Caryota

Three species. Stove palms. Seeds. Rich soil and a moist warm atmosphere.

Cascaria

Six species. Stove evergreen shrubs. Cuttings. Sandy loam.

Casine

Seven species. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs. Ripe cuttings. Loam and peat.

Cassia

One hundred species. Chiefly stove or green-house evergreen shrubs. Some are annuals, and a few herbaceous perennials. Cuttings. Light loamy soil, or loam and peat.

Cassinia

Five species. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs. C. aureci is an herbaceous perennial. C.spectabilis, an evergreen annual. Division, cuttings, or seed. Loam and peat.

Castanea

Chestnut. Five species and some varieties. Hardy deciduous trees. C. indica is a stove evergreen. Seeds or grafts. Common soil.

Castanospermum

Castanospermum auslrale. Green-house evergreen fruit tree. Layers. Loamy soil.

Castelea

Castelea erecta. Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings. Peat and loam.

Castilleja

Four species. The stove evergreen shrubs succeed in loam and peat, and increase by cuttings. The hardy herbaceous and annuals by division or seeds. Sandy peat.

Casuarina

Nine species. Greenhouse evergreen trees. Cuttings. Sandy loam and peat.

Catalpa

Three species. Hardy deciduous and stove evergreen trees. Seed, layers, or cuttings. Loam and peat.

Catananche

Two species. C. caerulea, hardy herbaceous perennial. C. lutea, an annual. Seed. Common soil.

Cataphagus

Cataphagus, a synonyme of Ela-ter. See Wireworm.

Catasetum

Seventeen species and some varieties. Stove epiphytes. Division. Wood.

Catchfly

See Silene.

Caterpillar

This is the young of either the butterfly or the moth, in its first state after emerging from the egg. There are many kinds, and the best mode of preventing their invasions, is to destroy every butterfly, moth, chrysalis, and egg that can be found. Hand-picking, dusting with lime, or soot, and other modes of destroying the caterpillar, are mentioned when noticing the plants they attack. Wherever a solution of ammonia, in the proportions of one to nine of water can be applied by the syringe, it will destroy many minute caterpillars undiscerned by the eye. Sparrows and other small birds in early spring should not be scared from the garden, for they destroy myriads of caterpillars. At that season they can do no harm if the gardener properly guards his seed beds. Boys paid a halt-penny per dozen for leaves having eggs or smaller caterpillars upon them, have been found to keep a garden free for a whole season for about seven shillings.

Catesbjea

Three species. Stove evergreen trees and shrubs. Cuttings. Light turfy loam and peat.

Catharanthus

Two species and varieties. Stove evergreen shrubs. Seeds or cuttings. Common soil.

C. pusillus is an annual, and requires a light rich soil.

Cattleya

Twenty-two species and some varieties. Stove epiphytes. Division. Wood.

Ceaxothus

Twenty-two species. Chiefly stove or green-house evergreen shrubs; some are hardy deciduous. C. perennis is herbaceous. Cuttings. Peat and loam.