Standard Practical Plumbing | R. M. Starbuck
An exhaustive treatise on all branches of plumbing construction including drainage and venting, ventilation, hot and cold water supply and circulation. The work shows the latest and best plumbing practice, special attention being given to the skilled work of the plumber, and to the theory underlying plumbing devices and operations
| Title | Standard Practical Plumbing |
| Author | R. M. Starbuck |
| Publisher | The Norman W. Henley Publishing Company |
| Year | 1910 |
| Copyright | 1910, The Norman W. Henley Publishing Company |
| Amazon | Standard practical plumbing |
By R. M. Starbuck, Author of "Practical Wrinkles for the Plumber," "Modern Plumbing Illustrated"
A Special Feature: 347 Original Illustrations, Each One Being Drawn Expressly For This Work
Preface- IN general, the writing of works such as that which the author herewith presents, is accompanied by several features the effect of which is to materially lessen the excellent results which such a work...
- Introduction
- The intention of the author in presenting this work has been to produce something in the nature of a text book, which should not only appeal to the beginner as a book of instruction, but to his more a...
- Chapter I. The Plumber's Tools
- The tools which the plumber is now called upon to use in connection with his work are of quite different nature to those used previous to the advent of the present methods of construction. This chang...
- The Plumber's Tools. Part 2
- The dresser is a tool used in shaping and smoothing up lead pipe and sheet lead. Most dressers manufactured and sold are of hard wood, but many plumbers prefer to make their own of soft wood. The sof...
- The Plumber's Tools. Part 3
- To return to Fig. 2. the rasp shown is a necessary tool in the work of the plumber. This should be an ordinary coarse wood rasp, and is used for such purposes as beveling or tapering the ends of lead...
- The Plumber's Tools. Part 4
- R is a hammer head chisel and S a hammer head gouge, both of which are used in such work as cutting through floors, timbers, etc., and should be ground and tempered to withstand as well as possible th...
- Chapter II. Wiping Solder - Its Composition And Use
- Solder, such as used by the plumber, is composed of lead and tin. The proportions in which these two metals are used vary considerably with the use to which it is to be put. The plumber requires bot...
- Chapter III. Joint Wiping
- The art of making wiped solder joints is acquired only by experience, and written instructions concerning the subject amount to but little. To be able to make the various forms of wiped joints in a pe...
- Joint Wiping. Part 2
- The most up-to-date method, and one which is being rapidly adopted by plumbers, is the use of plumber's paste. This paste when heated, forms a sort of enamel coating over the surface of the pipe. It b...
- Joint Wiping. Part 3
- It is necessary to give a few suggestions concerning the wiping of upright joints, for wiped joints must often be made in this position. In Fig. 14 is shown an upright joint set up and ready for wipin...
- Joint Wiping. Part 4
- When the branch is fitted as shown in two of the illustrations, solder has a much greater opportunity of working into the pipe than in work properly constructed. It will be noted, also, that the amou...
- Chapter IV. Lead Work
- Plumbers' lead work has changed greatly within the last twenty-five years. In the first place, there is not nearly so much of this work done at the present time, different methods are used for constr...
- Lead Work. Continued
- A very effective method of supporting a lead lining on the sides of a large tank may be seen in Fig. 21. On large tanks special support is necessary, as the lead is soft and very heavy and liable to c...
- Chapter V. Traps
- The subject of traps is a fundamental one, inasmuch as upon the proper operation of the trap depends the operation of the entire plumbing system, from a sanitary standpoint. Defined, the trap is a ve...
- Traps. Continued
- There is also a class of traps so constructed as to give the waste in passing through it a centrifugal motion. This result is obtained by connecting the inlet into the trap on a tangent instead of int...
- Chapter VI. The Siphonage Of Traps
- As already stated, the trap seal is broken more frequently by siphonage than by any other means. In fact, siphonage is the greatest obstacle that confronts the trap, and it is the one thing that preve...
- Chapter VII. Venting
- While as a principle it has been known for ages, it is only within a comparatively few years that venting has been applied to the plumbing system as a means of overcoming such troubles as those mentio...
- Venting. Part 2
- It is a fact that after being in use for a length of time, a large majority of vents connected as in Fig. 41 become almost, if not entirely closed with grease, lint, etc., and in that condition of cou...
- Venting. Part 3
- In order to make sure that no vent shall act as a soil or waste pipe in the event of stoppage of any part of the waste the main branch vent should enter the vertical mainline of vent above the top of ...
- Chapter VIII. Continuous Venting
- As seen in the preceding chapter, the great obstacle to the operation of the trap vent is the collection of grease, etc., about the vent opening into the trap, in such quantity as to completely close ...
- Chapter IX. House Sewer And Sewer Connections
- Having now considered the two fundamental subjects of traps and venting, the entire plumbing system will be considered, beginning at the point where the house sewer connects into the public sewer. Bef...
- Chapter X. The House Drain
- The house drain is that part of the horizontal soil piping of the drainage system which receives all soil, waste, and drainage pipes of the house. In Fig. 72 is shown a plan view of a house drain, wit...
- The House Drain. Continued
- Each line of horizontal pipe that is hung from the basement ceiling or cellar timbers should be supported at each length. Support is provided by means of pipe hangers of wrought iron. These hangers sh...
- Chapter XI. Soil Piping - Roughing-In
- The term soil pipe is used in a popular manner to designate all iron drainage piping, and it is also applied to the cast-iron piping used on the vent system. As a matter of fact, soil pipe is that par...
- Soil Piping - Roughing-In. Part 2
- Nevertheless, it is a poor practice, and never to be followed if it is possible to construct the work otherwise. While the practice is bad under any conditions, certain methods of performing this work...
- Soil Piping - Roughing-In. Part 3
- Whenever a branch line of soil or waste pipe is extended 15 feet or more from the main soil or waste stack into which it is connected, the branch should be carried through the roof. Soil, waste, or v...
- Soil Piping - Roughing-In. Part 4
- Before leaving the subject of roughing-in, the matter of fixture wastes should be considered, as the concealed work on the fixture wastes is constructed during the roughing in. It will therefore b...
- Soil Piping - Roughing-In. Part 5
- Another feature on which successful calking depends lies in the quality of the lead used. Calking lead should be as soft as possible, and therefore free from zinc, solder, etc. For this purpose old le...
- Chapter XII. Main Trap And Fresh-Air Inlet
- The use of this trap is open for discussion, and its advantages and disadvantages have been debated more extensively probably than any other subject relating to the drainage system. Its advocates hav...
- Chapter XIII. Floor Drains, Yard Drains, Cellar Drainers, Rain Leaders, Etc
- The subject of floor drains pertains more especially to large work of a public nature, such as public toilet rooms of hotels, schools, factories, etc., apparatus rooms and hose towers of engine houses...
- Chapter XIV. Fixture Wastes
- Anyone who is acquainted with the work of the plumber well knows that it is not fine fixtures and nickel trimmings that make up the sum total of a sanitary plumbing system. Indeed, the sanitary charac...
- Chapter XV. Water-Closets
- The water-closet, without doubt, has received more earnest attention in its development than any other plumbing fixture or device. Its use has also had more influence in the working out of the details...
- Water-Closets. Part 2
- Following the types of water-closets mentioned above came the washout water-closet, which is in extensive use to-day, in some sections of the country. This fixture is shown in Fig. 130 and was a very ...
- Water-Closets. Part 3
- In Fig. 134 is shown another form of water-closet, known as the siphon-jet type, which represents the most perfect water-closet which has yet been devised. The action of this fixture is the result no...
- Water-Closets. Part 4
- In roughing-in the connections for the water-closet, the vertical part of the bend should pass through the floor so that the center will be right to receive the outlet of the fixture. To accomplish th...
- Water-Closets. Part 5
- Several of these fittings are to be seen in Figs. 143 to 146. The fitting of Fig. 143 is a common stock fitting, known as the vented T-Y. This fitting is an excellent one, and where practicable to use...
- Water-Closets. Part 6
- The fitting may also be obtained with a waste opening at K. Such a waste could not be used, however, if the fitting were provided with the branch L, as this would mean that the same pipe served as bot...
- Water-Closets. Part 7
- The use of offset water-closets is a practice more or less common, but now generally prohibited by plumbing ordinances. This form of water-closet bowl has no trap, but its shape is such that the uninf...
- Water-Closets. Part 8
- It will thus be seen that when the fixture is not in use, there is no water standing in the flush tank, or at any point in the piping above the supply valve. It is needless to say that this form of wa...
- Chapter XVI. Local Ventilation
- Local ventilation has been greatly improved in recent years, until now it seems difficult to understand how in its most perfect form it could be further improved upon. As it has generally been known i...
- Local Ventilation. Continued
- From these four illustrations the principle of the raised rear vent is easily understood. The opening of the vent into the fixture is above the water line, and the course of the vent from the opening ...
- Chapter XVII. Modern Improved Plumbing Connections
- Within a comparatively short time, a large number of especially efficient waste and vent fittings have appeared, which have great merit and have done much toward simplifying and improving waste and ve...
- Chapter XVIII. Plumbing For Residences, Dwellings, Etc
- The subject of residence plumbing is one of the important branches of plumbing construction, quite different in many respects from such lines of work as the plumbing for public buildings, factories, e...
- Chapter XIX. Plumbing For Schools, Hotels, Factories, Stables, Etc
- The plumbing systems for schools, factories, etc., and for such buildings as apartments, are very much more complex than those for residences and small dwelling houses, and call for the solution of pr...
- Plumbing For Schools, Hotels, Factories, Stables, Etc. Part 2
- In Fig. 204 an end view of a double line of these sinks is given, and in Fig. 205 a top or plan view of the double line. From the latter, it will be seen that the battery is made up of separate sinks...
- Plumbing For Schools, Hotels, Factories, Stables, Etc. Part 3
- In Modern Plumbing Illustrated, by the author, the subjects of flushing valves and automatic flushing are illustrated and considered exhaustively. The use of lines of refrigerators in large buildin...
- Chapter XX. Modern Methods And Devices In Country Plumbing
- High-grade country plumbing is at the present day a far different matter than it was years ago, both as regards methods employed and apparatus used. One of the greatest steps in advance for plumbing ...
- Chapter XXI. Filtration Of Sewage And Water Supply
- The subject of nitration, and the action, construction, and connection of filters should be thoroughly understood by the plumber and by the architect as well. At first thought this subject may seem t...
- Filtration Of Sewage And Water Supply. Part 2
- The danger, however, is reduced to a minimum when efficient filtration is provided. It may be said that distilled or boiled water is the only absolutely safe water for drinking purposes, though under ...
- Filtration Of Sewage And Water Supply. Part 3
- Another method of sewage disposal, in which the matter of filtration bears an important part is to be seen in Fig. 242. Elsewhere in this work the subject of septic tanks in connection with automatic...
- Chapter XXII. Hot And Cold Water Supply
- The work of the plumber is divided into two distinct lines - drainage and supply. In nearly all city work, the drainage system must be installed according to plumbing ordinances established for the p...
- Hot And Cold Water Supply. Part 2
- Before proceeding further with the piping inside the house, there is the hydrant to be considered, which is shown in Fig. 252. The hydrant cock or shut-off is of special design as shown, and should be...
- Hot And Cold Water Supply. Part 3
- This provision consists in running a pipe from the highest point in the hot-water piping up and over the tank. Through this pipe any expansion of the hot water may vent itself into the tank. If severa...
- Hot And Cold Water Supply. Part 4
- The collapsing of range boilers and explosion of water fronts may occur from several different causes. If the connections-between the range and the boiler on a pressure system should be frozen, there ...
- Hot And Cold Water Supply. Part 5
- Self-closing work closes very quickly also, and is open to the same objection as Fuller work. When the pressure of the supply is very heavy, this trouble is a serious one. The only way to proceed agai...
- Chapter XXIII. Range Boilers - Theory Of Circulation
- The subject of cold-water supply, which has already been considered, is a comparatively simple matter. On the other hand, the subject of hot-water supply involves numerous difficulties which do not en...
- Range Boilers - Theory Of Circulation. Part 2
- The hot-water boiler in common use, such as shown in Fig. 268, has four openings, two at the top, one at the bottom, and one on the side. Into the latter, the hot water or flow pipe from the water fro...
- Range Boilers - Theory Of Circulation. Part 3
- In some sections of the country, very little trouble is experienced from rust and sediment, while in others, mucn trouble is experienced. Every possible precaution should be taken against the filling ...
- Range Boilers - Theory Of Circulation. Part 4
- Fig. 277 illustrates a method of connecting the horizontal boiler which is often made use of, but which is open to objection. In the first place, it will be noted that the boiler supply is taken into ...
- Chapter XXIV. Circulating Pipes
- In the running of hot-water piping on ordinary work the supply lines to fixtures are run as directly as possible to them, the different branches ending at the fixtures. This method is shown in Fig. 28...
- Chapter XXV. Problems In Range Boiler Work
- While the great majority of range-boiler connections are simple and straightforward, there are numerous instances, constantly arising in the experience of the plumber, which call for much ingenuity on...
- Problems In Range Boiler Work. Continued
- The connection of the range boiler to a range on the floor below it, is a connection often called for, such a connection being shown in Fig. 302, from which it will be seen that no different principle...
- Chapter XXVI. Hot-Water Supply For Office And Apartment Buildings, Etc
- The principles governing hot-water supply are naturally the same, whether it he in relation to small residence work or to the more extensive systems of large buildings. In the latter work there is no...
- Hot-Water Supply For Office And Apartment Buildings, Etc. Continued
- In the overhead system, as in the system of Fig. 313, the main flow pipe runs as directly as possible to the top floor, and then is run horizontally, drop risers being taken out wherever required, the...
- Chapter XXVII. The Water Lift And Its Applications
- As generally considered, the water lift finds its principal application in city work, but may also be used to great advantage in the country, and in connection with institutions, manufacturing plants,...
- Chapter XXVIII. Multiple Connections For Hot-Water Boilers-Radiators And Coils Heated By Range Boilers
- While the large majority of range connections are very simple, involving no novel features, very often conditions and requirements arise which alter the matter entirely, often producing very difficult...
- Chapter XXIX. Theory For The Plumber
- In order to be successful in his work, the plumber of to-day must have at his command not only a knowledge of the practical requirements of his trade, but also a knowledge of the theory that underlies...
- Theory For The Plumber. Part 2
- In Fig. 333 is shown an illustration from which the principle governing the artesian well, may be studied. Wherever this well is to be found, it will also be found that the strata composing the earth'...
- Theory For The Plumber. Part 3
- It is because of the expansion of water when heated that larger sizes must be used on flow pipes than on returns, and it is for the same reason that expansion tanks must be used. It is due to...
- Theory For The Plumber. Part 4
- Fusion is a subject connected with that of heat, which has been already slightly touched upon. Fusion is the passage of a solid into the liquid state. Most substances have the power of fusion. Excepti...
- Chapter XXX. Drawing For The Plumber
- It is not the purpose of this chapter to go extensively into the subject, but to give some of the necessary principles which will be of assistance along these lines. While it is not to be expected tha...
- Drawing For The Plumber. Continued
- Another point that requires mention is the fact that if the pipe had laid upon its side instead of upon end, when the two views were made, the plan would then have been what the elevation now is, but ...
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- MODERN PLUMBING ILLUSTRATED. By R. M. STARBUCK. This book represents the highest standard of Plumbing work. It gives Connections, Sizes, and Working Data for all Fixtures and Groups of Fixtures. It ...
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