Modern American Lathe Practice | by Oscar E. Perrigo

Preface

The aim of the Author in writing this book has been to present in as comprehensive a manner as may be within the limits of a single volume the history and development of the lathe from early times to ...

Introduction

In the great measure of success that has been enjoyed, and the vast volume of wealth that has been produced in this, the most industrial of all countries, the manufacturing industries easily lead all ...

Introduction. Continued

The lack of facilities for making iron castings was very early felt, and history tells us that as early as the year 1643 John Winthrop arrived in this country from England, bringing with him the neces...

Chapter I. History Of The Lathe Up To The Introduction Of Screw Threads

Tracing early history. The lathe was the first machine tool. The origin of the lathe. An old definition of turning. The first record of turning operations. Another old-time definition of turning. Engl...

History Of The Lathe Up To The Introduction Of Screw Threads. Part 2

Fig. 1. - The Old Tree Lathe. We read that: Wood-turners in some of the Asiatic countries go into the deep forests with axes, and with a few rude turning tools and hair ropes build their la...

Introduction Of Screw Threads Lathe. Part 3

It was later found that if the flexible pole orlathwas rather weak and the piece of work to be operated upon was quite heavy, acting as a balance-wheel, its forward revolution was not wholly arreste...

Introduction Of Screw Threads Lathe. Part 4

Fig. 5. - Foot Lathe for Turning Wood or Metals. The large wheel was of cast iron, rescued from a scrap heap, and had only the grooves for the two faster speeds K, L, the part M being made of w...

Chapter II. The Development Of The Lathe Since The Introduction Of Screw Threads

Origin of the screw thread. Ancient boring tools. Suggestions of the screw-form. TheWorm Gimlet.Making the first nuts. An old device for cutting threads in wood. Archimedes and his helical device fo...

The Development Of The Lathe Since The Introduction Of Screw Threads. Part 2

We know that a Frenchman by the name of Jacques Berson, in 1569, built a lathe that seems to have been capable of cutting threads on wood. An engraving of his lathe is given in Fig. 9. As Ayill be ...

The Development Of The Lathe since Screw Threads. Part 3

By the use of the device shown in Fig, 10, it is plain that a differentmaster screwwas needed for each different pitch of thread to be cut, although the diameter of the work might be anything within...

The Development Of The Lathe since Screw Threads. Part 4

Fig. 12. - End Elevation of Chain Lathe. The carriage was of the roughest description and had a hand cross feed for the tool block, which carried the old-fashioned tool-clamping device held i...

The Development Of The Lathe since Screw Threads. Part 5

Fig. 14. - Putnam Lathe built in 1836. The transition from wooden to iron beds and legs for lathes was probably made by the early builders of these machines about 1840 or a few years later. It ...

Chapter III. Classification Of Lathes

The essential elements of a lathe. The bed. The head-stock. The tail-stock. The carriage. The apron. The turning and supporting rests. The countershaft. Taper attachments. Change-gears. Classification...

Classification Of Lathes. Part 2

Hand lathes are supposed to be for the usual operations of hand tool turning, filing and light metal turning by means of a detachable slide-rest. They may have legs of sufficient height to support the...

Classification Of Lathes. Part 3

By the termroughing lathewe understand that the design is heavy and massive with a very powerful driving mechanism, lateral and cross feeds and a very rigid tool holding device. Such a lathe is seen...

Classification Of Lathes. Part 4

These being the conditions under which it is designed and built it is an expensive lathe, as the most skilful labor is used in its construction and the time devoted to this work is always liberal. It ...

Classification Of Lathes. Part 5

Pulley lathes, as they are commonly termed, might more appropriately be called pulley-turning machines, or even pulley-making machines, since some of them make the pulley complete, with the exception ...

Classification Of Lathes. Part 6

While the turret lathe in its perfected form is now a complete machine, the turret idea was first applied to engine lathes, and turret attachments are so universally popular that most of the lathe man...

Chapter IV. Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports

The designer of lathes. The manufacturer's view of a lathe. The proper medium. Cause of failure. The visionary designer. Conscientious efforts to improve in design. Design of the lathe bed. Elementary...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 2

With these preliminary statements relative to the conditions and requirements of good and successful designing, we may take up the designing of lathes somewhat in detail and inquire into the design of...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 3

To render the comparison more apparent and in a practical manner the two views shown in Figs. 31 and 32 are given. In Fig. 31 the parabolic design is shown in proper proportion for supporting the head...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 4

In order to increase the swing of the lathe without raising the head spindle in relation to the bed, some builders prefer to omit the inside V's, as shown in Fig. 35, by which means the arc C, as give...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 5

Thus far the cross section of the bed, and its component parts of the side plates, the track or top portion and the V's, have been shown, in addition to the front elevations and the various forms of b...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 6

With the advent of cast iron beds four V's were usually provided for. Whether the idea of four V's came in with the cast iron bed is not certain, as it is entirely possible that some ingenious machini...

Lathe Design: The Bed And Its Supports. Part 7

At the present time a number of lathe builders still use the old-style legs, made heavier and with the material better distributed for strength, and, as a rule, the top portion of the leg extending fa...

Chapter V. Lathe Design; The Head-Stock Casting, The Spindle And The Spindle Cone

Design of head-stock for wooden bed lathes. Early design for use on a cast iron bed. An old New Haven head-stock. The arch form of the bottom plate. Providing for reversing gears. The Hendey-Norton he...

The Head-Stock Casting, The Spindle And The Spindle Cone. Part 2

Fig. 57. - One of the Older Favorite Forms of Head-Stock. In Fig. 57 is shown a modification of the arch form shown in Fig. 56, which has for its purpose the strengthening obtained by the rib A...

Head-Stock Casting, Spindle And Spindle Cone. Part 3

The Le Blond type is shown in Fig. 61. In this we have a straight line at the back and front, with a modification of the reversed curve and the combination of the arch proper and the inverted arch as ...

Head-Stock Casting, Spindle And Spindle Cone. Part 4

Fig. 66. - Form of Lathe Spindle when undue prominence is given to Cone Pulley. This view of the case leads us to the choice of a medium between the two extremes presented and an ideal form as ...

Head-Stock Casting, Spindle And Spindle Cone. Part 5

The proportions upon which this design is made may be interesting. Using the full swing of the lathe in inches as a unit, represented by A, the proportions of the spindle will be as follows: Diamet...

Chapter VI. Lathe Design. The Spindle Bearings, The Back Gears, And The Triple Gear Mechanism

Designing spindle bearings and boxes. Thrust bearings. The Lodge & Shipley form. Ball bearings. Proper metal for boxes. The cast iron box. Early form of boxes. The cylindrical form. Thrust bearings fo...

Lathe Design. The Spindle Bearings, The Back Gears, And The Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 2

Fig. 75. - Ball Thrust Bearing. Of course it is assumed in all these remarks that the lathe spindles are made of 50 to 60-point crucible steel, and that they have been accurately ground, as thi...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 3

In the present case the spindle A is cylindrical, that is, with no taper, and runs in a hard bronze sleeve B, which has a taper of two degrees on each side and fits closely in the taper reamed hole in...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 4

Fig. 82. - Loose Ring Oiler. In Fig. 83 is shown a similar device to the above, except that a flat linked chain is used instead of a circular ring. It is obvious that by lengthening the chain i...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 5

Therefore, if we divide the revolutions per minute of the spindle cone by the ratio of the cone pinion with the back gear multiplied by the ratio of the quill pinion with the face gear, we obtain the ...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 6

Fig. 87. - Speed Curves of a Triple Geared Lathe. Cone Speeds 395 234 149 . 96 ...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 7

In the diagrams of driving mechanisms in Figs. 85,86,88,89, 90, and 91, the countershaft cone is shown above the spindle cone and the back gear and triple gear mechanisms below. This is so arranged fo...

Spindle Bearings, Back Gears, Triple Gear Mechanism. Part 8

Usually the face gear has an outside diameter about equal to that of the largest step of the cone, but should not be larger. The outside diameter of the cone pinion should not be much smaller than the...

Chapter VII. Lathe Design: The Tail-Stock, The Carriage, The Apron, Etc

Functions of the tail-stock. Requisites in its construction. The Pratt & Whitney tail-stock. The Reed tail-stock. The Lodge & Shipley tail-stock. The Blaisdell tail-stock. The Hendey-Norton tail-stock...

Lathe Design: The Tail-Stock, The Carriage, The Apron, Etc. Part 2

Figure 98 is the tail-stock used on 20-inch swing lathes built by P. Blaisdell & Company. The only noticeable feature is the unusual diameter of the tail-spindle sleeve in proportion to its supporting...

Tail-Stock, Carriage, Apron, Etc. Part 3

The establishment of Schumacher & Boye make a somewhat similar tail-stock for their 48-inch swing lathe. It is shown in Fig. 107. It is provided with the same features as the one just considered, but ...

Tail-Stock, Carriage, Apron, Etc. Part 4

The front wings of the carriage are broad, for the purpose of properly accommodating a full swing rest, an additional tool-post or other tool-holding device. The T-slots in the rear may serve a like p...

Tail-Stock, Carriage, Apron, Etc. Part 5

The entire device is very strong and rigid and capable of withstanding very heavy cuts. There is a power cross and angular feed in addition to the facilities for hand feeding in all directions. Fur...

Tail-Stock, Carriage, Apron, Etc. Part 6

Fig. 116.- Taper Attachment built by the F. E. Reed Company. By this means there need be no special preparation of the bed of a lathe in order to use the taper attachment. The carriage must, ho...

Chapter VIII. Lathe Design: Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners, Etc

Holding a lathe tool. The old slide-rest. The Reed compound rest. The Lodge & Shipley compound rest. The Hamilton compound rest. The Hendey-Norton open side tool-posts. Quick-elevating tool-rest. The ...

Lathe Design: Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners, Etc. Part 2

Fig. 128.- Compound Rest and Tool-holding Device, made by the Hamilton Machine Tool Company. Figure 131 shows the Homan patent tool-rest, which is also made by the Hendey Machine Company, which...

Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners, Etc. Part 3

Figure 137 shows the three-tool shafting rest made by the New Haven Manufacturing Company. This is adapted to be located on the carriage of an ordinary engine lathe in place of the compound rest, and ...

Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners. Part 4

Figure 144 shows the strongest follow rest made and is a product of the same establishment. Being provided with friction rolls for reducing the friction of the work, it is adapted to the heaviest work...

Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners. Part 5

FIG.146.- Shaft Straightener for use on Lathe Bed, made by the New Haven Manufacturing Company. At each corner of the base casting is bolted a leg G, G, G, G, carrying loosely journaled therein...

Turning Rests, Supporting Rests, Shaft Straighteners. Part 6

Exterior View. Longitudinal Section. Cross Section. Fig. 148.- Self-Oiling Boxes for Countershafts, made by the F. E. Reed Company. In Fig. 148 is given a good illustration of ...

Chapter IX. Lathe Attachments

Special forms of turned work. Attachment for machining concave and convex surfaces. Attachment for forming semicircular grooves in rolling mill rolls. Device for turning balls or spherical work. Turni...

Lathe Attachments. Part 2

If convex work is to be done the compound rest tool block must be drawn back far enough past the center to give the required radius of the convex curve. Figure 152 shows a compound rest tool block ...

Lathe Attachments. Part 3

It is very simple in its construction and consists of a radius bar A, which is pivoted at its rear end to a block D, and at its front end to the tool block of the compound rest at B. By reference to t...

Lathe Attachments. Part 4

Fig. 163.-Ratchet Cam forBacking-offAttachment. Fig. 164.-Bracket for Cam Roller ofBacking-offAttachment. The compound rest, or cross-slide, as the case may be, is connected to the t...

Lathe Attachments. Part 5

It must be admitted that even with these crude devices much good work was accomplished, and that the way was thus opened for the much better work that followed later on. With the introduction of el...

Chapter X. Rapid Change Gear Mechanisms

By the termrapid change gearwe understand that the mechanism so denominated is one capable of performing all the functions of the former change-gears but without the necessity for exchanging one gea...

Rapid Change Gear Mechanisms. Part 2

Fig. 171.- End Elevation of Le Blond's Quick Change Gear Device. The quick change gear device designed by R. K. Le Blond is an interesting example of this type of mechanism. Figure 171 shows an...

Rapid Change Gear Mechanisms. Part 3

Figures 175 and 176 illustrate therapid change gear attachmentof the Springfield Machine Tool Company'sIdeallathe. They make use of the design placed in the second class, that is, those which h...

Rapid Change Gear Mechanisms. Part 4

The locking device for the handle which controls the position of gear B is shown at H, Fig. 179, and consists of a shoe with a semicircular recess at the end which snaps under the heads of the locking...

Rapid Change Gear Mechanisms. Part 5

It will be noticed that the device is very compact and very simple, requiring a less number of gears and other operative parts than almost any device adapted to give a like number of useful changes. ...

Chapter XI. Lathe Tools, High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Power For Cutting-Tools, Etc

Lathe tools in general. A set of regular tools. Tool angles. Materials and their characteristics. Their relation to the proper form of tools. Behavior of metals when being machined. The four requisite...

Lathe Tools, High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Power For Cutting-Tools, Etc. Part 2

Of course all tools must be harder than the material they are to cut; at the same time they must not be so hard as to be brittle, or be made of a quality of steel that becomes brittle when hardened, b...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Power For Cutting-Tools. Part 3

Fig. 190.- A Spring Tool orGooseneck. This innovation was started before the advent of the now well-knownself -hardening,orhigh-speedtool steels, that have so changed machine shop conditi...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 4

I do not think it advisable to have too many different kinds of stock in the works; results depend entirely upon the way of forging and treating the tool. If the tool-maker is familiar with one or tw...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 5

No doubt the reader will know the results that some of us have arrived at in the last two years. In regard to cutting speeds and feeds there has been and always will be difference of opinion, and it ...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 6

In other steels a similar degree of softness, or even a degree of hardness much greater than that of ordinary steel, would not work, the tool 'gumming up' and rapidly burning up. The whole secret lie...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 7

Another word about the saving to be effected. This will depend among other things upon the number of machines that are run. If only one machine runs on a job, there will not be a saving of two thirds...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 8

While it is convenient to purchase these compounds, a good one is easily made by boiling for half an hour or more one half pound of sal soda, one pint lard oil; one pint soft soap, and water sufficien...

High-Speed Steel, Speeds And Feeds, Cutting-Tools. Part 9

These remarks are not intended to discourage the desire to obtain such data. It is always commendable to search, observe, calculate, anddig outall these and similar facts relating to the performance...

Chapter XII. Testing A Lathe

Prime requisites of a good lathe. Importance of correct tests. The author's plan. Devices for testing alignment. Using the device. Adjustable straight-edge. Development of the plan. Special tools nece...

Testing A Lathe. Part 2

Supposing that the centers of the lathe have been found to line vertically and horizontally correct, we now desire to know if the back box of the head spindle is set in exact prolongation of the line ...

Testing A Lathe. Part 3

There are many items of an inspector's duty not here enumerated which, in a shop properly arranged and managed, will have been attended to as the parts are being made and assembled. This relates only ...

Testing A Lathe. Part 4

Fig. 204.- Plan of Lathe being Tested for Alignment of Head-Stock and Tail-Stock Spindles. The vertical alignment of the tail spindle is tested in the same manner, as shown in Fig. 203. It may also...

Chapter XIII. Lathe Work

The use of hand tools. Simple lathe work. Lathe centers. Care in reaming center holes. Locating the center. Use of the center square. Angle of centers. Lubrication of centers. Centering large pieces o...

Lathe Work. Part 2

Fig. 209.- Lathe Dogs. From these examples and remarks it will be seen that much depends on making the center holes of the right form if we expect to produce a good piece of turned ...

Lathe Work. Part 3

One of the oldest chuck manufacturers was E. Horton, who established the business in 1851. One of the Horton three-jaw chucks is shown in Fig. 210. At A is shown a face view of the finished chuck. ...

Lathe Work. Part 4

It should not be forgotten that while we usually grip work upon the outside, the chuck jaws work equally well by bearing against the inside of the work; for instance, the inside of the rim of a gear t...

Chapter XIV. Lathe Work Continued

Irregular lathe work. Clamping work to the face-plate. Danger of distorting the work. A notable instance of improper holding of face-plate work. The turning of tapers. Setting over the tail-stock cent...

Lathe Work Continued. Part 2

While there are usually graduations on the end of the taper attachment that are intended as a guide in setting the swivel-bar or guide, they are frequently misunderstood and consequently useless. Usua...

Lathe Work Continued. Part 3

When these conditions are obtained the forming lathe works easily, accurately, and efficiently. The tools must be so formed that by continually grinding on the top the form and contour of the cutti...

Lathe Work Continued. Part 4

The device for doing this job, when once made, proved to be useful on other jobs as well. The author once designed and built a lathe for doing a similar job to the one here described and illustrate...

Lathe Work Continued. Part 5

The result of this combination is this: If the 36-gear engaged the 72, the ratio would be 2; and if the 24-gear engaged the 48, the ratio would be 2. These ratios multiplied would be 4. As they are en...

Lathe Work Continued. Part 6

Fortunately, a boring lathe was at hand, fitted with a chuck and provided with a sliding carriage, operated by an automatic feed and designed to bore a 2 1/2-inch hole, 25 inches deep. One end of the ...

Chapter XV. Engine Lathes

Definition of the word engine. What is meant by an engine lathe. The plan of this chapter. The Reed lathes. Reed 18-inch engine lathe The Pratt & Whitney lathes. Their 14-inch engine lathe. Flather la...

Engine Lathes. Part 2

Experience has demonstrated that with proper care on the part of the operator a box constructed in this manner will last for a very long time, and, if properly lubricated, that the babbitt metal will ...

Engine Lathes. Part 3

Fig. 228.- 18-inch Swing Quick Change Gear Engine Lathe, built by Flather & Co. In Fig. 228 is given a front elevation of 18-inch swingquick change gear lathe,which seems designed to meet the...

Engine Lathes. Part 4

In 1865 P. Blaisdell began the building of lathes and has continued the business since. While no great efforts seem to have been made to bring out new and novel inventions, the Blaisdell lathes have a...

Engine Lathes. Part 5

It will be noticed in the engraving of the front of the lathe that all movements, including those of reversing, are controlled by levers in the front of the apron, so that the operator need not, neces...

Engine Lathes. Part 6

The general arrangement and construction of the head-stock, and the gearing contained in the front end of the bed, is well shown in the longitudinal section in Fig. 237, and the end elevation in Fig. ...

Chapter XVI. Engine Lathes Continued

Schumacher & Boye's 20-inch instantaneous change gear engine lathe. Emmes change gear device. 32-inch swing engine lathe. Le Blond engine lathes. 24-inch swing lathe. The Le Blond lathe apron. Complet...

Engine Lathes Continued. Part 2

While this establishment makes several types of lathes, it will be sufficient for our purpose here to introduce the regular engine lathe, and that of 24-inch swing is taken as a good example and shown...

Engine Lathes Continued. Part 3

A rear view of the apron is shown in Fig. 247, by which it will be seen that worms and worm-gears are avoided and the substantial arrangement of a large bevel gear and double bevel pinions, mounted in...

Engine Lathes Continued. Part 4

The Springfield Machine Tool Company make a variety of engine lathes and special lathes for various purposes that are unique in some respects, and very serviceable lathes for a large class of manufact...

Engine Lathes Continued. Part 5

The tail-stock is of theoffsetpattern, that is, cut away in front so as to permit the compound rest to swing around parallel to the V's of the lathe. The tail spindle is 2 1/16 inches in diameter, a...

Chapter XVII. Heavy Lathes

The Bradford Tool Company's 42-inch swing triple-geared engine lathe The American Tool Works Company's 42-inch swing triple-geared engine lathe. The New Haven Manufacturing Company's 50-inch swing tri...

Heavy Lathes. Part 2

The compound rest is large and broad, with an ample tool block with heavy tool clamping bars, and having an angular power feed of 12 inches in any direction. The base is graduated and both top and bot...

Heavy Lathes. Part 3

The feed is positive, by a series of gears on the head-stock, with the usual change-gears for operating the lead screw, which is splined for driving the apron mechanism. All sliding surfaces are ha...

Chapter XVIII. High-Speed Lathes

Prentice Brothers Company's new high-speed, geared head lathe. A detailed description of its special features. A roughing lathe built by the R. K. Le Blond Machine Tool Company. Lodge & Shipley's pate...

High-Speed Lathes. Part 2

The two groups of gears are of the ratio 2 to 1,1 to 1, 1 to 2, and 1 to 4, which, in connection with the bank of gears mounted on the side of the head, gives a range of thread cutting from 2 to 32 pe...

High-Speed Lathes. Part 3

The Lodge & Shipley Machine Tool Company build a lathe with a head-stock that is a radical departure from the usual form of cone-driven lathes and which is entitled to special consideration. It is the...

High-Speed Lathes. Part 4

The end thrust of the spindle is against the rear housing of the head-stock by means of a large cast iron collar keyed fast to the spindle, between which and the faced inside of the housing are interp...

Chapter XIX. Special Lathes

The F. E. Reed turret-head chucking lathe. Its special features. A useful turning rest. The Springfield Machine Tool Company's shaft-turning lathe. The three-tool shafting rest. The driving mechanism,...

Special Lathes. Part 2

On this lathe, when arranged as above, it is only necessary to remove the shafting rest, replace the compound rest, disconnect the tumbler gear under the head-stock, and the lathe is ready to perform ...

Special Lathes. Part 3

The upper spindle is triple geared and has double the ratio of back gearing of the lower spindle, while the internal geared faceplate shown in the engraving is furnished as an extra and gives a ratio ...

Special Lathes. Part 4

The head spindle is driven by spiral or tangent gearing, giving a very steady movement entirely devoid of the tendency to chatter as when turning a pulley or other light-rimmed wheel, when the power i...

Special Lathes. Part 5

The tool-slide is made flat on top to take various attachments, and has two T-grooves for the tool-post. Ordinary lathe tools are used. The slides are carefully scraped together and the whole slide-re...

Chapter XX. Regular Turret Lathes

Importance of the turret lathe. Its sphere of usefulness. Classification of turret lathes. Special turret lathes. The monitor lathes. The Jones & Lamson flat turret lathe. Its general design and const...

Regular Turret Lathes. Part 2

The indexing mechanism of the turret is of the greatest importance, and in this particular point the flat turret lathe seems to have an exceptional advantage. Its index pin is located directly under t...

Regular Turret Lathes. Part 3

Two sets of independent adjustable stops are provided for each face of the turret, one operating with the longitudinal and the other with the cross travel of the carriage. When the general work which ...

Regular Turret Lathes. Part 4

Another notable machine brought out by the Pratt & Whitney is their 3 x 36 turret lathe; that is, a lathe capable of handling a 3-inch bar of round stock and in which the turret has a run of 36 inches...

Regular Turret Lathes. Part 5

Fig. 293.- Chuck Construction of the Pratt & Whitney Turret Lathe. Fig. 294.- Chuck and Rod Feed Mechanism of the Pratt & Whitney-Turret Lathe. To give the jaws a uniform gripping pressu...

Regular Turret Lathes. Part 6

Fig. 295. - 41 1/2-inch Turret Lathe built by the Gisholt Machine Company. The carriage is provided with a turret tool-post carrying four tools, any one of which may be instantly brought into p...

Chapter XXI. Special Turret Lathes

The R. K. Le Blond triple-geared turret lathe. General description. The Springfield Machine Tool Company's 24-inch engine lathe with a turret on the bed. Its special features. Its general dimensions. ...

Special Turret Lathes. Part 2

A very complete turret lathe for working brass and other similar metals is built by the Dreses Machine Tool Company. It is shown in Fig. 302, and is known as a 15-inch friction back geared brass turre...

Special Turret Lathes. Part 3

It is altogether an exceedingly useful machine, combining many practical features, great weight, strength and rigidity, and consequently capable of performing very heavy work. The turret-forming la...

Special Turret Lathes. Part 4

As an example of the simplest form of a turret lathe with a hand turret mounted upon the carriage, the one shown in Fig. 306 is given. It is an 18-inch swing engine lathe built by the Springfield Mach...

Chapter XXII. Electrically Driven Lathes

System of electric drives. Principal advantages of driving lathes by electricity. Group drive versus individual motor system. Individual motor drives preferable for medium and large sized lathes. The ...

Electrically Driven Lathes. Part 2

A mechanical reverse is provided and may be operated from the carriage of the lathe so that the operator can start, stop, and reverse the direction of the spindle without stopping the motor. This is a...

Electrically Driven Lathes. Part 3

At the front end of the plate there is carried a short-throw cam which allows the plate a slight drop and consequent loosening of the belt when it is desired to shift from one step of the cone to anot...

Scientific And Practical Books

Published By The Norman W. Henley Publishing Co. 132 Nassau Street, New York, V. S. A. Any of these books will be sent prepaid on receipt of price to any address in the world We will...

Scientific And Practical Books. Part 2

FOWLER. Locomotive Breakdowns and Their Remedies This work treats in full all kinds of accidents that are likely to happen to locomotive engines while on the road. The various parts of the locomoti...

Scientific And Practical Books. Part 3

HISCOX. Horseless Vehicles, Automobiles and Motor Cycles, Operated by Steam, Hydro-Carbon, Electric, and Pneumatic Motors A practical treatise of 459 pages and 316 illustrations for Automobilists, ...

Scientific And Practical Books. Part 4

SAUNIER. Watchmaker's Hand-Book Just issued, 7th edition. Contains 498 pages and is a workshop companion for those engaged in watchmaking and allied mechanical arts. 250 engravings and 14 plates. $...