Pemberton

Pemberton, a town in Lancashire, 2 miles from Wigan, with collieries and cotton-mills. . Pop. (1901) 21,664.

Pembina

Pembina, capital of Pembina county, North Dakota, on the Red River of the North, at the mouth of the Pembina River, 68 miles by rail SW. of Winnipeg and 293 NW. of St Paul.

Pembrey

Pembrey, a Carmarthen port, on the Burry, 5 1/2 miles W. of Llanelly. Pop. of parish, 6435.

Penarth

Penarth, a Glamorganshire seaport, 3 miles S. of Cardiff, with a large dock (1851-65). Pop. in 1851, 105; now, 15,000.

Pendennis Castle

Pendennis Castle. See Falmouth.

Pendle Hill

Pendle Hill. See Clitheroe.

Pendleton

Pendleton, a NW. suburb of Manchester, wholly within the borough of Salford.

Penge

Penge, a township in the Dulwich division of Camberwell, 6 miles S. of London Bridge Station.

Peniche

Peniche (Pay-nee'shay), a seaport in the Portuguese province of Estremadura. Pop. 2969.

Penicuik

Penicuik (Pennycook), a town of Edinburghshire, on the North Esk, 10 miles S. of Edinburgh by road, but 16 by a branch line (1872). It has a Romanesque church-tower and large paper-mills, dating from 1709; whilst 2 miles NNE. are Glen-corse barracks (1804-82), originally a depot for French prisoners. Pop. (1841) 907; (1901) 3574. See Wilson's Annals of Penicuik (1891).

Penielheugh

Penielheugh, an eminence (774 feet) in Roxburghshire, 4 1/2 miles NE. of Jedburgh, crowned by a Waterloo column, 150 feet high.

Penistone

Penistone, a market-town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, on the Don, 13 1/4 miles NNW. of Sheffield. It has steel-works, collieries, etc, and a railway viaduct 76 feet high. Pop. 3080.

Penjdeh

Penjdeh, an important strategical position, near the fork of the Khushk and Murghab rivers, was seized from Afghanistan by the Russians in March 1885, and since 1887 has been formally included in Russian Turkestan.

Penkill Castle

Penkill Castle, an Ayrshire mansion, 3 miles E. by N. of Girvan, with paintings by W. B. Scott and memories of Rossetti.

Penkridge

Penkridge, a town of Staffordshire, on the Penk, 6 miles S. of Stafford by rail. Pop. 2343.

Penmaenmawr

Penmaenmawr, a Carnarvonshire watering-place (pop. 3510) 4 miles SW. of Conway by rail. On Penmaenmawr mountain (1553 feet), the northern extremity of the Snowdon group, are remains of a great British fort, Dinas Penmaen.

Pennar

Pennar, or Punnair, two rivers of southern India, both running eastwards through Madras Presidency to the Indian Ocean - the first (355 miles) a little N. of Nellore, the second (245) N. of Cuddalore.

Pennine Alps

Pennine Alps. See Alps.

Pennine Range

Pennine Range, 'the backbone of England,' a chain running southward from Northumberland to Derbyshire, and varying in height from 1200 feet to near 3000 (in Cross Fell).

Pennsylvania Castle

Pennsylvania Castle. See Portland (Isle).

Penobscot

Penob'scot, a river of Maine. The West Branch rises near the Canadian frontier, and flows E. and SE. to meet the East Branch or Seboois River. Afterwards its course is SSW. to Penobscot Bay, a broad and sheltered inlet of the Atlantic, 35 miles long and 20 wide, with numerous islands. The river is tidal and navigable for large vessels to Bangor, 60 miles from its mouth.