquarters of the grand-master of the Teutonic Order, and from 1525 to 1618 the residence of the Dukes of Prussia. In the castle chapel (1592) Frederick I. crowned himself first king of Prussia in 1701. The Gothic cathedral (1333) was restored in 1856; in an adjoining building Kant lies buried. The university was founded as a Lutheran institution in 1544, and rebuilt in 1844-65, has an observatory (1811), a zoological museum (1819), a botanical garden (1809), a library of 200,000 volumes, 96 teachers, and over 650 students. One of the most imposing edifices in the town is the new exchange (1875). The industries include the manufacture of iron, machinery, pianos, thread, meerschaum, tobacco, beer, etc. Konigsberg is a chief continental centre for the tea trade, and ships immense quantities of corn. Large merchant-vessels unload at Pillau, 28 1/2 miles by rail to the west, at the entrance from the Baltic to the Frisches Haff. Pop. (1875) 122,636; (1905) 192,500. - (2)There is another Konigsberg, 34 miles B. of Stettin by rail. Pop. 5958.