North Adams

North Adams, a manufacturing village of Massachusetts, on the Hoosac River, near the west end of the Hoosac tunnel, 143 miles by rail W. by N. of Boston. It has woollen and cotton mills, shoe and print-cloth factories, a foundry, etc. Pop. 25,200.

Northallerton

Northallerton, the capital of the North Riding of Yorkshire, 30 miles NNW. of York. It has a town-hall (1874); a fine cruciform church, Norman to Perpendicular in style; a cottage hospital (1877); and sites of a Roman camp and a Norman castle of the bishops of Durham. At Standard Hill, 3 miles N., was fought, on 22d August 1138, the great battle of the Standard, in which Archbishop Thurstan routed David I. of Scotland. From 1640 to 1832 Northallerton returned two members, and then till 1885 one. Pop. 4050. See works by Ingledew (1858) and Saywell (1886).

North Berwick

North Berwick, a fashionable watering-place of Haddingtonshire, at the entrance to the Firth of Forth, 23 miles by a branch-line (1848) ENE. of Edinburgh and 10 by water SSE. of Elie in' Fife. Behind it rises conical North Berwick Law (612 feet); and westward stretch splendid golf-links. Tantallon Castle, 3 miles E., fronting the Bass Rock, is a magnificent ruin, finely described in Scott's Marmion. A stronghold of the Douglases, and the birthplace of Gawin Douglas, it resisted James V. in 1528, but in 1639 was ' dung down' by the Covenanters. Robert III. made North Berwick a royal burgh, and till 1885 it returned, with Haddington, etc, one member to parliament. Pop. 2900. See Ferrier's North Berwick (11th ed. 1890).

North Cape

North Cape, the northernmost point in Europe, in 71° 10' N. lat., is on the island of Magero. The northernmost point on the continent is Cape Nordkyn (71° 6' N. lat.), 6 miles farther S., and 45 miles E. of North Cape.

Northern Territory

Northern Territory. See South Australia.

Northfleet

Northfleet, a western suburb of Gravesend.

Northleach

Northleach, a Gloucestershire town, near the Leach's source, 10 miles NE. of Cirencester. It has a grammar-school (1607). Pop. 660.

North Marston

North Marston, a Bucks parish, 7 1/2 miles N. of Aylesbury. Here is Schorne College (1875).

Northowram

Northowram, a town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, since 1900 incorporated with Halifax.

North Queensferry

North Queensferry. See Queensferry.

North Shields

North Shields. See Shields.

Northumbria

Northumbria, the most northern of the ancient English kingdoms, stretching from the Humber northwards to the Firth of Forth, and separated from Cumbria and Strathclyde by the Pennine range and the Ettrick Forest.

North Walsham

North Walsham. See Walsham.

North-west Frontier Province

North-west Frontier Province, a new province of India (1901) under a chief commissioner, comprising the districts of Peshawar and Kohat, with parts of Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, and Hazara, all heretofore in the Punjab. Area, 16,466 sq. m.; pop. (1901) 2,125,480. Peshawar is capital.

North-west Passage

North-west Passage, a route for ships from the Atlantic to the Pacific by the north of America; proved by Franklin and his followers to exist, but to be impracticable for commerce. The North-east Passage is that by the north of Asia, utilised by Nordenskiold.