To 6 quarts of water add 1 pound of logwood and two or three handfuls of fresh walnut peelings. Let the whole boil well until reduced to about half the quantity of liquid, then strain and add a pint of best vinegar, boil again, and apply the stain whilst quite hot. Dissolve 1 ounce of .green copperas in a quart of water, and apply this whilst quite hot over the previous stain, which will be very much improved thereby. In 3 quarts of water boil 1/2 pound of logwood chips, and add 1 ounce of pearl-ash, strain, and apply whilst hot. Boil 1/2 pound of logwood chips in 3 quarts of water, adding 1/2 ounce of verdigris and 1/2 ounce of copperas. Strain this decoction and add 1/2 pound of rusty steel filings. Wash this stain over the previous one.